Rotational Crops Response to Soil Applied Trifloxysulfuron

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford W. Minton ◽  
Mark A. Matocha ◽  
Scott A. Senseman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Soil Persistence ◽  
Corn Grain

Research was conducted along the Texas Gulf Coast in 1998 and 1999 to determine trifloxysulfuron soil persistence and potential injury to corn, grain sorghum, rice, and soybeans. Trifloxysulfuron was applied at 0, 7.5, and 60 g/ha to plots 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90 d prior to planting of crops. Corn and grain sorghum were more sensitive to trifloxysulfuron than rice and soybeans when planted 0 to 90 d after treatment (DAT). Trifloxysulfuron was more persistent at the San Patricio location than at Fort Bend, which had a lower soil pH. However, no phytotoxicity or plant-height reduction was observed at the four locations with corn, grain sorghum, rice, and soybeans planted 209 to 312 DAT. Greenhouse data showed that neither corn nor sunflower planted 209 to 312 DAT were adversely affected by either rate of trifloxysulfuron. Trifloxysulfuron applied to cotton up to 20 g/ha the previous year should not cause phytotoxicity to corn, grain sorghum, rice, or soybeans when grown in rotation under soil and weather conditions similar to those in these studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Fungicide Applications on Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Growth and Yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan D. Fromme ◽  
Trey Price ◽  
Josh Lofton ◽  
Tom Isakeit ◽  
Ronnie Schnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Disease Pressure

Field studies were conducted in the upper Texas Gulf Coast and in central Louisiana during the 2013 through 2015 growing seasons to evaluate the effects of fungicides on grain sorghum growth and development when disease pressure was low or nonexistent. Azoxystrobin and flutriafol at 1.0 L/ha and pyraclostrobin at 0.78 L/ha were applied to the plants of two grain sorghum hybrids (DKS 54-00, DKS 53-67) at 25% bloom and compared with the nontreated check for leaf chlorophyll content, leaf temperature, and plant lodging during the growing season as well as grain mold, test weight, yield, and nitrogen and protein content of the harvested grain. The application of a fungicide had no effect on any of the variables tested with grain sorghum hybrid responses noted. DKS 53-67 produced higher yield, greater test weight, higher percent protein, and N than DKS 54-00. Results of this study indicate that the application of a fungicide when little or no disease is present does not promote overall plant health or increase yield.

Effect of Carrier Volume on Grain Sorghum Response to Simulated Drift of Nicosulfuron

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 684-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Matocha ◽  
Curtis A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Herbicide Concentration ◽  
Carrier Volume

Research was conducted in 2010 and 2012 to determine the effect of simulated drift of nicosulfuron on growth and yield of grain sorghum. Herbicide rates represented 25, 12.5, and 6.3% of the use rate of nicosulfuron at 52 g ai ha−1. Nicosulfuron was applied in a constant carrier volume of 224 L ha−1where herbicide concentration decreased with reduction in rate, and in carrier volumes of 56, 28, and 14 L ha−1proportional to the 25, 12.5, and 6.3% herbicide rates, respectively. In 2010, grain sorghum injury and yield were greater when nicosulfuron was applied in constant compared to proportional carrier volume. Grain sorghum injury and plant height reduction increased with increasing nicosulfuron rate when averaged across carrier volume both years. In 2012, there was a greater reduction in grain sorghum yield from nicosulfuron applied in proportional carrier volume. These data indicate that simulated drift of nicosulfuron onto conventional grain sorghum causes significant height and yield reduction even at the lowest herbicide rate tested, and the effect of carrier volume may be influenced by seasonal rainfall.

scholarly journals Grain Sorghum Response to Hybrid, Row Spacing, and Plant Populations along the Upper Texas Gulf Coast

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan D. Fromme ◽  
Carlos J. Fernandez ◽  
W. James Grichar ◽  
Rick L. Jahn
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Average Rainfall

Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. Moench) along the upper Texas Gulf Coast is planted at different row spacings, plant populations, and hybrids according to grower preference and location. This study was conducted over a 3-year period (2001 to 2003) to determine the combination of hybrid, row spacing, and plant population on yield and net return per hectare. Below average rainfall for May and June occurred in 2002 and 2003 which resulted in lower yields than 2001. In 2001 and 2003, Dekalb (DK) 54 generally produced higher yields than Asgrow (A) 571 on the 51 cm row spacing. In 2002, no differences in grain sorghum yield were found when comparing both hybrids, plant populations, or row spacing with the exception of A 571 planted at 148,000 plants/ha on 102 cm centers which resulted in a yield reduction of at least 25%. When net returns were compared regardless of year or rainfall received, net dollar value per hectare tended to be higher for the 51 cm row spacing, especially with A 571.

