G0Cell Cycle Arrest Alone is Insufficient for Enabling the Repair of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Potentially Lethal Damage

2008 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris van Bree ◽  
Hans M. Rodermond ◽  
Rosemarie ten Cate ◽  
Judith de Vos ◽  
Lukas J. A. Stalpers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Lethal Damage ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Id2Reverses Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by γ-Irradiation in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (16) ◽  
pp. 15836-15841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Baghdoyan ◽  
Jérôme Lamartine ◽  
David Castel ◽  
Amandine Pitaval ◽  
Yoann Roupioz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
The Impact

Id2 plays a key role in epithelial cells, regulating differentiation, the cell cycle, and proliferation. Because human skin constantly renews itself and is the first target of irradiation, it is of primary interest to evaluate whether such a gene may be regulated in keratinocytes exposed to ionizing radiation. We show here thatId2is induced in response to γ-irradiation and have investigated the consequence of this regulation on cell fate. Using RNA interference, we observed that Id2 extinction significantly reduces cell growth in human keratinocytes through the control of the G1-S transition of the cell cycle. We have investigated whether the impact of Id2 on the cell cycle may have a physiological role on the cell's ability to cope with radiative stress. Indeed, when Id2 is down-regulated through interfering RNA, cells are more sensitive to irradiation. Conversely, when Id2 is overexpressed, this somehow protects the cell. We propose that Id2 favors reentering the cell cycle after radiation-induced cell cycle arrest to permit the recovery of keratinocytes exposed to ionizing radiation.

scholarly journals DNA Damage Caused by Ionizing Radiation in Embryonic Diploid Fibroblasts WI-38 Induces Both Apoptosis and Senescence

2011 ◽  
pp. 667-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CMIELOVÁ ◽  
R. HAVELEK ◽  
A. JIROUTOVÁ ◽  
R. KOHLEROVÁ ◽  
M. SEIFRTOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Diploid Fibroblasts ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Permanent Cell ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Stress Induced Premature Senescence

Cellular response to ionizing radiation-induced damage depends on the cell type and the ability to repair DNA damage. Some types of cells undergo apoptosis, whereas others induce a permanent cell cycle arrest and do not proliferate. Our study demonstrates two types of response of embryonic diploid fibroblasts WI-38 to ionizing radiation. In the WI-38 cells p53 is activated, protein p21 increases, but the cells are arrested in G2 phase of cell cycle. Some of the cells die by apoptosis, but in remaining viable cells p16 increases, senescence associated DNA-damage foci occur, and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity increases, which indicate stress-induced premature senescence.

scholarly journals Naphthazarin enhances ionizing radiation-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1659-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIN YOUNG KIM ◽  
SEONG-JOON PARK ◽  
JAE WOONG SHIM ◽  
KWANGMO YANG ◽  
HO SUNG KANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced surface decomposition

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
M. L. Knotek
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Neutral Species ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electron And Photon ◽  
Surface Bond

Modern surface analysis is based largely upon the use of ionizing radiation to probe the electronic and atomic structure of the surfaces physical and chemical makeup. In many of these studies the ionizing radiation used as the primary probe is found to induce changes in the structure and makeup of the surface, especially when electrons are employed. A number of techniques employ the phenomenon of radiation induced desorption as a means of probing the nature of the surface bond. These include Electron- and Photon-Stimulated Desorption (ESD and PSD) which measure desorbed ionic and neutral species as they leave the surface after the surface has been excited by some incident ionizing particle. There has recently been a great deal of activity in determining the relationship between the nature of chemical bonding and its susceptibility to radiation damage.

Amifostine-Loaded Dissolving Armored Microneedles for Long-Term Prevention of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Yu ◽  
Minshu Li ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Jingfei li ◽  
Guoli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

Evaluation of the Radioprotective Effects of Melatonin Against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Muscle Tissue Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽  
Mansoor Keshavarz ◽  
Alireza Shirazi ◽  
Gholamreza Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mohammed Reza Hadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Compound Action Potential ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Radiation Induced

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is a treatment method for cancer using ionizing radiation (IR). The interaction between IR with tissues produces free radicals that cause biological damages.As the largest organ in the human body, the skeletal muscles may be affected by detrimental effects of ionizing radiation. To eliminate these side effects, we used melatonin, a major product secreted by the pineal gland in mammals, as a radioprotective agent. Materials and Methods: For this study, a total of sixty male Wistar rats were used. They were allotted to 4 groups: control (C), melatonin (M), radiation (R) and melatonin + radiation (MR). Rats’ right hind legs were irradiated with 30 Gy single dose of gamma radiation, while 100 mg/kg of melatonin was given to them 30 minutes before irradiation and 5 mg/ kg once daily afternoon for 30 days. Five rats in each group were sacrificed 4, 12 and 20 weeks after irradiation for histological and biochemical examinations. Results: Our results showed radiation-induced biochemical, histological and electrophysiological changes in normal rats’ gastrocnemius muscle tissues. Biochemical analysis showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly elevated in R group (P<0.001) and reduced significantly in M and MR groups after 4, 12, and 20 weeks (P<0.001), However, the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)decreased in the R group and increased in M and MR groups for the same periods of time compared with the C group (P<0.001), while melatonin administration inverted these effects( P<0.001).Histopathological examination showed significant differences between R group for different parameters compared with other groups (P<0.001). However, the administration of melatonin prevented these effects(P<0.001). Electromyography (EMG) examination showed that the compound action potential (CMAP) value in the R group was significantly reduced compared to the effects in the C and M groups after 12 and 20 weeks (P<0.001). The administration of melatonin also reversed these effects (P<0.001). Conclusion: Melatonin can improve biochemical, electrophysiological and morphological features of irradiated gastrocnemius muscle tissues.Our recommendation is that melatonin should be administered in optimal dose. For effective protection of muscle tissues, and increased therapeutic ratio of radiation therapy, this should be done within a long period of time.

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