Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Lesions and Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis in Raptors in Northern California

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlene Lujan-Vega ◽  
M. Kevin Keel ◽  
Christopher M. Barker ◽  
Michelle G. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions

Risk Factors for Lyme Disease in a Small Rural Community in Northern California

1992 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1358-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Lane ◽  
Stephen A. Manweiler ◽  
Harrison A. Stubbs ◽  
Evelyne T. Lennette ◽  
John E. Madigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Northern California

scholarly journals S100A9-targeted tobacco mosaic virus nanoparticles exhibit high specificity toward atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE−/− mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1842-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooneon Park ◽  
Huiyun Gao ◽  
Yunmei Wang ◽  
He Hu ◽  
Daniel I. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions

TMV-based plant virus nanoparticles targeting S100A9 exhibited high specificity to atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE−/− mice, which provides a new diagnostic strategy for atherosclerosis with high risk factors.

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Review: Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Poredoš
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Circulating Markers ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Atherosclerotic Process ◽  
Von Willebrand

Healthy endothelium plays a central role in cardiovascular control. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction (ED), which is characterized by an imbalance between relaxing and contracting factors, procoagulant and anticoagulant substances, and between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory mediators, may play a particularly significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is closely related to different risk factors of atherosclerosis, and to their intensity and duration. The involvement of risk factors in ED is also supported by results of interventions studies that showed regression of ED with treatment of risk factors. Because risk factors are commonly accompanied by decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide, the common denominator whereby different risk factors cause ED is most probably increased oxidative stress. Endothelial dysfunction may promote atherogenesis through different mechanisms such as increased adherence of monocytes, macrophages, and enhanced permeability of the endothelial layer. Further, ED probably plays an important role in the growth of atherosclerotic lesions and in the development of thrombotic complications in late stages of the disease. Because ED is a key underlying factor in the atherosclerotic process, markers of endothelial abnormalities have been sought. Detection of ED is based on tests of endothelium-dependent vasomotion (dilation capability of peripheral and coronary arteries) and on circulating markers of endothelial function (endothelin-1, von Willebrand factor, tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor, and adhesion molecules). Using these tests it is possible to follow the dose response of harmful effects of risk factors, and the effects of preventive procedures on vessel wall function.

Quantifying the Motion of Murine Epicardial Coronary Arteries

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Long ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Morton H. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Mechanical Stresses ◽  
Intimal Thickening ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Accumulation Of Lipids

Coronary artery atherosclerosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in western societies. Atherosclerosis is a progressive fibroinflammatory disease identified by intimal thickening, the focal accumulation of lipids, fibrous elements, and cellular elements within the walls of large arteries. These lesions preferentially develop at arterial branches, the outer walls of bifurcations, and the inner walls of curved sections; the cause of this focal vasculopathy is not fully understood. It is, however, understood from epidemiological and clinical studies that individual susceptibility to the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions is influenced by “traditional” systemic risk factors, including smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and high cholesterol. However, these risk factors cannot account for half of the variability in occurrence of this disease; this indicates additional risk factors have not been identified. One prevalent explanation of the focal nature of the disease is that the local fluid mechanical stresses at the walls of coronary arteries, as well as mechanical stresses within the vessel wall, may mediate the phenotype of endothelial cells thereby producing atherosusceptible sites. Therefore, it has been speculated [1] that certain aspects of arterial geometry and motion, which vary substantially among individuals, may increase an individual’s susceptibility to developing atherosclerosis — “geometric risk factors”.

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