scholarly journals Euhaplorchis californiensis Cercariae Exhibit Positive Phototaxis and Negative Geotaxis

10.1645/17-80 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Weinersmith ◽  
C. E. Brown ◽  
K. B. Clingen ◽  
M. C. Jacobsen ◽  
L. B. Topper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Negative Geotaxis ◽  
Euhaplorchis Californiensis

scholarly journals Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) exhibit positive phototaxis to white LED light

Polar Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-489
Author(s):  
Bjørn A. Krafft ◽  
Ludvig A. Krag
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Euphausia Superba ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
White Led ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Exposure Experiment

AbstractThe use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is increasingly used in fishing gears and its application is known to trigger negative or positive phototaxis (i.e., swimming away or toward the light source, respectively) for some marine species. However, our understanding of how artificial light influences behavior is poorly understood for many species and most studies can be characterized as trial and error experiments. In this study, we tested whether exposure to white LED light could initiate a phototactic response in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Trawl-caught krill were used in a controlled artificial light exposure experiment conducted onboard a vessel in the Southern Ocean. The experiment was conducted in chambers with dark and light zones in which krill could move freely. Results showed that krill displayed a significant positive phototaxis. Understanding this behavioral response is relevant to development of krill fishing technology to improve scientific sampling gear, improve harvest efficiency, and reduce potential unwanted bycatch.

scholarly journals Negative Geotaxis of Zoospores of the Fungus Phytophthora

1977 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Cameron ◽  
M. J. Carlile
Keyword(s):  
Negative Geotaxis

Reizphysiologische Untersuchungen an Blutsaugenden Arthropoden Im Zusammenhang Mit Ihrer Nahrungswahl

1937 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Krijgsman
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Boophilus Annulatus

AbstractMit Larven von Rhipicephalus sanguineus und Boophilus annulatus wurden sinnesphysiologische Untersuchungen ausgeführt in ähnlicher Wahlanordnung wie sie früher bei Stomoxys und Lyperosia benutzt wurde. Die Zeckenlarven besitzen einen Hautlichtsinn. Ältere Larven zeigen eine positive Phototaxis; Larven in der ersten Lebens-woche verhalten sich negativ gegenüber diffuses Tageslicht. Die Ursache dieses Verhaltens steht wahrscheinlich in direktem Zusammenhang mit der progressiven Pigmentierung der Haut. Weiter zeigen die Larven eine positive Thigmotaxis, Empfindlichkeit für Erschütterungsreize, eine positive Thermotaxis und eine positive Hydrotaxis, wobei sie jedoch Berührung mit feuchten Gegenständen sorgfältig vermeiden. Auch besteht ein Fernperzeptionsvermögen für chemische Reize, indem die Tiere Hautgeruch von Pferd, Rind und Mensch wahrnehmen. Nur in den ersten Lebenstagen reagieren sie nicht auf Hautgeruch oder Wasser. Geotaktische Orientierung konnte bei hungrigen Larven nicht festgestellt werden. In der Natur wird die Nahrungsreaktion wahrscheinlich auf folgende Weise ausgelöst: Durch positive Phototaxis klettern die Tiere auf Grashalmen hinauf, durch Erschütterung der Pflanzen und des Bodens bei der Annäherung des Wirtstieres werden sie aktiviert, durch Perzeption von Geruch, Feuchtigkeit und Wärme haften sie sich an das Wirtstier. Feuchtigkeit, Wärme (und Geruch) der Haut rufen Stechbewegungen hervor, und schliesslich wird vielleicht der Blutgeschmack die Saugreaktion auslösen.

Rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING): a new method for assessing age-related locomotor decline in

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
J GARGANO ◽  
I MARTIN ◽  
P BHANDARI ◽  
M GROTEWIEL
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Negative Geotaxis ◽  
Age Related

The Orientation of Passerine Nocturnal Migrants Following Offshore Drift

The Auk ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Able
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Wind Drift ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Nocturnal Migration ◽  
Block Island

Abstract Nocturnal autumn passerine migrants are frequently drifted by wind or carried by downwind flight from New England to offshore islands. Most individuals in these flights are immatures. Many recover the mainland via reoriented northward flights. During fall 1972, I made field observations and performed orientation cage tests on nocturnal migrants on Block Island, Rhode Island. Migrants reached the island during four southward movements in following winds. Migration was very light or absent on most other nights. Reoriented diurnal flights left from the island immediately after the arrival of a large nocturnal migration. Northward movements occurred on two nights following daytime reoriented flights. These nocturnal movements are tentatively interpreted as constituting reoriented flights. About 27% of the 79 individuals tested in orientation cages showed significantly directional nocturnal activity. About two-thirds of these oriented basically northwestward, corresponding to the reoriented flight of free-flying birds. These and similar reorientations of immature birds can be explained by a simple compass reorientation in response to wind drift over the ocean without invoking complicated navigation mechanisms. The remaining individuals oriented toward the southeast. Eleven birds exhibited a significant eastward orientation during the first few hours after dawn; this is interpreted as a positive phototaxis. Three of four Blackpoll Warblers oriented southward. No correlation existed between the quantity of Zugunruhe and the amount of subcutaneous fat, but fatter birds were significantly more likely to show oriented nocturnal activity.

scholarly journals Traumatic injury in female Drosophila melanogaster affects the development and induces behavioral abnormalities in the offspring

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ved Chauhan ◽  
Abha Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Geotaxis

Abstract Traumatic injury (TI) during pregnancy increases the risk for developing neurological disorders in the infants. These disorders are a major concern for the well-being of children born after TI during pregnancy. TI during pregnancy may result in preterm labor and delivery, abruptio placentae, and/or fetomaternal hemorrhage. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) is a widely used model to study brain and behavioral disorders in humans. In this study, we analyzed the effects of TI to female fruit flies on the development timing of larvae, social interaction and the behavior of offspring flies. TI to the female flies was found to affect the development of larvae and the behavior of offspring flies. There was a significant increase in the length of larvae delivered by traumatically injured maternal flies as compared to larvae from control maternal flies (without TI). The pupae formation from larvae, and the metamorphosis of pupae to the first generation of flies were faster in the TI group than the control group. Negative geotaxis and distance of the fly to its nearest neighbor are parameters of behavioral assessment in fruit flies. Negative geotaxis significantly decreased in the first generation of both male (p = 0.0021) and female (p = 0.0426) flies. The distance between the first generation of flies to its nearest neighbor was shorter in both male and female offspring flies in the TI group as compared to control group flies. These results indicate that TI to the female flies affected the development of larvae and resulted in early delivery, impaired social interaction and behavioral alterations in the offspring.

Reduced geomagnetic field may affect positive phototaxis and flight capacity of a migratory rice planthopper

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-Jun Wan ◽  
Rui Yuan ◽  
Wen-Jing Wang ◽  
Kai-Yun Fu ◽  
Jing-Yu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Flight Capacity

Effect of chlorpromazine on phototactic behavior in Chlamydomonas

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rona Hirschberg ◽  
William Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Negative Phototaxis ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Phototactic Behavior ◽  
Common Control

Chlorpromazine, an antipsychotic drug, causes a light intensity dependent reversal of phototaxis in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardi. At moderate light intensity, drug-treated cells swim away from the light (negative phototaxis) while untreated cells swim toward it (positive phototaxis). At low light, both treated and untreated cells exhibit normal positive phototactic responses. It appears that light and chlorpromazine may affect a common control system for phototaxis.

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