scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE FLOWERING OF SOYBEANS. : 1. Influence of Different Day Length, comparatively Warm Night Temperature and Hotbed Culture of Seedlings for Definite perite Period upon The Flowering of Soybeans.

1952 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 317-318
Author(s):  
EIJI KAWAHARA
Keyword(s):  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Warm Night

Environmental influences on light and dark CO2 fixation by Kalanchoe daigremontiana

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1132-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nalborczyk ◽  
L. J. Lacroix ◽  
R. D. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Long Day ◽  
C Value ◽  
Warm Night ◽  
Dark Co2 Fixation ◽  
Kalanchoë Daigremontiana ◽  
Kalanchoe Daigremontiana

The influence of day length, light quality, temperature, drought, and oxygen concentration on gas exchange of Kalanchoe daigremontiana was investigated. The ratio of photosynthesis to dark CO2 fixation with plants under a long-day and short-warm-night regime was 2.0 and under a short-day and long-cool-night regime, 0.2. With drought conditions this value may be less than 0.02. Under low oxygen concentrations high photosynthetic rates of about 20 mg CO2 dm−2 h−1 were observed with a compensation point of about 20 ppm. Restricting CO2 supply to dark periods produced plants with a δ13C value of −10.6‰. Restricting CO2 supply to light periods gave a δ13C value of −25.9‰, whereas no control of CO2 gave δ13C values of −15‰. The data obtained suggest that variations in δ13C values in Kalanchoe result from changes in the proportion of light and dark CO2 fixation.Far-red light and oxygen promoted the release of CO2 from Kalanchoe after the plants had undergone a period of dark CO2 fixation. Maximum release occurred within about 1 h. The effect could be reversed by removal of either far-red light or oxygen. Decreases in the acidity of the plants accompanied CO2 release, which indicated that decarboxylation of a C4 acid was the source of the CO2.

Effects of prior environmental conditions on the subsequent uptake and release of carbon dioxide in the light

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1999-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Steward ◽  
G. H. Craven ◽  
S. P. R. Weerasinghe ◽  
R. G. S. Bidwell
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Total Uptake ◽  
Short Days ◽  
Simultaneous Evolution ◽  
Uptake And Release

Rates of uptake and simultaneous evolution of carbon dioxide in the light were measured on leaves from various plants by a 14CO2–12CO2 technique under standardized conditions. The measurements were made on leaves from rice, potato, and carrot plants grown under conditions of long or short days combined with high or low night temperatures. The rates of uptake and release of carbon dioxide in the light, and the relationships between them, were affected by the prior conditions that obtained during growth (day length and night temperature), by the age of the leaves, and by the developmental stage of the plants. Since the total uptake of carbon dioxide and its release in the light did not always respond to these variables to the same extent, or even in the same direction, the effectiveness of photosynthesis was often markedly affected. The implications of these observations are, therefore, discussed.

Effects of Season on Parthenocarpic and Fertilized Summer Squash (Cucumis pepo L.)

1974 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Rylski
Keyword(s):  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Summer Squash ◽  
Final Weight

SUMMARYThe effect was investigated of seasonal differences between winter and spring on the development of parthenocarpic and fertilized fruits in two squash cultivars, Zucchini Elite F1 and Bushy White. The former had stronger parthenocarpic characteristics than the latter. The effect of night temperature on growth of the parthenocarpic fruits was most pronounced, both rate of growth and final weight increasing with decreasing temperature. Whereas long days inhibited development of parthenocarpic fruits, the heaviest and longest fruits were obtained under normal day-length conditions.

