Whole-Body Oxygen (16O) Ion-Exposure-Induced Impairments in Social Odor Recognition Memory in Rats are Dose and Time Dependent

2018 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Mange ◽  
Yuqing Cao ◽  
SiYuan Zhang ◽  
Robert D. Hienz ◽  
Catherine M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Odor Recognition ◽  
Social Odor

scholarly journals The Medial Prefrontal Cortex is Involved in Social Odor Recognition Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Granata ◽  
Siobhan Robinson ◽  
Robert D. Hienz ◽  
Catherine M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Odor Recognition ◽  
Social Odor

scholarly journals Short and Long-Term Changes in Social Odor Recognition and Plasma Cytokine Levels Following Oxygen (16O) Ion Radiation Exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carli Jones ◽  
Ami Mange ◽  
Lauren Granata ◽  
Benjamin Johnson ◽  
Robert Hienz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Odor Recognition ◽  
Social Processing ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Social Odor

Future long-duration space missions will involve travel outside of the Earth’s magnetosphere protection and will result in astronauts being exposed to high energy and charge (HZE) ions and protons. Exposure to this type of radiation can result in damage to the central nervous system and deficits in numerous cognitive domains that can jeopardize mission success. Social processing is a cognitive domain that is important for people living and working in groups, such as astronauts, but it has received little attention in terms of HZE ion exposure. In the current study, we assessed the effects of whole-body oxygen ion (16O; 1000 MeV/n) exposure (1 or 10 cGy) on social odor recognition memory in male Long-Evans rats at one and six months following exposure. Radiation exposure did not affect rats’ preferences for a novel social odor experienced during Habituation at either time point. However, rats exposed to 10 cGy displayed short and long-term deficits in 24-h social recognition. In contrast, rats exposed to 1 cGy only displayed long-term deficits in 24-h social recognition. While an age-related decrease in Ki67+ staining (a marker of cell proliferation) was found in the subventricular zone, it was unaffected by radiation exposure. At one month following exposure, plasma KC/GRO (CXCL1) levels were elevated in the 1 cGy rats, but not in the 10 cGy rats, suggesting that peripheral levels of this cytokine could be associated with intact social recognition at earlier time points following radiation exposure. These results have important implications for long-duration missions and demonstrate that behaviors related to social processing could be negatively affected by HZE ion exposure.

Class I HDAC inhibition improves object recognition memory consolidation through BDNF/TrkB pathway in a time-dependent manner

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 108493
Author(s):  
Gerardo Ramirez-Mejia ◽  
Elvi Gil-Lievana ◽  
Oscar Urrego-Morales ◽  
Ernesto Soto-Reyes ◽  
Federico Bermúdez-Rattoni
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Class I ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hdac Inhibition ◽  
Object Recognition Memory

45 Unravelling the Unique Burn-induced Temporal Alterations in Adipose Tissue Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S30-S30
Author(s):  
Carly M Knuth ◽  
Chris Auger ◽  
Abdikarim Abdullahi ◽  
Marc G Jeschke
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Browning

Abstract Introduction A severe burn elicits a systemic hypermetabolic response that substantially alters the function of multiple organs and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. A consequence of hypermetabolism is the activation of UCP1-mediated browning of white adipose tissue (WAT), which may further facilitate the hypermetabolic response. In this study, we aimed to provide comprehensive characterization of the acute and long term pathophysiological responses to burns to determine the persistence of adipose tissue browning and its potential contribution to the hypermetabolic response. Methods Mice were subjected to either a 30% total body surface area (TBSA) scald burn or were denoted sham. Body weight and food intake were monitored throughout the duration of the study. Cohorts were sacrificed at 6hrs, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30 and 60d post-burn and adipose tissue depots were harvested. Mitochondrial respiration, protein expression, and morphology in adipose tissues were assessed. Results Despite consuming considerably more food, the burn group lost significantly more weight throughout the duration of the study. We also detected increases in free fatty acids and interleukin-6, markers of whole-body lipolysis and inflammation, respectively. At the tissue level, eWAT mass significantly decreased over time, suggesting that this depot provides substrate to fuel the hypermetabolic response. This was further supported by a decrease in adipocyte area and an increase in lipolytic markers which remains significant up until 60d post-burn relative to sham. There were no significant difference in iWAT mass, however we detected significant increases in the protein content of UCP1, the master regulator of adipose tissue browning, as early as day 3 which persisted until day 60. This was corroborated by the presence of UCP1+ adipocytes. Conclusions Consistent with previous human studies, a burn injury elicits a dynamic response that cannot be simply characterized by a single timepoint. The alterations that occur in adipose tissue are depot-specific, time-dependent, and this notion likely extends to other metabolic tissues. Further, we demonstrate that in our 30% TBSA burn murine model, the effects of the hypermetabolic response persist for up to 60 days following initial injury. Applicability of Research to Practice Our data indicate the hypermetabolic response persists for up to 60 days, the equivalent of approximately 7 years in humans. This underscores the severity of adipose tissue browning and potentially provides an explanation as to how the hypermetabolic response persists even after the wound has healed. Moreover, providing a comprehensive map of the time-dependent changes in a murine model gives clinicians a better indication of the metabolic effects in a burn patient and will contribute to the development of effective, targeted treatments.

BIOKINETIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF RADIOIODINE-131 VIA IN VIVO GAMMA CAMERA/8-SLICE CT TECHNIQUE: CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF FELINE HYPERTHYROIDISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (08) ◽  
pp. 1840035
Author(s):  
CHIH-FENG CHEN ◽  
CHAO-HSUN CHUANG ◽  
PAO-CHEN TANG ◽  
NENG-CHUNG TSENG ◽  
LUNG-FA PAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Gamma Camera ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Biokinetic Model ◽  
Stomach Body ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: A biokinetic model of iodine in the thyroid was developed and applied to a case-control study of hyperthyroid cat undertaken the NaI-131 dose administration using a gamma camera/8-slice CT with the in vivo study. Methods: The case-control hyperthyroid cats were administered 55.5 or 3.7[Formula: see text]MBq of I-131 radioactive solution and continuously surveyed by a gamma camera. The scan schedule was preset as 5- or 10-min counting per each hour from the initial time to the sixth hour, then on the 24th, 48th and 72nd hours, respectively. An in-house developed program run in the MATLAB was applied to evaluate the biokinetic model of iodine in the thyroid, in compliance with the ICRP-30 report regulations. The model was defined by five compartments (namely: stomach, body fluid, thyroid, whole body, and excretion) and allowed one to simulate the variations of time-dependent I-131 radioactive concentration among various compartments of each study subject. The numerical simulation via MATLAB was compiled with the empirical evaluation to optimize the time-dependent concentration of I-131 within the above compartments. Results: The derived biological half-life values for stomach, body fluid, thyroid, whole body, and excretion, respectively, were as follows: 17, 3, 10, 5 and 140[Formula: see text]h for hyperthyroid cat, 18, 1, 8, 2, and 40[Formula: see text]h for control #1 cat, and 22, 2, 12, 4, and 20[Formula: see text]h for control #2 cat. The cumulative radioactive doses from both gamma-ray and beta particles were assessed via a simplified algorithm as 0.135, 0.0082, and 0.005 Gy, for hyperthyroid cat, control #1, and control #2 ones, respectively. Conclusion: The derived biokinetic model was found to be helpful in the evaluation of the metabolic mechanism in case of feline hyperthyroidism. The revealed deviations from available human biomodels can be used for refining the radioiodine treatment of pets with hyperthyroidism.

Vasopressin, oxytocin, and social odor recognition

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Wacker ◽  
Mike Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Odor Recognition ◽  
Social Odor

scholarly journals Time-Dependent Distribution of 203Hg-Mercury Compounds in Rat and Monkey as studied by Whole Body Autoradiography

Eisei kagaku ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-107
Author(s):  
TADAO TAKAHASHI ◽  
TETSUO KIMURA ◽  
YOSHISHIGE SATO ◽  
HIROTSUGU SHIRAKI ◽  
TYUNOSIN UKITA
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Whole Body Autoradiography

Time-dependent impact of glutamatergic modulators on the promnesiant effect of 5-HT 6 R blockade on mice recognition memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Asselot ◽  
Emmanuelle Simon-O’Brien ◽  
Sophie Lebourgeois ◽  
Gérald Nee ◽  
Virgile Delaunay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Time Dependent
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