scholarly journals STABLE HYDROGEN ISOTOPE ANALYSIS OF BAT HAIR AS EVIDENCE FOR SEASONAL MOLT AND LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Cryan ◽  
Michael A. Bogan ◽  
Robert O. Rye ◽  
Gary P. Landis ◽  
Cynthia L. Kester
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope

scholarly journals Mass spectrometric measurement of hydrogen isotope fractionation for the reactions of chloromethane with OH and Cl

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Keppler ◽  
Enno Bahlmann ◽  
Markus Greule ◽  
Heinz Friedrich Schöler ◽  
Julian Wittmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Measurement ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Chlorine Radicals ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope

Abstract. Chloromethane (CH3Cl) is an important provider of chlorine to the stratosphere but yet lacks detailed knowledge of its budget. Stable isotope analysis is potentially a powerful tool to constrain CH3Cl flux estimates. The largest degree of isotope fractionation is expected to occur for deuterium in CH3Cl in the hydrogen abstraction reactions with its main sink reactant tropospheric OH and its minor sink reactant Cl atoms. We determined the isotope fractionation by stable hydrogen isotope analysis of the fraction of CH3Cl remaining after reaction with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals in a 3.5 m3 Teflon smog-chamber at 293 ± 1 K. We measured the increasing stable hydrogen isotope values of the unreacted CH3Cl using compound specific thermal conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The isotope fractionations of CH3Cl for the reactions with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals were found to be −242 ± 7 mUr (or ‰) and −280 ± 11 mUr, respectively. For comparison, we performed similar experiments using methane (CH4) as the target compound with OH and obtained a fractionation constant of −205 ± 6 mUr which is in good agreement with values previously reported. The observed large kinetic isotope effects are helpful when employing isotopic analyses of CH3Cl in the atmosphere to improve our knowledge of its atmospheric budget.

scholarly journals Using stable isotopes to estimate migratory connectivity for a patchily distributed, wetland-associated Neotropical migrant

The Condor ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Reese ◽  
Catherine Viverette ◽  
Christopher M Tonra ◽  
Nicholas J Bayly ◽  
Than J Boves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Migratory Connectivity ◽  
Calibration Equation ◽  
Abundance Data ◽  
Assignment Model ◽  
Breeding Distribution ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Estimates of migratory connectivity are needed for full annual cycle population models of migratory bird species experiencing rapid declines in abundance. One technique to determine migratory connectivity is through stable isotope analysis. This low-resolution method may be influenced by how data are calibrated between isotopes measured in precipitation and those measured in feathers, and can be informed by incorporating relative abundance into the assignment model. eBird abundance maps are a new tool combining citizen science data into a predictive species distribution model. In the Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea), a wetland-associated songbird with a patchy breeding distribution, we sought to use stable-hydrogen isotope analysis informed by a species-specific calibration equation and eBird abundance data to determine the strength of migratory connectivity. We developed a species-specific calibration equation using known-origin samples from the breeding grounds and found that stable-hydrogen isotope values measured in precipitation explained 50% of the variation in stable-hydrogen isotope values among feathers. We found that the assignment model incorporating eBird abundance data correctly identified the true origins of 66% of individuals, and that the average assignment area (as a measure of precision) was 64% of the breeding distribution. These results represented a 7% increase in precision and a 3% decrease in accuracy when compared to a model that was not informed by abundance. Based on these models, wintering populations from 6 countries represented a mix of likely breeding origins, suggesting low migratory connectivity for Prothonotary Warblers. We found evidence that wintering latitude was related to likely breeding origin, with individuals at western wintering locations more likely to have southern breeding origins, but this relationship was weak. These results corroborate studies using archival light-level geolocators and high-resolution genetic markers, which also demonstrated weak migratory connectivity in this species. For patchily distributed species, eBird abundance data may not provide a useful increase in precision and accuracy for isotope assignments.

Using Stable Hydrogen Isotope Analysis of Feathers to Delineate Origins of Harvested Sandhill Cranes in the Central Flyway of North America

Waterbirds ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Steven Van Wilgenburg ◽  
Leonard I. Wassenaar ◽  
Helen Hands ◽  
William P. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Sandhill Cranes ◽  
Central Flyway

scholarly journals Mass spectrometric measurement of hydrogen isotope fractionation for the reactions of chloromethane with OH and Cl

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 6625-6635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Keppler ◽  
Enno Bahlmann ◽  
Markus Greule ◽  
Heinz Friedrich Schöler ◽  
Julian Wittmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Measurement ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Chlorine Radicals ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope

Abstract. Chloromethane (CH3Cl) is an important provider of chlorine to the stratosphere but detailed knowledge of its budget is missing. Stable isotope analysis is a potentially powerful tool to constrain CH3Cl flux estimates. The largest degree of isotope fractionation is expected to occur for deuterium in CH3Cl in the hydrogen abstraction reactions with its main sink reactant tropospheric OH and its minor sink reactant Cl atoms. We determined the isotope fractionation by stable hydrogen isotope analysis of the fraction of CH3Cl remaining after reaction with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals in a 3.5 m3 Teflon smog chamber at 293 ± 1 K. We measured the stable hydrogen isotope values of the unreacted CH3Cl using compound-specific thermal conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The isotope fractionations of CH3Cl for the reactions with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals were found to be -264±45 and -280±11 ‰, respectively. For comparison, we performed similar experiments using methane (CH4) as the target compound with OH and obtained a fractionation constant of -205±6 ‰ which is in good agreement with values previously reported. The observed large kinetic isotope effects are helpful when employing isotopic analyses of CH3Cl in the atmosphere to improve our knowledge of its atmospheric budget.

scholarly journals Long-distance autumn migration across the Sahara by painted lady butterflies: exploiting resource pulses in the tropical savannah

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 20160561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantí Stefanescu ◽  
David X. Soto ◽  
Gerard Talavera ◽  
Roger Vila ◽  
Keith A. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Resource Pulses ◽  
Vanessa Cardui ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Mixed Origin ◽  
Northwestern Africa

The painted lady, Vanessa cardui , is a migratory butterfly that performs an annual multi-generational migration between Europe and North Africa. Its seasonal appearance south of the Sahara in autumn is well known and has led to the suggestion that it results from extremely long migratory flights by European butterflies to seasonally exploit the Sahel and the tropical savannah. However, this possibility has remained unproven. Here, we analyse the isotopic composition of butterflies from seven European and seven African countries to provide new support for this hypothesis. Each individual was assigned a geographical natal origin, based on its wing stable hydrogen isotope (δ 2 H w ) value and a predicted δ 2 H w basemap for Europe and northern Africa. Natal assignments of autumn migrants collected south of the Sahara confirmed long-distance movements (of 4000 km or more) starting in Europe. Samples from Maghreb revealed a mixed origin of migrants, with most individuals with a European origin, but others having originated in the Sahel. Therefore, autumn movements are not only directed to northwestern Africa, but also include southward and northward flights across the Sahara. Through this remarkable behaviour, the productive but highly seasonal region south of the Sahara is incorporated into the migratory circuit of V. cardui .

Stable hydrogen isotope analysis as a method to identify illegally trapped songbirds

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kelly ◽  
Richard Thompson ◽  
Jason Newton
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope
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