Breeding Biology and Brood Reduction of Herons and Ibis in a Northern Brazilian Mangrove Swamp: Eggs Do Not Starve

Waterbirds ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Carlos Martínez ◽  
Ana C. Miranda ◽  
Xavier Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Brood Reduction ◽  
Mangrove Swamp

scholarly journals Video-monitoring helps to optimize the rescue of second-hatched chicks in the endangered Bearded VultureGypaetus barbatus

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONI MARGALIDA ◽  
DIEGO GARCÍA ◽  
RAFAEL HEREDIA ◽  
JOAN BERTRAN
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Video Monitoring ◽  
Brood Reduction ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Sibling Aggression ◽  
Bearded Vulture ◽  
Prey Items ◽  
Ne Spain

SummaryFrom 2000–2008 we used transmitting video cameras to document the breeding biology of the endangered Bearded Vulture in the Pyrenees (NE Spain), focusing the study on sibling aggression. Our goals were to study the feasibility of rescuing second-hatched chicks for conservation purposes in this species that shows obligate brood reduction. The age at which the second chick died varied between 4 and 9 days (n= 5). Prey items delivered per hour were not related to the survival time of the second chick or the aggressiveness of the first-hatched chick towards their sibling. Although sibling aggression generally began on day 1 after hatching, in two nests supplemented with food, aggression was delayed until the second and third day after hatching and the second chick survived for nine days. Our results on the death of the second chick and the test involving the rescuing of a second-hatched chick aged five days, suggest that the recommended age for intervention should be between 3 and 6 days, with 4–5 days probably being the optimal age for the rescue.

Kingfishers in paradise: the breeding biology of Tanysiptera sylvia at the Iron Range National Park, Cape York

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Legge ◽  
Sarah Legge ◽  
Robert Heinsohn ◽  
Robert Heinsohn
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Brood Reduction ◽  
Iron Range ◽  
North East ◽  
Pair Bonds ◽  
Breeding Territory ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Second Clutch

We describe the breeding biology and site fidelity of the buff-breasted paradise kingfisher (Tanysiptera sylvia), which migrates each year from New Guinea to breed in north-east Australia. In a three-year study at the Iron Range National Park in Cape York, Australia, we collected data from 91 breeding attempts (49 territories), and banded 77 adults and 101 nestlings (47 broods) to determine site fidelity. Paradise kingfishers arrived at Iron Range when the first major rains fell after the dry season. They nested exclusively in terrestrial termitaria, avoiding mounds that were too small, too close to a neighbouring territory, or mounds where the termites were absent. They were single-brooded, but laid a second clutch if their first attempt failed early. Clutch size was usually three, incubation lasted 25 days, nestlings hatched asynchronously and fledged after 27 days. Of 114 nestlings, 48.2% were male. Each breeding territory produced an average of 1.5 fledglings per year. The main factors influencing nesting success were predation, which ended 33% of all attempts, and brood reduction, which affected 24% of nests. Hatch failure was rare (3.2%). Birds were sexually mature at one year. Nearly half of the breeding adults banded in the first year of the study were still alive two years later, making them at least four years old. The return rates of banded adults varied among years (56–84%), but were similar for the two sexes. Returning birds almost always settled on the same territory with the same partner as the previous year, thus they formed long-term pair-bonds. In all, 7% of breeding pairs were assisted at the nest by an additional male, who was probably not their offspring.

scholarly journals Breeding Biology of the Thorn-Tailed Rayadito (Furnariidae) in South-Temperate Rainforests of Chile

The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Moreno ◽  
Santiago Merino ◽  
Rodrigo A. Vásquez ◽  
Juan J. Armesto
Keyword(s):  
Food Limitation ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Brood Reduction ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Nestling Growth ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Historia De Vida ◽  
Temperate Rainforests

Abstract We conducted a study of the breeding biology of the Thorn-tailed Rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda) in secondary forests on the continental island of Chiloé (42° S), southern Chile. Rayaditos are small insectivorous furnariids inhabiting the south-temperate forests of Chile and Argentina. We followed the reproduction of rayadito pairs breeding in nest-boxes. Rayaditos build their nests mainly of rhizomes and stems of epiphytic vines, grasses, and hairs during periods of at least a week, and show a marked population asynchrony in laying dates of more than two months (October–December). Rayaditos lay clutches of 3–6 eggs with a mode of 4 and laying occurs on alternate days. Eggs are 50% larger and hatchlings are 30% larger than expected from allometric equations. Most broods hatch synchronously. Nestling growth curves adjust well to logistic functions and at 2 weeks nestlings attain masses similar to asymptotic values. Nestling growth, which occurs over 3 weeks, is 27% slower than expected from allometry. Fledglings attain adult size with respect to tarsus length, but have less developed plumage and higher body mass than adults. Rayaditos exhibit clutch and brood reduction, suggesting possible food limitation. The protracted breeding periods may preclude second breeding attempts for most pairs in Chiloé. There is evidence for declines in parental quality with season. The low seasonal fecundity, large eggs, and prolonged dependence periods of a truly south-temperate species like the Thorn-tailed Rayadito reflect a ‘slow’ life history similar to that of tropical passerines. Biología Reproductiva de Aphrastura spinicauda (Furnariidae) en Bosques Lluviosos Templados Meridionales de Chile Resumen. Realizamos un estudio de la biología reproductiva del Rayadito Aphrastura spinicauda en bosques secundarios de la isla continental de Chiloé (42° S), sur de Chile. Este pequeño furnárido insectívoro habita los bosques templados meridionales de Chile y Argentina. Seguimos las actividades reproductivas de parejas de rayaditos que utilizaron cajas artificiales para nidificar. Los rayaditos construyen sus nidos utilizando rizomas, hierbas y pelo durante períodos de al menos una semana, y muestran una marcada asincronía a nivel de población de más de dos meses (octubre a diciembre) en el inicio de la puesta. Las puestas incluyen de 3 a 6 huevos, con un tamaño modal de 4 huevos, los cuales son puestos en días alternos. Los huevos son 50% más grandes y los polluelos recién eclosionados 30% más grandes de lo esperado según ecuaciones alométricas. La mayoría de las nidadas eclosionan sincrónicamente. Las curvas de crecimiento se ajustan bien a funciones logísticas y el peso alcanza valores asintóticos a las dos semanas. El crecimiento de los polluelos, que ocurre durante un período de permanencia en el nido de tres semanas, es un 27% más lento de lo esperado por alometría. Los volantones alcanzan el tamaño adulto con respecto a la longitud de tarso, pero presentan un plumaje menos desarrollado y un mayor peso que los adultos. Esta especie presenta casos de reducción de la puesta o de la nidada, lo que sugiere posibles limitaciones en la disponibilidad de alimentos. Los prolongados períodos de reproducción pueden impedir el inicio de segundas puestas en Chiloé. Hay evidencia de disminuciones estacionales en la calidad parental. La baja fecundidad anual, el gran tamaño de los huevos y el prolongado periodo de crecimiento del Rayadito refleja una historia de vida ‘lenta’ similar a la de paseriformes tropicales.

