Relative Humidity and Activity Patterns ofIxodes scapularis(Acari: Ixodidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Berger ◽  
H. S. Ginsberg ◽  
L. Gonzalez ◽  
T. N. Mather
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Activity Patterns

Preliminary observations on factors affecting foraging activity in the limpet Patella vulgata

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Little ◽  
David Morritt ◽  
David M. Paterson ◽  
Penny Stirling ◽  
Gray A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
High Water ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Calm Water ◽  
Lough Hyne

Activity patterns of limpets were studied at two adjacent sites in an Irish sea lough, Lough Hyne, in order to relate timing of activity to physical and biological influences. Activity was suppressed during heavy rainfall, and osmotic stress from dilution appears to have led to increased mortality in transplanted limpets. Activity increased as tides progressed from neaps to springs, and for limpets low on the shore it was enhanced by wave action. It is suggested that lack of activity in calm water may reduce predation pressure from crabs, which caused high mortality in transplanted limpets. Either low relative humidity or dryness of the rock diminished activity of low-water limpets. Differences in feeding activity between low-water limpets and high-water limpets may relate to food supply, since more food was available low on the shore, and the guts of low-water limpets contained more diatoms than those of high-water individuals. Differences between the two sites are at present unexplained but may relate to differences in micro habitats.

scholarly journals Activity strategy and pattern of the Siberian jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica) in the Alxa desert region, China

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10996
Author(s):  
Yu Ji ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Heping Fu ◽  
Suwen Yang ◽  
Fan Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Desert Region ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Perceived Predation Risk

Rodents exhibit seasonal changes in their activity patterns as an essential survival strategy. We studied the activity patterns and strategies of the Siberian jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica) in the Alxa desert region to better understand the habitats and behavioural ecology of xeric rodents. We conducted an experiment using three plots to monitor the duration, time, and frequency of the active period of the Siberian jerboa using infrared cameras in the Alxa field workstation, Inner Mongolia, China in 2017. The relationships between the activity time and frequency, biological factors (perceived predation risk, food resources, and species composition), and abiotic factors (temperature, air moisture, wind speed) were analysed using Redundancy Analysis (RDA). Our results showed that: (1) relative humidity mainly affected activities in the springtime; temperature, relative humidity and interspecific competition mainly affected activities in the summertime; relative humidity and perceived predation risk mainly influenced activities in the autumn. (2) The activity pattern of the Siberian jerboa altered depending on the season. The activity of the Siberian jerboa was found to be bimodal in spring and summer, and was trimodal in autumn. The activity time and frequency in autumn were significantly lower than the spring. (3) Animals possess the ability to integrate disparate sources of information about danger to optimize energy gain. The jerboa adapted different responses to predation risks and competition in different seasons according to the demand for food resources.

Seasonal patterns and influence of temperature on the daily activity of the diurnal neotropical rodent Necromys lasiurus

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Vieira ◽  
L. C. Baumgarten ◽  
G. Paise ◽  
R. G. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Temperature Relation ◽  
Central Brazil

We investigated the relation between temperature and diel activity patterns of Necromys lasiurus (Lund, 1841) in 10 sites of open vegetation (grassland fields) in the Cerrado (savanna-like vegetation) of central Brazil. We used live traps equipped with timing devices during two trapping sessions: in the end of the dry season (session 1, October 2001) and in the wet season (session 2, January–February 2002). Necromys lasiurus is basically a diurnal rodent with more pronounced crepuscular and nocturnal activity in the dry season than in the wet season. Only in the wet season did we detect significant between-gender differences, with males being less active than females in the first hours after sunrise but more active between 0900 and 1200. There was no significant activity–temperature relation in the dry season, but in the wet season, both genders showed a positive relation between ambient temperature and activity. Individuals might be avoiding hot midday hours in the end of the dry season to minimize time exposure to a physiologically stressful condition caused by the joint action of high temperatures and extremely low relative humidity (<15%). In the rainy season, the high relative humidity (80%–90%) might allow the animals to show a positive relation between activity and ambient temperature.

