Water from Urban Streams Slows Growth and Speeds Metamorphosis in Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) Larvae

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Barrett ◽  
C. Guyer ◽  
D. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Streams ◽  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

scholarly journals FOWLER'S TOAD (BUFO FOWLERI, PUTNAM)

Science ◽  
1907 ◽  
Vol 26 (664) ◽  
pp. 383-384
Author(s):  
H. A. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

The Status of Fowler's Toad, Bufo fowleri Putnam

1916 ◽  
Vol 50 (600) ◽  
pp. 757-763
Author(s):  
H. A. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

THE SONG OF FOWLER'S TOAD (BUFO FOWLERI PUTNAM)

Science ◽  
1916 ◽  
Vol 44 (1144) ◽  
pp. 790-790
Author(s):  
E. R. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

Frequency of exogenous hormone therapy impacts spermiation in male Fowler’s toad (Bufo fowleri)

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin E. McDonough ◽  
Michelle W. Martin ◽  
Carrie K. Vance ◽  
Judith A. Cole ◽  
Andrew J. Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

Amphibians are experiencing a global extinction crisis and captive assurance colonies, along with reintroduction programs, are necessary to prevent further losses. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), such as hormone-stimulated gamete collection and in vitro fertlisation (IVF), are conservation methods that can be used to increase reproductive output for breeding and reintroduction programs when animals fail to breed naturally. In order to maximise the production of offspring using ART, it is important to establish the physiological limitations on the frequency that hormone therapy can be used to collect gametes for IVF or assisted breeding. The present study examined the effects of the frequency of hormone-induced spermiation on sperm quantity and quality in Fowler’s toad (Bufo fowleri) by comparing four levels of hormone injection frequencies: twice a week, once a week, every other week, and every 3 weeks. Sperm release was induced with an intraperitoneal injection of 300 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Spermatozoa were collected at three time points after injection (5, 7 and 9 h) and sperm concentration, motility and quality of forward progressive movement were measured. A significant decrease in sperm concentration (P < 0.01) was observed with the most frequent treatment (twice a week hormone injections). However, there was no negative effect of the treatments on sperm motility (P = 0.06) or forward movement (P = 0.06). We also observed a significant decrease in the concentration (P < 0.01), motility (P = 0.02) and quality of forward progressive movement (P = 0.01) of spermatozoa at the 9 h collection compared with earlier collection times. These results have clear implications for amphibian captive breeding programs, where more frequent hormone-induced spermiation could have a negative effect on male performance. We recommend that hormone injections be spaced a minimum of 2 weeks apart to optimise the health of the animals, assisted breeding, IVF or collection of gametes for genome resource banking.

Improving calling surveys for detecting Fowler's toad, Bufo fowleri, in southern New England, USA

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Tupper ◽  
Brad Timm ◽  
Amy Goodstine ◽  
Robert Cook
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

Effects of aeration and antibiotics on short-term storage of Fowler's toad (Bufo fowleri) sperm

Aquaculture ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 396-399 ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Germano ◽  
Lucía Arregui ◽  
Andy J. Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Bufo Fowleri ◽  
Short Term Storage ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Term Storage

Postmetamorphic growth rates in a natural population of Fowler's toad, Bufo woodhousei fowleri

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1489-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond D. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Bufo Woodhousei ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

A population of Fowler's toad (Bufo woodhousei fowleri) living on a golf course in New Haven, Connecticut, was studied for 3 years by the capture–mark–recapture method. Individual growth rates were determined using tibia length, which is isometric with body length, as the measure of size. Growth was rapid, with an average 6.58-fold length increase during the 1st year after metamorphosis. Males began to show secondary sexual characteristics about 1 year after metamorphosis; at this age the cohort began to overlap in body size with the older males. Females grew faster than males, but also reached a larger size, and the body sizes of the maturing female cohort began to overlap with the older females 1 month later than the males. The growth curve for length was inflected, which is predicted by von Bertalanffy's growth model.

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