scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on the Growth Behaviour and Chemical Composition of the Warm-and Cool-Season Grasses

1961 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-306
Author(s):  
Kaoru EHARA ◽  
Shigeyuki TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Cool Season

Scaling Behavior of Superheater Tube Alloys in ASME High Temperature Steam Research Tests at 1100–1500 F

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Eberle ◽  
C. H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Thermal Shock Resistance ◽  
Scaling Behavior ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Superheater Tube ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
High Temperature Steam

The scales formed on seven ferritic and ten austenitic types of commercial tubing presently in use and of potential future use for superheater service were examined after 6, 12, and 18 months’ exposure to air and to flowing steam of 2000 psi at temperatures of 1100, 1200, 1350, and 1500 F. The effect of temperature and time of exposure on the adherence, thermal-shock resistance, thickness, structure, and chemical composition of the scales was investigated and the relative resistance to scaling of the various alloys evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Corrosion Resistance of Layered Double Hydroxides Conversion Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Based on a Closed-Cycle System

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Zhang ◽  
Zhijuan Yin ◽  
Bateer Buhe ◽  
Jiajie Wang ◽  
Lin Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Conversion Coating ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Conversion Coatings ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Double Hydroxides

The effect of temperature on the corrosion resistance of layered double hydroxide (LDH) conversion coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy, based on a closed-cycle system, was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffractometry (GAXRD) were used to study the surface morphology, chemical composition, and phase composition of the conversion coating. The corrosion resistance of the LDH conversion coating was determined through electropotentiometric polarisation curve and hydrogen evolution and immersion tests. The results showed that the conversion coating has the highest density and a more uniform, complete, and effective corrosion resistance at 50 °C. The chemical composition of the LDH conversion coating mainly comprises C, O, Mg, and Al, and the main phase is Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O.

Morphological Effect on the Intermetallic Compound Layer Growth Kinetics of Metallurgical Joining

2020 ◽  
Vol 307 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Azman Jalar ◽  
Maria Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohd. Zulhakimi Ab. Razak ◽  
Norliza Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Intermetallic Layer ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Growth Exponent ◽  
Intermetallic Compound Layer ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Morphological Effect ◽  
Kinetics Of

Evaluating the growth kinetics is one of the most important characteristic in assessing the quality and reliability of metallurgical joining, especially in electronics packaging such as soldering and wire bonding technology. The growth kinetics is normally assessed using Arrhenius equation that involves diffusion activities due to thermally activated process. The well-known factors of thermal and time together with generally accepted growth exponent have been widely used for this assessment. The intermetallic compound layer which is the by-product of metallurgical reaction during soldering process has been exposed to high temperature to accelerate its growth. The cross-section of the joining was observed using optical microscope to quantify the layer of intermetallic compound. Morphological effect and shape factor of the layer have been analysed in complement with the effect of temperature and time on the growth behaviour. Directional growth and irregularities shape of the intermetallic layer show some inconsistency on the selection of growth exponent. The effect of initial size of intermetallic layer must also be considered in this assessment. This study suggests that the morphological effect must be analysed prior to the selection the growth exponent in assessing growth behaviour and kinetics of intermetallic layer in metallurgical joining.

Changes caused by heat treatment in chemical composition and some physical properties of acacia hybrid sapwood

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Manh Tuong ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Acacia Hybrid

Abstract Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium×auriculiformis) sapwood was heat-treated in nitrogen under laboratory conditions for 2–6 h at 210°C–230°C. Chemical composition and physical properties including water absorption and swelling were examined. The results showed that these properties were reduced significantly by heat treatment, and there is an interactive effect of temperature and time on them. Chemical changes of the wood surface were determined by X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy analysis. Results indicate that the O/C ratio decreases as a function of treatment intensity due to the migration of extractives and degradation products to the surface during heat treatment. The C1s peaks showed an elevated content of lignin and extractives, whereas the hydroxyl group content was diminished with elevated treatment temperature. The O1s peaks revealed an increase in the O1 peak and confirmed the course of C1s peaks. These results coincide with the decrease in water absorption and swelling of wood after heat treatment.

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