Effects of prolactin administration on the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex: stereology and plasma hormone concentrations

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Claudia Robba ◽  
Piera Rebuffat ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Plasma Hormone ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells

Abstract. The effects of short and prolonged treatments with prolactin on the morphology and hormone secretion of the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa were investigated by coupled morphometric and radioimmunological techniques. Short-term prolactin administration did not alter plasma aldosterone concentration or zona glomerulosa morphology. Conversely, chronic prolactin treatment caused both a notable hypertrophy of zona glomerulosa cells and a significant rise in the blood level of aldosterone. The possibility is discussed that prolactin may be involved in the control of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.

An ultrastructural stereologic study of the effects of angiotensin II on the zona glomerulosa of rat adrenal cortex

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Piera Rebuffat ◽  
Anna S. Belloni ◽  
Claudia Robba ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells

Abstract. The effects of angiotensin II on the rat zona glomerulosa were investigated by morphometric and radio-immunological methods. Short-term (l h) angiotensin-administration induced lipid depletion in zona glomerulosa cells and a significant rise in the plasma aldosterone concentration. Chronic angiotensin-treatment provoked a noticeable increase in the volume of the zona glomerulosa and its cells, which was mainly due to the hypertrophy of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial compartment. In chronically treated animals the output of aldosterone in response to a short-term stimulation with angiotensin II displayed a significant increase. These findings are interpreted as indicating that angiotensin II is involved in the stimulation of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of the rat zona glomerulosa.

Long-term trophic action of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Robba ◽  
Piera Rebuffat ◽  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract. The effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on the rat adrenal cortex were investigated by coupled morphometric and radioimmunological techniques. Short-term α-MSH administration provoked a significant increase in the aldosterone plasma level along with a notable lipid droplet depletion in zona glomerulosa cells. Long-term α-MSH treatment induced a notable hypertrophy of zona glomerulosa cells and a further rise in the blood concentration of aldosterone. α-MSH did not affect zona fasciculata morphology and corticosterone plasma level. The possibility is discussed that α-MSH may be specifically involved in the control of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.

Neuropeptide Y modulates the sensitivity of the rat adrenal cortex to stimulation by ACTH

1995 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Hinson ◽  
L A Cameron ◽  
S Kapas
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells

Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been identified in nerves supplying the adrenal cortex of several mammalian species, although its function in this tissue is unknown. The present studies, employing adrenocortical cells prepared by collagenase digestion, have shown that NPY, in the absence of other stimulants, has no effect on steroid secretion by the rat adrenal over a range of peptide concentrations (10−11 to 10 −6 mol/l). However, in the presence of physiological concentrations of ACTH, which are submaximal for the stimulation of aldosterone secretion, NPY (10−6 mol/l) significantly enhanced the secretion rate of aldosterone by rat zona glomerulosa cells in response to ACTH. This effect was specific to the rat zona glomerulosa as NPY had no effect on the response to ACTH in rat zona fasciculata cells. The effect of NPY appears to be biphasic, however, as NPY significantly attenuated the steroidogenic response to supramaximal ACTH concentrations: in rat zona glomerulosa cells the aldosterone response to 10 −8 mol ACTH/l was significantly inhibited by NPY. The effect of NPY on the ACTH response appeared to be mediated by changes in the cAMP response. NPY had no effect on the steroidogenic response to potassium ions (K+), but enhanced the response to angiotensin II. NPY (10 −6 mol/l) significantly stimulated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) production although this concentration of peptide had no effect on steroid secretion. The effects of NPY on InsP3 production were additive with those of angiotensin II. These results suggest that the role of NPY in the adrenal cortex may be to regulate the sensitivity of the zona glomerulosa to peptide stimulation. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 145, 283–289

Age-related effects on the zona glomerulosa cells of the rat adrenal cortex

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-263
Author(s):  
H. Almeida ◽  
M. C. Magalhaes ◽  
M. M. Magalhaes
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells

The mechanism of the effect of K + on the steroidogenesis of rat zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex: role of cyclic AMP

