Changes caused by heat treatment in chemical composition and some physical properties of acacia hybrid sapwood

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Manh Tuong ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Acacia Hybrid

Abstract Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium×auriculiformis) sapwood was heat-treated in nitrogen under laboratory conditions for 2–6 h at 210°C–230°C. Chemical composition and physical properties including water absorption and swelling were examined. The results showed that these properties were reduced significantly by heat treatment, and there is an interactive effect of temperature and time on them. Chemical changes of the wood surface were determined by X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy analysis. Results indicate that the O/C ratio decreases as a function of treatment intensity due to the migration of extractives and degradation products to the surface during heat treatment. The C1s peaks showed an elevated content of lignin and extractives, whereas the hydroxyl group content was diminished with elevated treatment temperature. The O1s peaks revealed an increase in the O1 peak and confirmed the course of C1s peaks. These results coincide with the decrease in water absorption and swelling of wood after heat treatment.

BÖHLER W403 VMR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Diffusion Annealing ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) W403 VMR is a tool steel with outstanding properties, based not only on a modified chemical composition, but on the selection of highly clean raw materials for melting, remelting under vacuum (VMF), optimized diffusion annealing, and a special heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-721. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH.

scholarly journals Water Resistance and Creep Behavior of Heat-Treated Moso Bamboo Determined by the Stepped Isostress Method

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Teng-Chun Yang ◽  
Tung-Lin Wu ◽  
Chin-Hao Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Heat Treated

The influence of heat treatment on the physico-mechanical properties, water resistance, and creep behavior of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) was determined in this study. The results revealed that the density, moisture content, and flexural properties showed negative relationships with the heat treatment temperature, while an improvement in the dimensional stability (anti-swelling efficiency and anti-water absorption efficiency) of heat-treated samples was observed during water absorption tests. Additionally, the creep master curves of the untreated and heat-treated samples were successfully constructed using the stepped isostress method (SSM) at a series of elevated stresses. Furthermore, the SSM-predicted creep compliance curves fit well with the 90-day full-scale experimental data. When the heat treatment temperature increased to 180 °C, the degradation ratio of the creep resistance (rd) significantly increased over all periods. However, the rd of the tested bamboo decreased as the heat treatment temperature increased up to 220 °C.

scholarly journals Functional properties of parsley fortified homemade Turkish noodles (Erişte)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Safiye Nur Dirim ◽  
Gülşah Çalişkan Koç
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Swelling Volume

Turkish noodle is a staple traditional dish in the Turkish cuisine and generally made out of wheat flour, egg, salt and vegetable oil. The aims of this study were to improve the formulation of Turkish noodles by the addition of minced parsley (2, 4, 6 and 8% weight), to improve their functional properties and swelling volume, to determine the effect on the physical properties (moisture content, water activity, and colour) and chemical composition (vitamin C, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, and protein content) of the homemade plain and fortified Turkish noddle dough (FHTD) and the fortified homemade Turkish noodles (FHTN), to determine the traditional and microwave cooking characteristics and to indicate consumer preferences of FHTN with fresh parsley. The results showed that the amount of addition of fresh parsley caused a significant increase in the moisture content values of FHTD (31.59-36.08%) (P<0.05). The vitamin C, total chlorophyll and total carotenoid contents of the FHTD and FHTN were improved with the addition of fresh parsley. The traditionally cooked FHTN have got higher water absorption (30.25-38.90g) and swelling volume values (237.50-267.50%) than microwave cooked FHTN (WA=29.03–34.77g, SV=240.00-265.00%) (P<0.05). The noodles containing 2% parsley had the highest rating compared to both plain and other samples.

Effect of Heat-Treatment Temperature on the Osteoconductivity of the Apatite Derived from Bovine Bone

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hoon Rhee ◽  
Ho Nam Park ◽  
Yang Jo Seol ◽  
Chong Pyong Chung ◽  
Sang Hyuk Han
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Carbonate Ions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Field Emission Electron Microscopy

Effect of heat-treatment temperature on the osteoconductivity of the apatite derived from bovine trabecular bone was investigated. Three different heat-treatment temperatures (600, 800 and 1000 oC) were adopted in the experiment and their effects on the physical properties of apatite granules, which could affect on the osteoconductivity, were evaluated. The content of carbonate ions in the apatite structure was assessed by FT-IR and its crystallinity was evaluated by X-ray diffractometry. The microstructure was assessed by field emission electron microscopy. Apatite granules heat-treated at 600 oC and 1000 oC were implanted into the calvaria of New Zealand White rabbit for 4 weeks, respectively, and the undecalcified ground histologic specimens stained with multiple staining method was observed. As increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the crystal size and crystallinity of the apatite increased while the content of carbonate ions decreased. The apatite granules heat-treated at 600 oC showed much better osteoconductivity comparing to that heat-treated at 1000 oC. The results were explained in terms of the physical properties of apatite which could affect to the osteoconductivity.

