scholarly journals Identifying (E)-4,8-Dimethyl-1,3,7-Nonatriene Plus Acetic Acid as a New Lure for Male and Female Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Knight ◽  
D. M. Light ◽  
R. M. Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Addition of terpenoids to pear ester plus acetic acid increases catches of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
pp. 813-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Knight ◽  
Valentina Mujica ◽  
Sebastian Larsson Herrera ◽  
Marco Tasin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pear Ester

A pear-derived kairomone with pheromonal potency that attracts male and female codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Light ◽  
Alan L. Knight ◽  
Clive A. Henrick ◽  
Dayananda Rajapaska ◽  
Bill Lingren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Male And Female

A Novel DNA/RNA FISH X Inactivation Assay Reveals a Nonrandom, Ploidy-Dependent Acquisition of the Active and Inactive X Chromosomes in Childhood Hyperdiploid Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL).

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1080-1080
Author(s):  
Oskar A. Haas ◽  
Petra Zeitlhofer ◽  
Sabine Strehl ◽  
Michael Pfeilstoecker ◽  
Margit Koenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Rna Fish ◽  
Random Fashion ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract The most common numerical chromosome aberration in childhood ALL and NHL is the gain of an extra X chromosome in both male and female patients. We were therefore interested to investigate whether this non-disjunction event affects the active and inactive X chromosomes in a random or non-random fashion. In female cases both the active or inactive X may be duplicated randomly or non-randomly, whereas in male patients only the solitary active homologue can be copied. However, in theory a duplicated active X might subsequently also be subjected to de novo inactivation in both sexes. The inactivation status of acquired X chromosomes is usually evaluated by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR), which allows the simultaneous quantification of various differentially methylated polymorphic DNA sequences on the X chromosome, such as those contained in the HUMARA or FMR1 genes. Previous evidence from such analyses suggested that in NHL patients the acquired X chromosomes are and remain always active in male patients, whereas in females both the active and inactive X are duplicated in a random fashion (McDonald et al, Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer 28:246;2000). In childhood ALL this issue has not yet been investigated. However, quantification with MS-PCR has its limitations, especially in cases with low blast cells numbers. To overcome this problem, we have therefore developed a simultaneous dual-color DNA/RNA FISH assay that enables the enumeration of active and inactive X chromosomes on a single cell level. FISH was performed with probes specific for the X centromere and the XIST RNA, which is exclusively expressed from and covers vast parts of the inactive X in human interphase cells. Following the successful evaluation of the assay on methanol/acetic acid-fixed cells that were obtained from 10 healthy individuals and 23 cases with various constitutional X chromosome aneuploidies, we analyzed 54 methanol/acetic acid-fixed samples from hyperdiploid cases of childhood ALL and 29 from NHL. The ALL cases comprised 24 males with two X, 23 females with three X and seven females with four X. The NHL cases consisted of 18 male (9 in the hypo- to hyperdiploid and 9 in the pseudotriploid to pseudotetraploid range) and 11 female patients (7 with three X and 4 with four X chromosomes). In contrast to all constitutional control samples, which as expected contained only one active X, two of the three X in leukemic cell samples from both male and female patients were active. The only exception was a male patient, who most likely was a Klinefelter syndrome with a constitutional XXY. In contrast, all female patients with four X had duplicated both the active and inactive X chromosome. These findings prove that irrespective of the sex of the patient, the active X is exclusively duplicated in cases with three X chromosomes. The consistent gain of both the active and inactive X in female cases with four X, on the other hand, further corroborates previously established evidence that in all instances a single non-discjunction event leads to the maldistribution of chromosomes irrespective of the ploidy range. Moreover, the exclusive presence of duplicated active X chromosomes in hyperdiploid ALL concurs with and explains the results of gene expression profiling studies, which have shown a corresponding over-expression of X-encoded genes.

scholarly journals Use of Phenylacetonitrile Plus Acetic Acid to Monitor Pandemis pyrusana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Apple

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Knight ◽  
E. Basoalto ◽  
G. J. R. Judd ◽  
R. Hilton ◽  
D. M. Suckling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
Pandemis Pyrusana ◽  
Pear Ester ◽  
Plant Volatile Compounds

ABSTRACTA recent discovery have demonstrated that herbivore induced plant volatile compounds from apple tree infested with leafrollers were highly attractive to con-specific adult male and female leafrollers. However, this work has been conducted in New Zealand and Canada testing only low doses of kairomone. This study has been conducted in US to assess the attractiveness of higher doses of the six apple volatiles provisory identified in apple trees infested by tortricid larvaeto the leafroller, Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott. These volatiles included, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, benzyl alcohol, phenylacetonitrile, (E)-nerolidol, and indole. No volatiles were attractive to P. pyrusana when used alone. However, traps baited with phenylacetonitrile plus acetic acid caught both sexes of P. pyrusana. Traps baited with the other volatiles plus acetic acid caught zero to only incidental numbers of moths, ≤ 1.0. Adding phenylacetonitrile to traps baited with pear ester, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate plus acetic acid significantly reduced catches of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). However, adding phenylacetonitrile to traps baited with codling moth sex pheromone, pear ester, and acetic acid did not similarly reduce moth catches of C. pomonella. Interestingly, traps baited with phenylacetonitrile plus acetic acid caught significantly more P. pyrusana than traps baited with a commercial sex pheromone lure. The evaporation rate of the acetic acid co-lure was an important factor affecting catches of P. pyrusana with phenylacetonitrile, and studies are needed to optimize the emission rates of both lure components. Further studies are warranted to develop phenylacetonitrile and possibly other aromatic plant volatiles as bisexual lures for the range of tortricid pests attacking horticultural crops.

Male and female Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) larvae produce and respond to aggregation pheromone

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Jumean ◽  
Eloise Rowland ◽  
Gary J.R. Judd ◽  
Gerhard Gries
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Pheromonal Communication ◽  
Mastrus Ridibundus

Insect aggregation pheromones are defined as chemical substances produced by members of one or both sexes that induce members of both sexes to form aggregations (Borden 1984). Aggregation pheromones are typically emitted by and attract adult insects. Interestingly, larvae of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), seeking pupation sites will aggregate in response to pheromone produced by cocoon-spinning conspecific larvae (Duthie et al. 2003). Such aggregations may be part of a mating strategy in which protandrous males are arrested by sex pheromone emanating from mature female pupae, thus allowing mating to ensue as soon as a female moth ecloses (Duthie et al. 2003). The cocoon-derived pheromone also attracts the specialist prepupal parasitoid Mastrus ridibundus Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), which “eavesdrops” on pheromonal communication of cocoon-spinning larvae (Jumean et al. 2004).

scholarly journals A Binary Host Plant Volatile Lure Combined With Acetic Acid to Monitor Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1434-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Knight ◽  
E. Basoalto ◽  
J. Katalin ◽  
A. M. El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Host Plant Volatile ◽  
Plant Volatile
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