scholarly journals Use of the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory to Conduct Charged Particle Radiobiology Studies Relevant to Ion Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 185 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn D. Held ◽  
Eleanor A. Blakely ◽  
Michael D. Story ◽  
Derek I. Lowenstein
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particle ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Ion Therapy ◽  
Radiation Laboratory

scholarly journals ∆E/∆E Measurements of Energetic Ions Using CVD Diamond Detectors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alghamdi ◽  
Lawrence Heilbronn ◽  
Luis A. Castellanos ◽  
Eric Lukosi
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Geant4 Simulation ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Energetic Ions ◽  
Radiation Laboratory ◽  
Good Agreement

Experimental and computational results of a ΔE/ΔE diamond detection system are presented. The ΔE/ΔE detection system was evaluated using energetic proton and iron beams striking thick polyethylene targets at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The measured data for diamond sensor A show good agreement with the Geant4 simulation. In addition, simulations have demonstrated the ability to identify hydrogen isotopes using a diamond detection system.

scholarly journals Approaches for Surveying Cosmic Radiation Damage in Large Populations of Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds – Antarctic Balloons and Particle Beams

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-73
Author(s):  
Brandon Califar ◽  
Rachel Tucker ◽  
Juliana Cromie ◽  
Natasha Sng ◽  
R. Austin Schmitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Long Duration

AbstractThe Cosmic Ray Exposure Sequencing Science (CRESS) payload system was a proof of concept experiment to assess the genomic impact of space radiation on seeds. CRESS was designed as a secondary payload for the December 2016 high-altitude, long-duration south polar balloon flight carrying the Boron and Carbon Cosmic Rays in the Upper Stratosphere (BACCUS) experiment. Investigation of the biological effects of Galactic Cosmic Radiation (GCR), particularly those of ions with High-Z and Energy (HZE), was of interest due to the genomic damage this type of radiation inflicts. The biological effects of radiation above Antarctica (ANT) were studied using Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and compared to a simulation of GCR at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and to laboratory control seeds. The CRESS payload was broadly designed to 1U CubeSat specifications (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm, ≤1.33 kg), maintained 1 atm internal pressure, and carried an internal cargo of 580,000 seeds and twelve CR-39 Solid-State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). Exposed BNL and ANT M0 seeds showed significantly reduced germination rates and elevated somatic mutation rates when compared to non-irradiated controls, with the BNL mutation rate also being higher than that of ANT. Genomic DNA from plants presenting distinct aberrant phenotypes was evaluated with whole-genome sequencing using PacBio SMRT technology, which revealed an array of structural genome variants in the M0 and M1 plants. This study was the first whole-genome characterization of space-irradiated seeds and demonstrated both the efficiency and efficacy of Antarctic long-duration balloons for the study of space radiation effects on eukaryote genomes.

Chemical and orientational imaging of polymeric samples

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
H. Ade ◽  
B. Hsiao ◽  
G. Mitchell ◽  
E. Rightor ◽  
A. P. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Polymeric Samples ◽  
X Ray Absorption

We have used the Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscope at beamline X1A (X1-STXM) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) to acquire high resolution, chemical and orientation sensitive images of polymeric samples as well as point spectra from 0.1 μm areas. This sensitivity is achieved by exploiting the X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) of the carbon K edge. One of the most illustrative example of the chemical sensitivity achievable is provided by images of a polycarbonate/pol(ethylene terephthalate) (70/30 PC/PET) blend. Contrast reversal at high overall contrast is observed between images acquired at 285.36 and 285.69 eV (Fig. 1). Contrast in these images is achieved by exploring subtle differences between resonances associated with the π bonds (sp hybridization) of the aromatic groups of each polymer. PET has a split peak associated with these aromatic groups, due to the proximity of its carbonyl groups to its aromatic rings, whereas PC has only a single peak.

scholarly journals Review of Practice for Deeply Embedded/Buried NPP Structures Subject to Seismic Loadings

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Xu ◽  
C. Miller ◽  
C. Hofmayer ◽  
H. Graves
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Nuclear Containment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Reactor Building ◽  
Seismic Loadings ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Regulatory Commission

Motivated by many design considerations, several conceptual designs for advanced reactors have proposed that the entire reactor building and a significant portion of the steam generator building will be either partially or completely embedded below grade. For the analysis of seismic events, the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effect and passive earth pressure for these types of deeply embedded structures will have a significant influence on the predicted seismic response. Sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is carrying out a research program to assess the significance of these proposed design features for advanced reactors, and to evaluate the existing analytical methods to determine their applicability and adequacy in capturing the seismic behavior of the proposed designs. This paper summarizes a literature review performed by BNL to determine the state of knowledge and practice for seismic analyses of deeply embedded and/or buried (DEB) nuclear containment type structures. Included in the paper is BNL’s review of the open literature of existing standards, tests, and practices that have been used in the design and analysis of DEB structures. The paper also provides BNL’s evaluation of available codes and guidelines with respect to seismic design practice of DEB structures. Based on BNL’s review, a discussion is provided to highlight the applicability of the existing technologies for seismic analyses of DEB structures and to identify gaps that may exist in knowledge and potential issues that may require better understanding and further research.

scholarly journals On the interpretation of annual oscillations in 32Si and 36Cl decay rate measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pommé ◽  
K. Pelczar ◽  
K. Kossert ◽  
I. Kajan
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Solar Neutrino ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Neutrino Flux ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe 32Si decay rate measurement data of Alburger et al. obtained in 1982–1986 at Brookhaven National Laboratory have been presented repeatedly as evidence for solar neutrino-induced beta decay. The count rates show an annual sinusoidal oscillation of about 0.1% amplitude and maximum at February–March. Several authors have claimed that the annual oscillations could not be explained by environmental influences on the set-up, and they questioned the invariability of the decay constant. They hypothesised a correlation with changes in the solar neutrino flux due to annual variations in the Earth-Sun distance, in spite of an obvious mismatch in amplitude and phase. In this work, environmental conditions at the time of the experiment are presented. The 32Si decay rate measurements appear to be inversely correlated with the dew point in a nearby weather station. Susceptibility of the detection set-up to local temperature and humidity conditions is a likely cause of the observed instabilities in the measured decay rates. Similar conclusions apply to 36Cl decay rates measured at Ohio State University in 2005–2012.

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