THE EFFECT OF GONADOTROPHIC HORMONES ON YOUNG RAT OVARIES GROWN IN ORGAN CULTURE

1963 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
DESANKA PAVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Young Rat ◽  
Lung And Kidney

SUMMARY The influence of the anterior pituitary gland on young rat ovaries in culture was studied by explanting the two organs together. As controls ovaries were grown together with fragments of lung and kidney. The effect of the anterior pituitary was compared with that of the addition, in various concentrations, of pure FSH and of 'Gestyl' to the culture medium of organ cultures of ovaries. In control explants the number and size of the larger actively growing oocytes increased. The preservation of the germinal epithelium depended on the presence of the ovarian capsule and on the size of the periovarian space. The anterior pituitary stimulated the proliferation of follicular and stromal cells and induced the formation of more large follicles. This effect increased with pituitaries taken from older animals and when less medium was used for the cultures. In all concentrations used FSH caused the disappearance of the oocytes from growing and from primordial follicles. In the higher concentration used 'Gestyl' only induced hypertrophy in cells of the germinal epithelium in a few explants and was otherwise ineffective.

The Culture in vitro of Urogenital Organs of Pleurodeles waltlii

Development ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Charles L. Foote ◽  
Florence M. Foote
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture ◽  
Pleurodeles Waltlii

Earlier reports (Foote & Foote, 1958a, b, 1959) describe growth and maintenance in vitro of larval organs, particularly gonads, of Rana catesbeiana and Xenopus laevis. Immature germ cells of both testes and ovaries are well maintained in vitro, especially if the culture medium is supplemented with watersoluble sex-hormonal substances, although germ cells in process of maturation become necrotic. Recently some urogenital organs from the salamander, Pleurodeles waltlii, have been grown in vitro. Tissues and organs from this amphibian might prove to be more suitable for tissue and organ culture investigations than those of Anurans. Animals at three different ages were used in this study: recently hatched larvae, metamorphosing animals, and adults. To determine whether sex differentiation would occur in vitro, trunk portions of young larvae of Pleurodeles waltlii of developmental stages 37–38 (Gallien & Durocher, 1957) were placed in organ cultures.

The Cultivation of the Pituitary of Infantile Rats by the Glass-Rod Technique and the Influence of Grafted Explants on the Growth of Hypophysectomized Hosts

Development ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Petar N. Martinovitch
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Embryo Extract ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Initial Results

Just before the last war we made our first attempts to cultivate the anterior pituitary of rats and mice (Martinovitch, 1940). In those preliminary experiments we used pituitaries of animals 1 to 6 months old, and the culture medium was composed of chicken plasma and chicken embryo extract in equal proportions. The explants were grown by the watchglass technique and the incubating temperature was 33° to 34° C. Under these conditions some of our cultures survived for several months. Two months old cultures were grafted in the anterior eye chamber of normal animals and some of these grafts were successfully established. These initial results, and those obtained by Gaillard (1937,1942), seemed sufficiently promising to justify further research. Earlier work in vitro on the pituitary gland, e.g. the papers of Kasahara (1936), Anderson & Haymaker (1937), and Cutting & Lewis (1938), dealt mainly with unorganized growth.

Forelimb regeneration in hypophysectomized adult Diemictylus viridescens following organ culture and autoplastic implantation of the adenohypophysis

Development ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-458
Author(s):  
Richard A. Liversage ◽  
Liina Liivamagi
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Limb Regeneration ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Regenerative Activity

After autografting an organ-cultured anterior pituitary gland, maintained in culture for up to 27 days, into the tail or lower jaw of an hypophysectomized adult Diemictylus viridescens, the animals recovered and survived readily until fixation at 102 days (129 days post-hypophysectomy) and normal bilateral limb regeneration occurred. Also, restoration of normal skin colour, muscle tone, eating habits and behaviour was identical to control regenerate cases. In the sham control cases, a muscle fragment from the dismembered portion of the amputated left forelimb was placed in organ culture one day after hypophysectomy and then autografted into the host tail 7 days later. The majority of animals lived only up to 28 days post-hypophysectomy; they acquired the gross characteristics of adult hypophysectomized newts; and bilateral forelimb regeneration was thwarted. Newts that were hypophysectomized only, showed no gross signs of limb regeneration and died within 28 days. Organ culture and autoplastic implantation of the adenohypophysis permitted a study of the inhibition and then the concurrent restoration (left forelimb = old amputee) and initiation (right forelimb) of regenerative activity as well as normal advanced limb regeneration.

Effects of estrogens on the characteristics of [3H]spiroperidol and [3H]RU24213 binding in rat anterior pituitary gland and brain

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thérèse Di Paolo ◽  
Réjean Carmichael ◽  
Fernand Labrie ◽  
Jean-Pierre Raynaud
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland

Prolactin secretion and dopamine receptors of the MtTW15 transplantable pituitary tumour

1982 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Cronin ◽  
D. A. Keefer ◽  
C. A. Valdenegro ◽  
L. G. Dabney ◽  
R. M. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Tumour ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Dopamine Antagonist ◽  
Cell Column ◽  
Prolactin Release

The MtTW15 transplantable pituitary tumour grown in rats was tested in vitro for the ability of dopamine agonists to affect prolactin secretion and for the existence of dopamine receptors. Prolactin release from enzymatically dispersed cells and non-enzymatically treated tissue fragments of both the tumour and the anterior pituitary gland was determined in a cell perifusion column apparatus. Dopamine (0·1–5 μmol/l), bromocriptine (50 nmol/l) and the dopamine antagonist haloperidol (100 nmol/l) had no effect on prolactin release from the tumour cells. In contrast, dopamine (500 nmol/l) inhibited prolactin secretion from normal anterior pituitary cells in a parallel cell column and haloperidol blocked this inhibition. Although oestrogen treatment in vivo stimulated prolactin release in vitro when the tumour was removed and studied in the cell column, oestrogen had no effect on the inability of dopamine to modify the prolactin secretion. Growth hormone release from the tumour cells was not affected by dopamine. Although MtTW15 cells were refractory to dopaminergic inhibition of prolactin release, the dopamine receptors present in tumour homogenates were indistinguishable from the dopamine receptors previously defined in the normal anterior pituitary gland. The binding of the dopamine antagonist [3H]spiperone to the tumour was saturable (110 fmol/mg protein), of high affinity to one apparent class of sites (dissociation constant = 0·12 nmol/l), reversible and sensitive to guanine nucleotides. The pharmacology of the binding was defined in competition studies with a large number of agonists and antagonists. From the order of potency of these agents, a dopaminergic interaction was apparent. We conclude that the prolactin-secreting MtTW15 tumour cells appear to be completely unresponsive to dopamine or to the potent dopamine agonist bromocriptine, in spite of apparently normal dopamine receptors in the tumour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document