Growth and Mineral Nutrition in Salt Stressed Guava ( Psidium guajava L.) cv . Allahabad Safeda

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANSHUMAN SINGH ◽  
ASHWANI KUMAR ◽  
R.K. YADAV ◽  
ASHIM DUTTA ◽  
D.K. SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Experimental Soil

Guav a cv . Allahabad Safeda w as grown in saline soils and irrigated with the best av ailable w ater -1 -1 + -1 (EC 2.8 dS m ). Based on chemical composition (pH- 7.1, EC - 2.8 dS m , Na - 20.04 meq l and IW IW sodium adsorption ratio- 4.86), irrigation w ater w as categorized as marginally saline. The soil pH 2 -1 w as mostly below 8.5 but mean electrical conductivity (EC ) v alues ranged from 0.5-2 dS m 2 indicating moderate to high salinity in the experimental soil. After one-y ear of experimentation, fiv e plants randomly selected from each treatment and the data w ere recorded. Plant height -1 -1 significantly increased (LSD 5%) with increase in salinity from 0.5 dS m to 1.4 dS m . A similar -1 trend w as noted with respect to stem girth. The av erage plant height at 0.5, 0.9 and 1.4 dS m salinity lev els w as 98.3 cm, 108.3 cm and 123 cm, respectiv ely whereas the corresponding stem girth v alues -1 w ere 2.24 cm, 2.28 cm and 2.46 cm. At 2 dS m salinity ,how ev er , both av erage plant height (94.6 cm) and stem girth (2.24 cm) significantly decreased and w ere found to be comparable to control (0.5 dS -1 + -1 m ) v alues. Plants show ed negligible Na accumulation in leav es up to 1.4 dS m salinity , but -1 + exposure to elev ated salinity (2 dS m ) significantly increased leaf Na (0.16% DW). These data -1 indicated a salinity tolerance (EC )threshold of about 1.5 dS m inguav a cultiv ar Allahabad Safeda.

EPTC Plus R-25788 Injury to Corn (Zea Mays) as Affected by Plant Age at Treatment

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Burt ◽  
C. A. Buzio
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Respective Control ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

The susceptibility of corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3334A’) at different stages of growth to EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) plus a herbicide-protectant, R-25788 (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide), was studied in the greenhouse. Corn was treated with either 25 ppm or 12.5 ppm EPTC containing R-25788 at planting and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks thereafter. The herbicide was soil-applied and immediately incorporated by watering. Phytotoxicity and plant height were observed periodically for 56 days after herbicide treatment. Within 21 days after treatment with 25 ppm EPTC containing R-25788, injury and plant height reduction occurred in corn treated at planting, or at 2 and 4 weeks but not at 6 or 8 weeks after planting. At 56 days, however, corn treated at planting or 2 weeks after planting had outgrown all injury symptoms and was as tall as the controls (>84%). Corn treated at 4 weeks after planting, however, still remained injured and was 45% as tall as its respective control. Corn treated at 6 to 8 weeks showed no injury during the entire period of observations. The data indicates that corn is most susceptible to EPTC plus R-25788 at 4 weeks after planting. The results of this greenhouse study are discussed in relation to corn injury as observed in the field.

Involution and Cystic Transformation of the Thymus in the Bottlenose Dolphin, Tursiops truncatus

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Thymic Cysts

The thymus glands of 10 bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, collected along the Texas Gulf coast were examined using standard histologic and immunocytochemical methods. The thymus gland of Tursiops persists into adult life, represented by medulla and progressively thinning cortex. A network of epithelial cells, including Hassal bodies, is demonstrable using polyclonal anti-cytokeratin antibody. The network condenses, with loss of lymphoid cells as involution progresses. Cysts arise within the condensed network. These cysts, found in eight of 10 animals, increase in number and size with increasing body size. Body size tends to reflect age. Thymic cysts typically have an irregular shape when small but tend to become spherical as they enlarge. Theey may be lined by squamous epithelium of variable thickness. Eventually, the cysts become macroscopic and filled with a colloidlike material and may largely replace the thymus, which may be identified by noncystic remnants adjacent to the cysts.

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