Reproduction in Heteropogon contortus. I. Photoperiodic effects on flowering and sex expression

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Tothill ◽  
RB Knox
Keyword(s):  
Sex Expression ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Heteropogon Contortus ◽  
Short Day ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Flowering Behaviour

The flowering behaviour of selected Australian and African populations of Heteropogon contortus in response to a range of photoperiods was assessed in the Canberra phytotron (CERES) under a 30/25°C day/night temperature regime. Photoperiods comprised 8 hr of natural light supplemented with low intensity incandescent illumination to give a range between 10 and 18 hr in each photocycle. The patterns of response showed H. contortus to be a short-day plant. Lines from both Australian and African populations originating from lower latitudes, and late-flowering when grown in a grass garden, flowered only in photoperiods shorter than 12 hr, remaining vegetative at longer day lengths. These were qualitative short-day plants. In contrast, the early-flowering lines showed either a qualitative or a quantitative short-day response; the latter flowered in all photoperiods but more rapidly at shorter day lengths. The nature of the early- and late-flowering behaviour is explained on the basis of the short-day responses and climatic adaptation. Since the inflorescences are polygamous, a sex ratio was calculated for all inflorescences formed by using the ratio of number of male+male spikelet pairs v. the number of female+male spikelet pairs. Increasing the photoperiod resulted in inflorescences containing more male spikelets and fewer awned female spikelets. From this it appears that day length exerts some influence over the determination of sex, and thus of seed production, in H. contortus. Versatility of this kind may well have adaptive significance depending on the breeding system in that it can partially control population heterogeneity and thus be of phytogeographic significance.

Effects of day-night temperature combinations under constant day length on emergence and early growth of sericea lespedeza genotypes

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
K. L. Kalburtji ◽  
J. A. Mosjidis ◽  
A. P. Mamolos
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Sericea Lespedeza ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Minimum ◽  
Number Of Branches

Establishment of sericea lespedeza [Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont de Courset) G. Don.] in southeastern USA is difficult. Seedling emergence may be related to the range of temperatures prevalent during establishment. A growth chamber study was undertaken to measure the effect of temperature on seedling emergence of 56 sericea lespedeza genotypes. Main treatments were: (1) plants grown at three day-night temperature combinations with maximum/minimum temperature difference of 14°C. The temperature combinations were 22/8°C, 27/13°C, and 32/18°C; (2) plants grown at three day-night temperature combinations with maximum/minimum temperature difference of 7°C. This was accomplished by lowering the day temperature and keeping the night temperature the same as above. Emergence was reduced by about 27% with reduction of 7°C in day-night temperature within the range of temperatures used. Plant height, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and number of branches were very sensitive to temperature combinations. Increases in temperature caused increases in height, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and number of branches of all genotypes. Further screening of sericea for emergence and growth under low temperature may lead to cultivars with more vigorous seedlings that can be better established early in the season. Key words: Plant growth, temperatures, seedling emergence, Sericea, southern USA

The influence of night temperature under declining photoperiod on bud initiation in black spruce seedlings

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Odlum ◽  
S. J. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Bud Initiation

The effect of night temperature on the speed of bud initiation in black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) container seedlings was studied. Day lengths were progressively shortened in plant growth chambers to simulate the natural day-length decline that occurs in the fall at latitude 48°N. During the period of day-length decline a constant 26 °C day temperature was maintained, while night temperatures of 5, 7.5, 10, 14, 18, 22, 24, or 26 °C were imposed. When the night temperature was 10–24 °C, first signs of bud initiation were observed in 12–15 days, while 100% bud initiation was attained in 15–22 days. When the night temperature was 5, 7.5, or 26 °C, first bud initiation was observed in 15–22 days, while 100% bud initiation was not attained until 40 days.

scholarly journals MODELING DAHLIA `ROYAL DAHLIETTA YELLOW' TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT RATE

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 720C-720
Author(s):  
Jens J. Brondum ◽  
Royal D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Leaf Unfolding ◽  
The Difference

Dahlia “Royal Dahlietta Yellow” plants were grown in controlled temperature chambers under 25 different day and night temperature environments ranging from 10°C to 30°C. The day length was 12 hours with an average PPF level of 300 micromolm-2 s-1 at canopy level. Leaf unfolding rate, shoot elongation and flower development rate were determined and models developed. Leaf unfolding rate increased as temperature increased up to 25°C. Stem elongation increased as the difference between day and night temperature increased. Flower initiation was delayed at high (30°C) temperature and flower development rate increased as temperature increased from 10°C to 25°C. Plants are currently being grown under greenhouse conditions to provide data for validating the models.

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