scholarly journals Studies on the productivity of grain sorghum. V. Effect of nitrogen fertilization and water stress on the grain yield, nitrogen uptake and translocation.

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad MIRHADI ◽  
Yoshio KOBAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Grain Sorghum

Chondrilla juncea in Australia. 2. Preplanting weed control and wheat production

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
EG Cuthbertson
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
New South ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Weed Cover

The response of wheat to nitrogen fertilization and to the time and mode of skeleton weed control was determined at three locations in southern New South Wales. Nitrogen fertilization was found to increase grain yield significantly in most situations. But nitrogen reduced total grain yield where adverse seasonal conditions caused severe water stress after flowering. Added nitrogen exaggerated the water stress and reduced grain weight. Temporary removal of skeleton weed, obtained by spraying the fallow with 2,4-D four to six weeks before seeding, increased grain yield by an average of nearly 5 bushels an acre. The magnitude of the response was modified by rainfall incidence, weed cover, and time of spray application relative to seeding. The effects of chemical weed control, followed by crop competition, were apparent in stubble sown crops 12 to 18 months later in the form of reduced weed populations and increased grain yield. Preplanting sprays reduced the response to nitrogen fertilizer but the interaction, generally, was not significant. Spraying the fallow with a contact herbicide, or substituting an additional cultivation for the 2,4-D fallow spray, also increased grain yield. These results emphasize the importance of suppressing skeleton weed, by the most appropriate means available, in the period before sowing.

scholarly journals Optimization of Nitrogen Dose under Different Irrigation Levels in Maize (Zea mays L.) during Post Monsoon Season at Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
B. Soujanya ◽  
B. Balaji Naik ◽  
M. Uma Devi ◽  
T. L. Neelima ◽  
Anima Biswal
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Soil Moisture Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Post Monsoon Season

A field experiment was conducted at Agro Climate Research Center, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India during post monsoon season of 2019-20 with an objective to optimize the nitrogen dose under varied degrees of water stress environment. The experiment was laid out in split plot design replicated thrice with three irrigation scheduling (60%DASM, 40%DASM and 20%DASM) as main plots and three nitrogen levels (90, 180 and 240 kg of nitrogen ha-1) as sub plots. The results indicated that, at 20% DASM, with increasing nitrogen dose from 90 to180 and further 240 kg ha-1, the plant height and biomass increased significantly. Whereas a significant response in terms of the LAI, number of grains row-1, grain and stover yields and nitrogen uptake by plant was observed up to 180 kg N ha-1.Under deficit soil moisture condition (60% DASM) the maximum plant height (141.5cm), LAI (2.93), biomass (222.3 g plant-1), number of grains row-1 (35.3) test weight (24.1 g), grain yield (4930 kg ha-1), stover yields (7996kg ha-1) and nitrogen uptake by plant was recorded with low nitrogen dose of 90 kg N ha-1 and all these parameters were decreased with increasing nitrogen dose. The concentration of nitrogen in leaf, stem and grain was more under deficit soil moisture condition (60% DASM) and was decreased with reliving plant water stress by scheduling irrigation at 40% DASM and 20% DASM. This investigation evidences the need of nitrogen optimization under varied degree of moisture availability. Under deficit irrigated situation, lower dose of nitrogen is sufficient for optimum yield. Whereas under sufficient water availability, the beneficial effect increased nitrogen levels can be exploited for higher grain yield in maize.

Effects of Photoinhibition Induced by Water Stress on Growth and Yield of Grain Sorghum

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Ludlow ◽  
SB Powles
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Carbon Supply ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Absorption Of Light

The significance of photoinhibition induced by water stress for growth and grain yield of sorghum was investigated by shading water-stressed plants for a 7-day period during panicle development. Thereafter, shading was removed, stressed plants were rewatered, and all plants were kept well-watered until physiological maturity. Shading water-stressed plants for a 7-day period increased grain number and grain yield of primary heads by 10- and 13-fold, respectively. Even though plants were severely stressed, photoinhibition was only 20%. Moreover, reduction of photoinhibition by shading did not improve carbon supply to the developing panicle. Therefore, the response of grain yield to shading was attributed to a 15% higher average leaf water potential in shaded plants, which arose despite attempts to keep water status similar in shaded and unshaded plants. The effect of water stress on the primary head was so severe that many plants produced secondary heads. The grain yield from these secondary heads compensated for the low yield of primary heads so that the total dry matter production and total grain yield of water-stressed plants were similar to those of unstressed plants. In view of the ability of this relatively determinate species to compensate for potential yield losses, as well as the mechanisms to avoid water stress, high temperatures and excessive absorption of light, it seems unlikely that photoinhibition induced by water stress will be of agronomic significance in grain sorghum.

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