Maguari Stork Nesting: Juvenile Growth and Behavior

The Auk ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy Trent Thomas
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Brood Reduction ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Fledging Success ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Tropical South America

Abstract Although it has a wide range in tropical South America, the Maguari Stork (Ciconia maguari) is poorly known. In an 11-yr study of its breeding biology in the llanos of Venezuela I found the mean clutch size for 3 yr to be 3.2 eggs. The young hatched asynchronously at 29-32 days and usually made their first flight at 60-72 days. Data on egg sizes, weights, and a probable dump egg are given. The weight and growth of two siblings, plumage succession, and nestling and fledgling behaviors are described. The fledging success of eggs from 55 nests, over 9 yr, was 61%. Loss of eggs (presumably from snake predation) was higher than nestling loss. Although the asynchronously hatched young in a clutch varied greatly in weight and continued this difference throughout nestling life, no case of brood reduction was found in 123 nests during the study. Nestlings were fed mainly frogs and tadpoles, fish, eels, and aquatic rats; food classes and food sizes brought by adults varied with the age of their young. Maguari Stork nestlings do not grasp with their hallux and so are confined to their nests until they can fly. I suggest that the two black plumages of nestlings, between the white hatching down and the white first basic plumage, are for crypsis of the nest-bound young.

Observation on the breeding biology of Polypedates teraiensis (Dubois, 1987) (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Jacinta Lalchhanhimi ◽  
Lalremsanga H.T.
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Advertisement Calls ◽  
Males And Females

The breeding biology of tree frog, Polypedates teraiensis was studied during the breeding season at Mizoram University Campus. It was found that sound production by male during the breeding season was primarily a reproductive function and advertisement calls attract females to the breeding areas and announce other males that a given territory is occupied. The aim of this study was to provide the detailed information on the breeding behaviour and the advertisement calls of Polypedates teraiensis. The morphometric measurements of the amplecting pairs (males and females) for sexual dimorphism along with clutch sizes were also studied.

Breeding biology of a high altitudinal Aethopyga sunbird in southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (37-38) ◽  
pp. 2381-2390
Author(s):  
Dan Liang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Ge Gao ◽  
Xu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Southwestern China

scholarly journals Preparing for translocations of a Critically Endangered petrel through targeted monitoring of nest survival and breeding biology

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Johannes H. Fischer ◽  
Heiko U. Wittmer ◽  
Graeme A. Taylor ◽  
Igor Debski ◽  
Doug P. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Nest Survival ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Breeding Phenology ◽  
Chick Survival ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Burrow Density

Abstract The population of the recently-described Whenua Hou diving petrel Pelecanoides whenuahouensis comprises c. 200 adults that all breed in a single 0.018 km2 colony in a dune system vulnerable to erosion. The species would therefore benefit from the establishment of a second breeding population through a translocation. However, given the small size of the source population, it is essential that translocations are informed by carefully targeted monitoring data. We therefore modelled nest survival at the remaining population in relation to potential drivers (distance to sea and burrow density of conspecifics and a competitor) across three breeding seasons with varying climatic conditions as a result of the southern oscillation cycle. We also documented breeding phenology and burrow attendance, and measured chicks, to generate growth curves. We estimated egg survival at 0.686, chick survival at 0.890, overall nest survival at 0.612, and found no indication that nest survival was affected by distance to sea or burrow density. Whenua Hou diving petrels laid eggs in mid October, eggs hatched in late November, and chicks fledged in mid January at c. 86% of adult weight. Burrow attendance (i.e. feeds) decreased from 0.94 to 0.65 visits per night as chicks approached fledging. Nest survival and breeding biology were largely consistent among years despite variation in climate. Nest survival estimates will facilitate predictions about future population trends and suitability of prospective translocation sites. Knowledge of breeding phenology will inform the timing of collection of live chicks for translocation, and patterns of burrow attendance combined with growth curves will structure hand-rearing protocols. A tuhinga whakarāpopoto (te reo Māori abstract) can be found in the Supplementary material.

Determination of trace metal(loid)s in mangrove swamp sediments in relation to its adjacent host rocks of South Andaman, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Shankar Venkatesan ◽  
Neelam Purti ◽  
Kaviarasan Thanamegam ◽  
Baskaran Ram ◽  
Dharanirajan Kesavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
South Andaman ◽  
Host Rocks
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