1986 ◽  
Vol 227 (1246) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Free Concentration ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of various concentrations of extracellular K + (3.6 - 13 mM) on the steroid (corticosterone and aldosterone) and cyclic AMP outputs of capsular cells (95% zona glomerulosa) of the rat adrenal cortex were studied at different concentrations of extracellular Ca 2+ . Small amounts of EGTA (50 μM) were added to reduce the free Ca 2+ concentrations effectively to zero at the lowest possible total Ca 2+ concentration. At a total extracellular concentration of 2.5 mM Ca 2+ , in 27 experiments the mean values of the steroid and cAMP outputs showed a maximum at 8.4 mM K + . The increase in steroid and cAMP outputs at 5.9, 8.4 and 13 mM K + compared with that at 3.6 mM were highly significant ( p < 0.01). The overall correlation of either corticosterone or aldosterone with cAMP outputs was also highly significant and was even better from 3.6 to 8.4 mM K + . Lowering the effective free concentration of Ca 2+ to zero decreased the steroid and cAMP outputs significantly at all K + concentrations, and no output was then significantly higher than at 3.6 mM. With the pooled data on outputs at all total Ca 2+ (2.5, 0.5, 0.25, 0.10, 0.05 and 0.0 mM) and K + (3.6, 5.9, 8.4 and 13 mM) concentrations, the correlation of either steroid with cAMP outputs was highly significant (but again optimally from 3.6 to 8.4 mM K + ). Nifedipine (10 -6 to 10 -4 M) was added to the incubations with the aim of specifically inhibiting Ca 2+ influx at total extracellular Ca 2+ concentra­tions of 2.5, 1.25 and 0.25 mM and with the usual K + concentrations. The cAMP outputs were reduced at all K + concentrations above 3.6 mM K + . The effect was highly significant at 10 -4 M nifedipine and a total Ca 2+ of 1.25 mM, which with the incubation conditions used, corresponds to the free Ca 2+ concentrations in vivo . These results indicate that cAMP plays a significant role in the stimulation of steroid output by K + particularly between 3.6 and 8.4 mM K + . In this range of K + concentrations the stimulation of cAMP seems to be controlled by increases in Ca 2+ influx. The correlation of steroid and cAMP output at the higher K + concentra­tions (between 8.4 and 13 mM K) and at the various total Ca 2+ concentra­tions is less significant. Also, with all concentrations of added nifedipine there is an ‘anomalous’ increase in steroid output at 13 mM K + and at total Ca 2+ concentrations of 2.5 and 1.25 mM. However, at the same K + concentrations and at 0.25 mM Ca 2+ , nifedipine decreases steroid outputs. Our previous data, obtained after addition of maximally effective amounts of cAMP, indicated that there were also non-cAMP mechanisms involved in the stimulation of steroidogenesis by K + in z. g. cells. The present data confirm this conclusion, particularly at K + concentrations above 8.4 mM. They also indicate that at these higher K + concentrations, by non-cAMP mechanisms increasing intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations probably inhibit steroidogenesis. We conclude, however, that in the physiological range of K + concentra­tions, the role of cAMP in zona glomerulosa cells is at least comparable in importance to that of non-cAMP mechanisms.

Effect of ACTH or zinc treatment on plasma aldosterone and corticosterone levels and on the in vitro steroid output from adrenocortical cells

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1058-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Payet ◽  
Jean-Guy Lehoux
Keyword(s):  
Day Treatment ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Zinc Hydroxide ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Adrenocortical Cells ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells

We have studied the effect of in vivo treatment with two forms of ACTH (Synacthen and Duracton) and of zinc hydroxide on plasma corticosteroid levels from adult Long Evans female rats. The corticosteroid output by isolated zona glomerulosa cells in vitro was also studied. Dose–response experiments showed that, after 2 days of treatment, Synacthen caused a 2.5- and 25.9-fold increase in plasma aldosterone and corticosterone levels, respectively, while maximal increases of 1.7- and 5.6-fold were obtained following treatment with Duracton. In contrast to elevated plasma steroid levels, the basal aldosterone and corticosterone output by isolated zona glomerulosa cells was significantly decreased for all doses of Synacthen administered. The 8 IU/day treatment with Synacthen produced an 86% diminution of aldosterone output while a treatment of 32 IU/day with Duracton gave only a 48.8% decrease. Concomitantly the Synacthen treatment provoked a high mitotic response in the zona glomerulosa cells (fivefold over control). A 2-week treatment with Synacthen resulted in elevated plasma aldosterone and corticosterone levels and produced a 92% diminution of aldosterone output by isolated zona glomerulosa cells. The aldosterone and corticosterone output from these cells was not enhanced by the addition of ACTH in the incubation media; zona glomerulosa cells of animals treated with Synacthen were no longer responsive to ACTH stimulation in vitro. The effect of a 2-day treatment with zinc hydroxide on plasma aldosterone and corticosterone levels and on steroid output by isolated adrenocortical cells was different from that of Synacthen. This meant that zinc was not the active principle of the Synacthen preparation. Our results indicate that long-term treatment with ACTH provokes profound functional changes at the adrenocortical zona glomerulosa level.

scholarly journals Role of voltage-gated calcium channels in the regulation of aldosterone production from zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex

2016 ◽  
Vol 594 (20) ◽  
pp. 5851-5860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Q. Barrett ◽  
Nick A. Guagliardo ◽  
Peter M. Klein ◽  
Changlong Hu ◽  
David T. Breault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Voltage Gated Calcium Channels ◽  
Aldosterone Production ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells
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