scholarly journals Helpers increase daily survival rate of Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) nests during the incubation stage

10.1676/17-46 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Eduardo S. A. Santos ◽  
Regina H. Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Incubation Stage ◽  
Daily Survival

scholarly journals Helpers increase daily survival rate of Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) nests during the incubation stage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S. A. Santos ◽  
Regina H. Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Incubation Stage ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
Model Weight

AbstractCooperative breeding is characterized by reproduction in the presence of helpers. What impact these helpers have on the reproductive success of group members is one of the long-standing questions in the cooperative breeding literature. In cooperative species, helpers are known to provide benefits during multiple stages or at a particular stage of the reproductive cycle. The aim of this study was to investigate whether helpers increased the daily survival rate of nests during the incubation stage in the Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis), a crested plover with a cooperative breeding system. Southern Lapwings have a variable mating system, with some breeding groups composed of unassisted pairs, and others that breed in the presence of helpers. Our best supported model indicated a positive effect of the presence of helpers on the daily survival rate of nests, leading to a probability of nest success (i.e., survival until hatching) of 83%, compared to 51% for nests of unassisted pairs. But a null model had a similar model weight as the best supported model and was the second-best model. Our study provides evidence that helpers influence egg survival during the egg-incubation stage, which could influence the fitness of breeders.

Daily survival rate for nests of Black Skimmers from a core breeding area of the southeastern USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian L. Brooks ◽  
Felicia J. Sanders ◽  
Patrick D. Gerard ◽  
Patrick G. R. Jodice
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Breeding Area ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Daily Survival

Nest daily survival rate of six Costa Rican urban birds

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José D. Ramírez-Fernández ◽  
Gilbert Barrantes
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Urban Birds ◽  
Daily Survival

scholarly journals Does human hair attract or deter potential ground nest predators?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Jenő J. Purger ◽  
Zsófia Szegleti ◽  
Dávid Szép
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Pass Through

AbstractThe nests of rare and threatened bird and reptile species that breed on the ground are often attempted to be protected from predators with fences, grids, and various repellent materials. Results of some experiments refer to the repellent function of human scent, whereas others suggest that it has an attractive role. We aimed to investigate how effectively ground nests can be protected from predators if human hair is placed around nests. We performed the experiment in a riverine oak-elm-ash forest using 90 artificial nests, each with 1 quail and 1 plasticine egg: 30 nests were protected with a game fence, 30 nests were surrounded with human hair and 30 nests were unprotected (control). During the 24 days, predators damaged 23% of the nests protected by a game fence, 40% of unprotected nests and 47% of the nests surrounded with hair. The daily survival rate of quail eggs in nests protected with a game fence was significantly higher than the ones in the nests surrounded with human hair. Only 18% of the quail eggs and 36% of plasticine eggs were damaged. Such difference can be explained by the fact that small-bodied birds and mammals could pass through the game fence and left traces on plasticine eggs but they were unable to crack the shell of quail eggs. Within the game fence, denser vegetation can provide better nesting conditions and result in greater breeding success. The repellent role of human hair has not been proved, on the contrary, in some cases we have observed signs of its attractant role, such as small-bodied birds took hair away for nest building.

LOCAL DISPERSAL OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) MOTHS DETERMINED BY MARK, RELEASE, AND RECAPTURE

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Local Dispersal

AbstractLocal dispersal and survival of male spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), moths under field conditions was determined by mark, release, and recapture in pheromone-baited traps. Recapture rates and distance of recapture were dependent upon height of traps and proximity of traps to the release point, but over 65% of those recaptured were caught within 50 m. With traps 20 m apart, 30% of the recaptures were in traps farthest from the release point (50–70 m), a fact which suggests that male spruce budworm may disperse beyond this distance at low densities. Males were recaptured up to 7 days after release, and had a daily survival rate averaging 67%.

scholarly journals Correcting Nesting-Success Estimates for Observer Effects: Maximum-Likelihood Estimates of Daily Survival Rates With Reduced Bias

