SOME ASPECTS OF ZONATION AND FUNCTION OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. CHESTER JONES ◽  
A. WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
And Function

SUMMARY Male adult rats, with established drinking patterns, were given the choice of saline or tap water to drink, immediately after adrenal enucleation. Both saline and water were taken, but by the 6th day after operation the rats had returned to drinking predominantly tap water. The adrenals at this stage showed a small compact cortex, no distinguishable zona glomerulosa, and they appeared to be composed for the most part of cells in 'fascicles'. Adrenalectomized animals chose saline, drinking more and more pari passu with time. Other short-term enucleated animals were injected with ACTH, and the tendency for the regenerating cortex to form in 'fascicles' was very pronounced.

SOME ASPECTS OF ZONATION AND FUNCTION OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
I. CHESTER JONES ◽  
C. C. ROBY
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Water Output ◽  
And Function ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

SUMMARY Male adult mice, 80 days after hypophysectomy, show approximately the same pattern of sodium and potassium intake and sodium, potassium and water output as normal mice. The healthy remnant of adrenal cortex left after the operation is thought to be responsible for the day-to-day competence of the hypophysectomized animal in salt-electrolyte metabolism. The histology of the cortex is described and it is shown that, with the injection of ACTH, a cortex of normal appearance can be regenerated from the persistent zona glomerulosa of the long-term hypophysectomized mouse.

SOME ASPECTS OF ZONATION AND FUNCTION OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. CHESTER JONES ◽  
MARGARET H. SPALDING
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Functional Test ◽  
Normal Response ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
And Function ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Potassium Metabolism

SUMMARY Male adult rats whose adrenals were enucleated and allowed to regenerate showed in one group normal competence to handle administered water loads, and in another a slow diuresis after this functional test. In the latter case the predisposing factor is cortical insufficiency and not the absence of the medulla. Even those animals with regenerated enucleated adrenals, which gave a normal response to water loads, nevertheless still showed some differences from normal in regard to sodium and potassium metabolism. The histology of the adrenals in the different groups is described.

The stimulatory effect of endothelin-1 on regenerating adrenal cortex is reversed by nifedipine

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Wojciech Zieleniewski
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Factor ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Potent Vasoconstrictor

Abstract Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, was found to act in non-vascular tissues, for example it enhanced aldosterone output from adrenal zona glomerulosa. As the adrenal cortex is capable of regeneration after enucleation, it seemed of interest to study the effects of ET-1 on adrenocortical regeneration. The study was performed on adult rats subjected to left adrenal enucleation combined with contralateral adrenalectomy. Mitotic index was employed to assess the proliferation of regenerating adrenal cortex cells. Plasma corticosterone was measured by a standard RIA kit. ET-1 significantly raised the mitotic index of regenerating rat adrenal cortex by six days after surgery. On the other hand, nifedipine reduced the proliferation ratio and abolished the stimulatory influence of ET-1. Similarly, ET-1 enhanced corticosterone output from the regenerating adrenal cortex, and this could be prevented by the addition of nifedipine. This study has shown that ET-1 might act as a regulatory factor on the regenerating adrenal cortex via calcium channels. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 121–122

Long-term trophic action of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Robba ◽  
Piera Rebuffat ◽  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract. The effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on the rat adrenal cortex were investigated by coupled morphometric and radioimmunological techniques. Short-term α-MSH administration provoked a significant increase in the aldosterone plasma level along with a notable lipid droplet depletion in zona glomerulosa cells. Long-term α-MSH treatment induced a notable hypertrophy of zona glomerulosa cells and a further rise in the blood concentration of aldosterone. α-MSH did not affect zona fasciculata morphology and corticosterone plasma level. The possibility is discussed that α-MSH may be specifically involved in the control of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.

