scholarly journals Studies on the ecology and geographical distribution of C3 and C4 grasses. III. Geographical distribution of C3 and C4 grasses in relation to climatic conditions in Indian-subcontinent.

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoshiro TAKEDA
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
C3 And C4 Grasses

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Rwomushana
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a lepidopteran pest that feeds in large numbers on the leaves, stems and reproductive parts of more than 350 plant species, causing major damage to economically important cultivated grasses such as maize, rice, sorghum, sugarcane and wheat but also other vegetable crops and cotton. Native to the Americas, it has been repeatedly intercepted at quarantine in Europe and was first reported from Africa in 2016 where it caused significant damage to maize crops. In 2018, S. frugiperda was first reported from the Indian subcontinent (Ganiger et al., 2018; Sharanabasappa Kalleshwaraswamy et al., 2018). It has since invaded Bangladesh, Thailand, Myanmar, China and Sri Lanka (IPPC, 2018b, 2019; FAO, 2019c). The ideal climatic conditions for fall armyworm present in many parts of Africa and Asia, and the abundance of suitable host plants suggests the pest can produce several generations in a single season, and is likely to lead to the pest becoming endemic.

scholarly journals Tendencies towards a C4 Leaf: Quantitative Studies on Leaf Anatomy of Selected C3 and C4 Grasses

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiruni Nuwanthika Weerasooriya ◽  
Anil Jayasekera ◽  
Iroja Caldera
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
C3 And C4 Grasses

The distribution of C3 and C4 grasses in Australia in relation to climate

Oecologia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Hattersley
Keyword(s):  
C4 Grasses ◽  
C3 And C4 Grasses
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