Good timing: evaluating anuran activity and detectability patterns in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Pereira-Ribeiro ◽  
Atilla Colombo Ferreguetti ◽  
Helena Godoy Bergallo ◽  
Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Species Activity

Abstract ContextAnimal activity patterns throughout the day constitute an important dimension of their ecological niche, and may have ecological and evolutionary implications; for an organism to be active during the day or night period, a series of conditions requiring different anatomical, physiological and behavioural adaptations must be met. AimsTo study the anuran community in an area of Atlantic Forest in Brazil, to evaluate the species activity period as well as the diurnal and nocturnal detection probabilities of anurans, and to relate these activities to environmental variables such as air temperature, relative humidity and precipitation. MethodsThe anurans were sampled along 21 plot transects in the diurnal period and during a nocturnal period, with temperature and relative humidity measured in each plot. Species were considered predominantly diurnal or nocturnal if 35% or more individuals were recorded during one of these periods. Anuran detectability was estimated using single-season occupancy models, relating to environmental variables. Key resultsOf the individuals recorded, 12% were recorded during diurnal sampling and 88% were recorded during nocturnal sampling, with Ololygon agilis being the only species considered diurnal. The probability of detection was affected by only two variables (period and humidity). ConclusionsThe anuran community in the study area was essentially nocturnal, with only one species that could be considered diurnal. Additionally, detectability was higher at night, with humidity being the most important variable affecting species detection. ImplicationsSurveys can be planned under climatic conditions that positively influence the probabilities of detection to improve the effectiveness of monitoring species and/or anurans community.

Predicting spatial activity patterns in a neural map from a probabilistic atlas of 3-D reconstructed neurons

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 812-813
Author(s):  
G. Jacobs ◽  
F. Theunissen
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Probabilistic Atlas ◽  
Uniform Sample ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Visualization Techniques

In order to understand how the algorithms underlying neural computation are implemented within any neural system, it is necessary to understand details of the anatomy, physiology and global organization of the neurons from which the system is constructed. Information is represented in neural systems by patterns of activity that vary in both their spatial extent and in the time domain. One of the great challenges to microscopists is to devise methods for imaging these patterns of activity and to correlate them with the underlying neuroanatomy and physiology. We have addressed this problem by using a combination of three dimensional reconstruction techniques, quantitative analysis and computer visualization techniques to build a probabilistic atlas of a neural map in an insect sensory system. The principal goal of this study was to derive a quantitative representation of the map, based on a uniform sample of afferents that was of sufficient size to allow statistically meaningful analyses of the relationships between structure and function.

Inducing Unconscious Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
Melanie M. van der Ploeg ◽  
Jos F. Brosschot ◽  
Markus Quirin ◽  
Richard D. Lane ◽  
Bart Verkuil
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Prime Word ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Priming Task ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress And Health

Abstract. Stress-related stimuli may be presented outside of awareness and may ultimately influence health by causing repetitive increases in physiological parameters, such as blood pressure (BP). In this study, we aimed to corroborate previous studies that demonstrated BP effects of subliminally presented stress-related stimuli. This would add evidence to the hypothesis that unconscious manifestations of stress can affect somatic health. Additionally, we suggest that these findings may be extended by measuring affective changes relating to these physiological changes, using measures for self-reported and implicit positive and negative affectivity. Using a repeated measures between-subject design, we presented either the prime word “angry” ( n = 26) or “relax” ( n = 28) subliminally (17 ms) for 100 trials to a student sample and measured systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and affect. The “angry” prime, compared to the “relax” prime, did not affect any of the outcome variables. During the priming task, a higher level of implicit negative affect (INA) was associated with a lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. No association was found with HR. Self-reported affect and implicit positive affect were not related to the cardiovascular (CV) activity. In sum, anger and relax primes elicited similar CV activity patterns, but implicit measures of affect may provide a new method to examine the relationship between (unconscious) stress and health.

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