Genetic and Environmental Variations and Associations of the Characters Related to the Grain-Filling Process in Rice Cultivars

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuneo Kato
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Filling Process ◽  
Environmental Variations

Identification of Novel QTLs for Spikelet Fertility, Panicle Compactness and Phytohormone Ethylene to Decipher Poor Grain Filling of Basal Spikelets in Dense Panicle Rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu Sekhar ◽  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Soumya Mohanty ◽  
Niharika Mohanty ◽  
Rudraksh Shovan Panda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Ubiquitin Protein Ligase ◽  
Comparative Expression Analysis

Abstract High grain number is positively correlated with grain yield in rice, but it is compromised because of poor filling of basal spikelets in dense panicle bearing numerous spikelets. The phenomenon that turns the basal spikelets of compact panicle sterile in rice is largely unknown. In order to understand the factor(s) that possibly determines such spikelet sterility in compact panicle cultivars, QTLs and candidate genes were identified for spikelet fertility percentage, panicle compactness and ethylene production that significantly influence the grain filling using recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross between indica rice cultivars, PDK Shriram (compact, high spikelet number) and Heera (lax, low spikelet number). Novel QTLs, qSFP1.1, qSFP3.1 and qSFP6.1 for spikelet fertility percentage; qIGS3.2 and qIGS4.1 for panicle compactness; and qETH1.2, qETH3.1 and qETH4.1 for ethylene production were consistently identified in both kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018. The comparative expression analysis of candidate genes like ERF3, AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor, EREBP, GBSS1, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase GW2, and LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase ERL1 associated with identified QTLs revealed their role in poor grain filling of basal spikelets in dense panicle. These candidate genes thus could be important for improving grain filling in compact-panicle rice cultivars through biotechnological interventions.

Critical Factors for Grain Filling of Erect Panicle Type Japonica Rice Cultivars

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing‐Tao Li ◽  
Hai‐Tao Cheng ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Cui‐Mei Yu ◽  
Lu‐Yi Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Critical Factors

scholarly journals Introgression of Sub1 (SUB1) QTL in mega rice cultivars increases ethylene production to the detriment of grain- filling under stagnant flooding

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Rani Kuanar ◽  
Kutubuddin Ali Molla ◽  
Krishnendu Chattopadhyay ◽  
Ramani Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Pravat Kumar Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Acc Synthase ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme

AbstractIn the recent time, Submergence1 (Sub1)QTL, responsible for imparting tolerance to flash flooding, has been introduced in many rice cultivars, but resilience of the QTL to stagnant flooding (SF) is not known. The response of Sub1-introgression has been tested on physiology, molecular biology and yield of two popular rice cultivars (Swarna and Savitri) by comparison of the parental and Sub1-introgression lines (SwarnaSub1 and SavitriSub1) under SF. Compared to control condition SF reduced grain yield and tiller number and increased plant height and Sub1- introgression mostly matched these effects. SF increased ethylene production by over-expression of ACC-synthase and ACC-oxidase enzyme genes of panicle before anthesis in the parental lines. Expression of the genes changed with Sub1-introgression, where some enzyme isoform genes over-expressed after anthesis under SF. Activities of endosperm starch synthesizing enzymes SUS and AGPase declined concomitantly with rise ethylene production in the Sub1-introgressed lines resulting in low starch synthesis and accumulation of soluble carbohydrates in the developing spikelets. In conclusion, Sub1-introgression into the cultivars increased susceptibility to SF. Subjected to SF, the QTL promoted genesis of ethylene in the panicle at anthesis to the detriment of grain yield, while compromising with morphological features like tiller production and stem elongation.

scholarly journals Proteomic profiling reveals differentially expressed proteins associated with amylose accumulation during rice grain filling

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengdong Zhang ◽  
Jiana Chen ◽  
Shuanglü Shan ◽  
Fangbo Cao ◽  
Guanghui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Rice Grains

Abstract Background Amylose accumulation in rice grains is controlled by genetic and environmental factors. Amylose content is a determinant factor of rice quality in terms of cooking and eating. Great variations in amylose content in indica rice cultivars have been observed. The current study was to identify differentially expressed proteins in starch and sucrose metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways and their relationships to amylose synthesis using two rice cultivars possess contrasting phenotypes in grain amylose content. Results Synthesis and accumulation of amylose in rice grains significantly affected the variations between rice cultivars in amylose contents. The high amylose content cultivar has three down-regulated differentially expressed proteins, i.e., LOC_Os01g62420.1, LOC_Os02g36600.1, and LOC_Os08g37380.2 in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, which limit the glycolytic process and decrease the glucose-1-phosphate consumption. In the starch and sucrose metabolic pathway, an up-regulated protein, i.e., LOC_Os06g04200.1 and two down-regulated proteins, i.e., LOC_Os05g32710.1 and LOC_Os04g43360.1 were identified (Figure 4). Glucose-1-phosphate is one of the first substrates in starch synthesis and glycolysis that are catalyzed to form adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG), then the ADPG is catalyzed by granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSS I) to elongate amylose. Conclusions The results indicate that decreasing the consumption of glucose-1-phosphate in the glycolytic process is essential for the formation of ADPG and UDPG, which are substrates for amylose synthesis. In theory, amylose content in rice can be regulated by controlling the fate of glucose-1-phosphate.

Effect of spikelet removal on the grain filling of Akenohoshi, a rice cultivar with numerous spikelets in a panicle

2004 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. KATO
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Filling Process ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Sink Capacity ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Filling Characteristics

The Japanese rice cultivar, Akenohoshi, has numerous spikelets in a panicle (extra-heavy panicle type) and achieves a large yield sink capacity. However, this cultivar, as well as other extra-heavy panicle types, does not always produce higher yields because of poor grain filling of the spikelets on the secondary branches in a panicle. To determine whether the poor grain filling found in Akenohoshi was due to source-limited or sink-limited conditions, the present study examined the responses of grain-filling characteristics to several spikelet-removal treatments immediately after heading. Only when the spikelets on secondary branches remained was a significant increase in filled grain percentage in this spikelet position observed. This increase seemed to be associated with the increases in rate and duration of the grain-filling process and in single grain weight in this spikelet position. These results clearly indicate that the poor grain filling in the spikelet on secondary branches of Akenohoshi could mainly be attributed not to sink-limited conditions, but to source-limited conditions probably at specific stages of grain filling.

Control of Grain Yield by Sink Capacity and Assimilate Supply in Various Rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fukai ◽  
L. Li ◽  
P. T. Vizmonte ◽  
K. S. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Sink Capacity ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Grain Filling Period

SummaryThe objective of this study was to identify whether grain yield in four contrasting rice cultivars is limited by supply of assimilate to fill the grains or by sink capacity to accept the assimilate. Grain yield was limited mostly by sink capacity, with little variation in single grain weight among cultivars, but an old cultivar showed some ability to adjust single grain weight. Sink capacity was very sensitive to variation in assimilate supply immediately after anthesis. Reduction in assimilate supply in the anthesis to early grain filling period reduced filled grain percentage and grain yield, particularly in high yielding cultivars with a large number of grains per panicle.

scholarly journals Effect of Transplanting Times on Rate and Duration of Grain Filling, Final Grain Weight and Grain Yield of Rice Cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
A. Vahdati-Rad ◽  
M. Esfahani ◽  
GH. Mohsenabadi ◽  
A. Sabouri ◽  
A. Aalami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Rice Cultivars
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