scholarly journals Comparison of colors, microstructure, chemical composition and thermal properties of bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells with heat treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyu Wu ◽  
Tuhua Zhong ◽  
Wenfu Zhang ◽  
Jiangjing Shi ◽  
Benhua Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Bamboo Fibers

AbstractThe effects of heat treatment at various temperatures on mechanically separated bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells were examined in terms of color, microstructure, chemical composition, crystallinity, and thermal properties. The heat-treated parenchyma cells and fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), chemical composition analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that the colors of bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells were darkened as treatment temperature increased. The microstructure of the treated fibers and parenchyma cells slightly changed, yet the shape of starch granules in parenchyma cells markedly altered at a temperature of above 160 °C. The chemical compositions varied depending on the heat treatment temperature. When treated at 220 °C, the cellulose content was almost unchanged in fibers but increased by 15% in parenchyma cells; the hemicellulose content decreased and the lignin content increased regardless of fibers and parenchyma cells. The cellulose crystal structure was nearly unaffected by heat treatment, but the cellulose crystallinity of fibers changed more pronouncedly than that of parenchyma cells. The thermal stability of parenchyma cells after heat treatment was affected more substantially compared to fibers.

Cytotoxicity and the Effect of Temperature on Physical Properties and Chemical Composition of a New Calcium Silicate–based Root Canal Sealer

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binwen Chen ◽  
Markus Haapasalo ◽  
Christophe Mobuchon ◽  
Xianyu Li ◽  
Jingzhi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Root Canal Sealer

DOCOL 1400 MZE

Alloy Digest ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
Bend Strength

Abstract DOCOL 1400 MZE is a cold reduced fully martensitic steel. Docol M steels are manufactured using special heat treatment in a continuous annealing line. The ultra high strength is produced by extremely fast water quenching from an elevated austenitic temperature range. Docol M grades are characterized by good formability at these high strength levels combined with good weldability. All conventional welding methods can be used due to the lean chemical composition. The ZE suffix in the title signifies that is electrogalvanized. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on forming and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-689. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc..

DOCOL 1200 MZE

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
Martensitic Steels ◽  
Temperature Range

Abstract Docol M are cold reduced fully martensitic steels. These steels are manufactured using special heat treatment in a continuous annealing line. The ultra high strength is produced by extremely fast water quenching from an elevated austenitic temperature range. Docol M grades are characterized by good formability at these high-strength levels combined with good weldability. All conventional welding methods can be used due to the lean chemical composition. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming. Filing Code: SA-687. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc..

scholarly journals Laboratory Measurement and Interpretation of the Changes of Physical Properties after Heat Treatment in Tight Porous Media

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yili Kang ◽  
Mingjun Chen ◽  
Lijun You ◽  
Xiangchen Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Structure Generation ◽  
Tight Porous Media

Prevention of water blocking and optimization of multiscale flow channels will increase gas production of tight reservoirs. Physical properties of samples from representative tight gas reservoirs were measured before and after high temperature treatment. Results show that, with the increase of treatment temperature, mass decreases, acoustic transit time increases, and permeability and porosity increase. Permeability begins to increase dramatically if treatment temperature exceeds the threshold value of thermal fracturing, which is 600~700°C, 500~600°C, 300~500°C, and 300~400°C for shale, mudstone, tight sandstone, and tight carbonate rock, respectively. Comprehensive analyses indicate that the mechanisms of heat treatment on tight porous media include evaporation and dehydration of water, change of mineral structure, generation of microfracture, and network connectivity. Meanwhile, field implementation is reviewed and prospected. Interpretations indicate that, according to the characteristics of multiscale mass transfer in tight gas formation, combining heat treatment with conventional stimulation methods can achieve the best stimulation result.

Changes in the Properties of Light-Irradiated Wood with Heat Treatment. Part 1. Effect of Treatment Conditions on the Change in Color

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mitsui ◽  
H. Takada ◽  
M. Sugiyama ◽  
R. Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Summary The effect of heat treatment on changing the color of light-irradiated wood was investigated. The change in the lightness, ∆L*, of light-irradiated wood with heat treatment was much greater than that of unirradiated wood. The chroma coordinates, ∆a*, of irradiated wood increased with treatment temperature and time. ∆b* decreased after showing a sharp increase with a short period of heat treatment. It is thought that the changes are related to a change in the chemical composition which was accelerated by heat. With low temperature treatment, the color of irradiated wood changed remarkably with high relative humidity. Little change in color was observed with low relative humidity. Therefore, heat and the presence of water accelerated the change in the color of irradiated wood. This treatment is available as a new coloring method.

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