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay J. Rotellam ◽  
Mark L. Taper ◽  
Andrew J. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Nesting Success ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Observer Effect ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Observer Effects ◽  
Competing Models

AbstractWe develop a statistical method that simultaneously estimates daily survival rate and observer effect. We used Monte Carlo simulation to (1) evaluate the performance of the model, (2) compare model performance with models that ignore observer effects, and (3) evaluate methods of choosing between competing models of survival. When observer effects were absent, all models produced unbiased estimates of daily survival rate. In the presence of observer effects, however, models that ignore these effects underestimated daily survival rate. In such cases, estimates of nesting success were strongly affected even when observer effects were relatively small. In contrast, estimates of daily survival rate and nesting success produced by the model that considers observer effects consistently had little bias. However, estimates of daily survival rate from this model were less precise than those from the simpler model. Objective criteria for choosing between competing models did not perform well with sample sizes of 150 to 600 because subtle but important observer effects are difficult to detect. Likelihood-ratio tests had low power for rejecting the null hypothesis of no observer effect over a wide range of levels of observer effect and with sample sizes of 150 to 600. Estimates of daily survival rate from models selected based on Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) had higher bias than estimates from the model that estimates observer effect when observer effect was present. Estimates from AIC-selected models had lower mean squared error than estimates from the model that estimates observer effect when observer effects were small, but the pattern reversed as effects increased. We recommend that researchers estimate observer effects using the more complex model when observer effects are possible and decide whether to use estimates of daily survival from the simpler or more complex model based on analysis results and simulation or analytic results for relevant sample sizes, daily survival rates, and observer effects. To illustrate use of the analytical techniques, we analyzed field data from Dusky Flycatcher (Empidonax oberholseri) nests monitored during the nestling stage. The observer effect was estimated to be 1.003 (95% CI 0.866 to 1.162); thus, point estimates of daily survival were very similar from the simpler (0.971; 95% CI 0.957 to 0.985) and more complex model (0.970; 95% CI 0.925 to 1.000). In this case, analysis results and simulation results indicate that the simpler model is adequate and provides an estimate of daily survival rate with small potential bias and increased precision compared with an estimate from the more complex model.

Daily Survival Rate for Nests and Chicks of Least Terns (Sternula antillarum) at Natural Nest Sites in South Carolina

Waterbirds ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian L. Brooks ◽  
Felicia J. Sanders ◽  
Patrick D. Gerard ◽  
Patrick G. R. Jodice
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Least Terns ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Natural Nest

scholarly journals Artificial incubation, egg replacement and adoptive parents in bird management: a test with Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONARA LOBO ◽  
MIGUEL ÂNGELO MARINI
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Nest Success ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Artificial Incubation

SummaryReducing the time that birds’ eggs are exposed during incubation in the wild is a management strategy with the potential to reduce nest predation rates, enhance breeding success and increase the population size of endangered species. We tested whether manipulation of clutches through artificial incubation of Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis eggs and subsequent reintroduction of new-born nestlings to their original nest, and the use of adoptive parents, were efficient ways of increasing the population size of this species. We evaluated the financial cost and benefit of three different management strategies of artificial egg incubation with reintroduction of nestlings to the original nest. We searched for nests and manipulated eggs during the breeding seasons of 2009 and 2010 in a savanna reserve in central Brazil. Real eggs were replaced by artificial eggs and artificially incubated. The following breeding parameters were monitored: hatching rate, fledgling productivity, daily survival rate of nestlings and nest success. The effect of nest monitoring frequency (daily or every 3–4 days) on breeding parameters was also tested. Hatching rate was much higher amongst artificially incubated eggs than naturally incubated eggs. Artificially incubated clutches presented higher rates of fledgling production and apparent nest success than non-manipulated clutches. Clutch manipulation did not interfere with nestling daily survival rate. Daily monitoring did not have negative effects. The clutch manipulation methodology we used proved to be viable and is a potential tool for increasing population size.

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