Age-related changes in the morphology and function of the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Belloni ◽  
P. Rebuffat ◽  
L.K. Malendowicz ◽  
G. Mazzocchi ◽  
S. Rocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Insulin sensitization with a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist prevents adrenocortical lipid infiltration and secretory changes induced by a high-sucrose diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Martinez Calejman ◽  
Juan M Di Gruccio ◽  
María E Mercau ◽  
Esteban M Repetto ◽  
Francisco Astort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Pparγ Agonist ◽  
Insulin Test ◽  
And Function

It has been hypothesized that deviations in glucocorticoid secretion and/or action may contribute to somatic and biochemical changes observed in patients with and animal models of insulin resistance (IR). In this study, we analyzed changes in rat adrenocortical function and morphology associated with the development of IR, generated in male adult rats by the addition of 30% sucrose to the drinking water. Caloric intake, body and adipose tissue weights, and biochemical parameters associated with IR were determined. Expression levels ofStar,Cyp11A1,Mc2r,Pparγ(Pparg), andCd36were evaluated by real-time PCR, histochemical analysis of the adrenal cortex was performed using Masson's trichrome and Sudan III staining, and corticosterone levels were measured by RIA. After 7 weeks of sucrose administration, higher serum glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels and an altered glycemic response to an i.p. insulin test were detected. Adrenal glands showed a neutral lipid infiltration. An increase inStar,Cyp11A1,Mc2r,PpargandCd36and a decrease inMc2rlevels were also found. Furthermore, sucrose-treated animals exhibited higher basal corticosterone levels and a blunted response to ACTH injection. Noteworthy, the adrenocortical (functional and histological) abnormalities were prevented in sucrose-treated rats by the simultaneous administration of an insulin-sensitizing PPARγ agonist. In conclusion, sucrose-induced IR affects adrenocortical morphology and function possibly via the generation of adipokines or lipid metabolites within the adrenal gland. These abnormalities are prevented by the administration of a PPARγ agonist by mechanisms involving both extra- and intra-adrenal effects.

Effects of prolactin administration on the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex: stereology and plasma hormone concentrations

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Claudia Robba ◽  
Piera Rebuffat ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Plasma Hormone ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells

Abstract. The effects of short and prolonged treatments with prolactin on the morphology and hormone secretion of the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa were investigated by coupled morphometric and radioimmunological techniques. Short-term prolactin administration did not alter plasma aldosterone concentration or zona glomerulosa morphology. Conversely, chronic prolactin treatment caused both a notable hypertrophy of zona glomerulosa cells and a significant rise in the blood level of aldosterone. The possibility is discussed that prolactin may be involved in the control of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.

Adrenocortical Ultrastructure in Ectopic Acth Syndrome

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 238-239
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
W. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Ectopic Acth Syndrome ◽  
Pituitary Neoplasms ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adrenocortical Cells ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Ectopic Acth ◽  
Ectopic Acth Production ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Secretion of ACTH by non-pituitary neoplasms is recognized with increasing frequency. While the clinical and biochemical changes associated with ectopic ACTH production have been extensively studied recently, relatively little attention was focused on the morphology of the adrenal cortex and, to our knowledge, the fine structure of the adrenocortical cells in cases of ectopic ACTH syndrome has not been described so far. We report here the electron microscopic findings in the adrenal cortex of a 50-year-old man with a pancreatic apudoma. The patient showed the characteristic clinical and biochemical features of ectopic ACTH syndrome and because of extensive hypercorticism, underwent bilateral adrenalectomy.By light microscopy, the adrenal cortices showed extensive compact cell hyperplasia and lipid depletion. The zona glomerulosa was present in small foci and, except for a few places, fasciculata cells were noted under the fibrous capsule.

ACUTE ENZYME HISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE ZONA GLOMERULOSA OF THE RAT ADRENAL CORTEX

1968 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-518
Author(s):  
J. D. Elema ◽  
M. J. Hardonk ◽  
Joh, Koudstaal ◽  
A. Arends
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Histochemical Changes

ABSTRACT Acute changes in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex were induced by peritoneal dialysis with 5 % glucose. Although less clear, the activity of 3β-ol-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase also seemed to increase as well. No changes were seen in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase. Dialysis with 0.9 % NaCl had no effect on any of the enzymes investigated. The possible significance of these observations is discussed.

Compensatory growth of pancreatic beta-cells in adult rats after short-term glucose infusion

Diabetes ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bonner-Weir ◽  
D. Deery ◽  
J. L. Leahy ◽  
G. C. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Rats
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