Biological control based on the age-stage, two-sex life table, predation rate, and population projection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin Chi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Population Projection

scholarly journals Consuming Parasitized Aphids Alters the Life History and Decreases Predation Rate of Aphid Predator

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Jian-Feng Liu ◽  
Xiu-Qin Wang ◽  
Jacqueline R. Beggs ◽  
Hou-Ding Ou ◽  
Xiao-Fei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Aphidius Gifuensis ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Predation Rates

Intraguild predation interactions have substantial theoretical and practical implications for the dynamics of natural competitor populations used for biological control. Intraguild predation on parasitized aphids not only has a direct, negative effect on the parasitoid species, but it may indirectly influence the predator’s development, survival, reproduction and predation rates. In this study, we used two-sex life table theory, life table parameters and predation rates of Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) to compare when its populations fed on aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) that were either unparasitized or parasitized by Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Our results showed that individuals of A. aphidimyza were capable of completing their development and attaining maturity when they fed on parasitized aphids. Although feeding on parasitized aphids did not influence the survival rates of immature A. aphidimyza, it did significantly slow their development and extended their longevity, thereby reducing the fecundity and predation rates of A. aphidimyza. These findings may be pivotal for better understanding the sustained coexistence of predators with parasitoids in the biological control of aphids.

Development and Fecundity of Orius minutus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and O. laevigatus Reared on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1735-1740
Author(s):  
Md Arefur Rahman ◽  
Souvic Sarker ◽  
Eunhye Ham ◽  
Jun-Seok Lee ◽  
Un Taek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Hatch Rate ◽  
Polyphagous Predator ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Table Analysis ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Abstract The polyphagous predator Orius species is a dominant predator of thrips, mites, and aphids. Orius laevigatus (Fieber) is a well-known commercialized and effective biological control agent, whereas Orius minutus (L.) distributed widely over the world has not been commercialized. To assess potentials of developing O. minutus as a commercial biological control agent, we compared the biological parameters of O. minutus with O. laevigatus when reared on mixed stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch at 27.5°C. Nymphal development of O. laevigatus was shorter (11.30 d) than that of O. minutus (12.25 d), but there was no significant difference in survivorship between the two species. Also, no significant difference was found in either the preoviposition or oviposition periods, lifetime fecundity, or longevity between the two species. However, O. minutus eggs had a higher hatch rate (0.77) than O. laevigatus (0.71). In life table analysis, no difference was found in any parameters, i.e., R0, rm, λ, T, and DT, between O. laevigatus and O. minutus in two-tailed t-tests. In a predation bioassay, O. minutus consumed 1.39 times more adult T. urticae in 24 h than did O. laevigatus, although the predation rate on T. urticae eggs was similar between the two species. These results suggest that O. minutus native to Korea could be developed as a biological control agent against T. urticae.

Predation, prey preference and reproduction of predatory mites Amblydromalus limonicus (Garman), Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) on immature Sericothrips staphylinus Haliday (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a biocontrol agent of gorse

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Wendy Lam ◽  
Quentin Paynter ◽  
Zhi-Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Neoseiulus Cucumeris ◽  
Amblydromalus Limonicus ◽  
Amblyseius Herbicolus

Gorse, Ulex europaeus, is an invasive weed that has serious agricultural, economic and ecological impacts. Although various biological control agents have been released in New Zealand, these have showed no noticeable impact on gorse populations. One such agent, Sericothrips staphylinus, was introduced to New Zealand in 1990 and although laboratory impact studies indicated it was a highly promising gorse biological control agent, it has not been as effective as was hoped. We hypothesized this was due to predation by natural enemies. This study investigated the predation and oviposition rates of three phytoseiid mites (Amblydromalus limonicus, Amblyseius herbicolus, and Neoseiulus cucumeris) that have been found on gorse plants in New Zealand on three S. staphylinus stages (1st instar larvae, 2nd instar larvae, and prepupa) in both choice and non-choice conditions. In non-choice conditions, A. limonicus had the highest predation and oviposition rate across all three immature stages, and N. cucumeris had the lowest. Amblydromalus  limonicus, A. herbicolus, and N. cucumeris all had their highest predation rate when consuming 1st instar larvae, and their lowest predation rate when consuming prepupa. In the choice experiment, all three predatory mite species consumed their highest proportion of 1st instar larvae, and their lowest proportion of prepupae.  The oviposition rate of all three mite species in the choice experiment was similar to the oviposition rate when presented with 1st instar larvae only. The results from this study confirm that A. limonicus, A. herbicolus, and N. cucumeris can predate and reproduce on S. staphylinus 1st instar larvae, 2nd instar larvae, and prepupa. This indicates that predation may be the reason why S. staphylinus is an ineffective biocontrol agent in New Zealand. 

Accounts and Models for Spatial Demographic Analysis 3: Rates and Life Tables

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
P H Rees ◽  
A G Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Fundamental Matrix ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Population Projection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Demographic Rate ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Single Region ◽  
Lexis Diagram

The paper begins by distinguishing, with the aid of the Lexis diagram that plots age against time, three kinds of demographic rate: age-group rates, period rates, and life-table rates. There are single-region and multiregion versions of those rates. In order to measure multiregional life-table rates, life-table accounts are developed together with an accounts based model that estimates the full accounts matrix from available data. These multiregional rates are then used to construct multiregional life tables akin to those recently proposed by Rogers. It is shown that the calculations involved in measuring the survivorship probabilities of the life table can be succinctly summarized in Stone's fundamental matrix. The detailed connections between life-table accounts and age-group accounts are explored, and the possibility of age-group life tables raised. The conclusion is reached that the age-group accounts are the appropriate ones for generating rates for use in population projection models, and that the life-table accounts are the appropriate ones for generating rates for use in actuarial calculations.

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