scholarly journals The Ukrainian-American Study of Leukemia and Related Disorders among Chornobyl Cleanup Workers from Ukraine: III. Radiation Risks

2008 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Ye Romanenko ◽  
Stuart C. Finch ◽  
Maureen Hatch ◽  
Jay H. Lubin ◽  
Volodymyr G. Bebeshko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Study ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
Cleanup Workers

scholarly journals The Ukrainian-American Study of Leukemia and Related Disorders among Chornobyl Cleanup Workers from Ukraine: II. Estimation of Bone Marrow Doses

2008 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim V. Chumak ◽  
Anatoly Ye Romanenko ◽  
Paul G. Voillequé ◽  
Elena V. Bakhanova ◽  
Natalya Gudzenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
American Study ◽  
Bone Marrow Doses ◽  
Cleanup Workers

scholarly journals Prospective lifetime radiation risk of cancer among Russian cleanup workers in Chernobyl

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-109
Author(s):  
S.Yu. Chekin ◽  
◽  
A.N. Menyajlo ◽  
V.V. Kashcheev ◽  
S.S. Lovachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Cleanup Workers

As stated in the Basic sanitary rules of radiation safety, radiation risk is one of the main character-istics of radiation safety. Before the work persons involved in cleanup operations after radiation accidents should be informed about subsequent risks to their health. However, mathematical models for radiation risk prediction and methods for its calculation are currently at the stage of scientific research and have not yet been standardized for solving practical problems of risk pre-diction. At the international level, UNSCEAR, ICRP and WHO developed radiation risk models on the basis of radiation-epidemiological data on survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings in August 1945. In recent decades, data on radiation-epidemiological follow-up of co-horts contained people exposed to radiation after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, in particular NRER data, have been used to identify and assess radiation risks. The radiation risk models iden-tified from the Chernobyl cohorts of exposed individuals differ from the models identified from the Japanese cohort, which leads, respectively, to different projections of lifetime radiation risk. The purpose of this work is to compare quantitatively the possible lifetime radiation risks of can-cer for a cohort of Russian liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, evaluated with radiation risk models developed by UNSCEAR, WHO and NRER. It is shown that after 2020, 1297 cases of cancer are expected in the cohort of Russian liquidators, this figure is 2.4 times higher than esti-mates obtained with the international models. The radiation risk model of leukemia, built on the basis of NRER follow-up data, predicts 145 cases of leukemia in the observed cohort of liquida-tors, which is 8 times higher than the values estimated with the use of international models. Since the liquidators of the considered cohort are generally over 50 years old, the results obtained may indicate the need to adjust the dose limits established by the current radiation safety standards based on ICRP risk models for people over 50 years old.

scholarly journals The Ukrainian-American Study of Leukemia and Related Disorders among Chornobyl Cleanup Workers from Ukraine: I. Study Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Romanenko ◽  
V. Bebeshko ◽  
M. Hatch ◽  
D. Bazyka ◽  
S. Finch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Study ◽  
Study Methods ◽  
Cleanup Workers

scholarly journals Estimating of radiation risks of non-cancer diseases among Russian Chernobyl clean-up workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-93
Author(s):  
S.Yu. Chekin ◽  
◽  
M.A. Maksioutov ◽  
V.V. Kashcheev ◽  
S.V. Karpenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circulatory System ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Immune Mechanism ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Cleanup Workers ◽  
Cancer Diseases

In the absence of man-made sources of ionizing radiation health risks are related primarily to non-malignant diseases, particularly circulation diseases. However, risks of radiation-induced non-cancer diseases can make a notable contribution to the overall radiation-associated detri-mental effects to the human health. The impacts of harm caused by radiation induced non-cancer and cancer diseases are comparable. That is why the study of risks of non-cancer diseas-es for health of the Chernobyl cleanup workers is actual scientific problem, it is also essential for radiation protection. The aim of the study is to estimate radiation risks of incidence and mortality from non-cancer diseases identified in the Russian cohort of the Chernobyl liquidators during the follow-up period. All considered non-communicable diseases have proven diagnoses identified according to ICD-10 chapters and code sets. The data for the study are available in the system of the National Radiation Epidemiological Registry (NRER). For estimating risks of low radiation doses the linear non-threshold (LNT) model was used. For 9 of 19 disease diagnosis codes in-vestigated for statistical significance of associations between excess incidence of a disease and radiation dose received by liquidators can be considered as significant code sets. These are the following diseases: 1) Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders in-volving the immune mechanism (D50-D89); 2) Diseases of the endocrine system, nutritional dis-orders and disorders of metabolism (E00-E90); 3) Mental and behavioural disorders (F00-F99); 4) Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G99); 5) Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99); 6) Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99); 7) Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K93); 8) Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99); 9) Diseases of the genitourinary system (N00-N99). Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (D50-D89); diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99); blood diseases (D50-D89) are characterized by the highest radiation risk coefficients (ERR/Gy). The estimates are ERR/Gy=0.55 and ERR/Gy=0.57, respectively. To date, epidemiolog-ical studies provide sufficient evidence for the existence of statistically significant radiation risks of the circulatory system diseases (I00-I99). For estimating contribution of non-cancer diseases to the overall radiation detriment further research is required.

Psychosocial Issues Among Asian Americans: Results from the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS)

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Takeuchi ◽  
Oanh Meyer ◽  
Nolan Zane ◽  
Stanley Sue ◽  
Manveen Dhindsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Psychosocial Issues ◽  
American Study

Contribution of food groups to energy, grams and nutrients-to-limit: The Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health/Estudio Latino Americano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
Ana Carolina Barco Leme ◽  
Ágatha Nogueira Previdelli ◽  
Aline Veroneze de Mello ◽  
Angela Martinez Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
American Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Latin American Study ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Latin Americans

ABSTRACT Objective: To quantify the energy, nutrients-to-limit and total gram amount consumed, and identify their top food sources consumed by Latin Americans. Design: Data from The Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS). Setting: ELANS is a cross-sectional study representative of eight Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Participants: Two 24h dietary recalls on non-consecutive days were used to estimate usual dietary intake of 9218 participants with ages between 15-65years. “What We Eat in America” food classification system developed by USDA was adapted and used to classify all food items consumed by the ELANS population. Food sources of energy, added sugars, saturated fatty acids (SFA), sodium and total gram amount consumed were identified and ranked based on percentage contribution to intake of total amount. Results: Three-highest ranked food categories of total energy consumed were: rice (10.3%), yeast breads (6.9%), and turnovers and other grain-based items (6.8%). Highest ranked food sources of total gram amount consumed were: fruit drinks (9.6%), other 100% juice (9.3%), and rice (8.3%). Three highest ranked sources for added sugars were: other 100% juice (24.1%), fruit drinks (16.5%), and sugar and honey (12.4%). SFA ranked foods were: turnovers and other grain-based (12.6%), cheese (11.9%), and pizza (10.3%). Three top sources of sodium were: rice (13.9%), soups (9.1%), and rice mixed dishes (7.3%). Conclusion: Identification of top sources of energy and nutrients-to-limit among Latin Americans is critical for designing strategies to help them meet nutrient recommendations within energy needs.

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