Nomenclature Abstract for Vibrio shiloi (sic) Kushmaro et al. 2001.

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Shiloi

scholarly journals Observation of Vibrio mediterranei (Pujalte and Garay 1986) / Vibrio shiloi (Kushmaro et al. 2001) bacteria from skin ulcers of the cultured sea cucumber Holothuria poli (Delle Chiaje, 1823)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-397
Author(s):  
Mustafa Tolga Tolon ◽  
Ulviye Karacalar ◽  
Caner Şirin
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Skin Ulceration ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Vibrio Shiloi ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Dominant Bacteria ◽  
Major Pathogens

Skin ulcer syndrome is frequently reported as a serious disease affecting the health, growth and mortality of stocks in sea cucumber aquaculture. In this study, bacteria isolated predominantly from skin ulcers of sea cucumber Holothuria poli (Delle Chiaje, 1823), a new candidate for aquaculture in the Mediterranean, were investigated. Morphological and biochemical tests, and molecular analysis methods were used to examine the dominant bacteria in the lesions of H. poli showing skin ulceration, peristome tumour and visceral ejection symptoms in rearing tanks. Present study is the first report for isolation and identification of Vibrio mediterranei (Pujalte and Garay 1986) (called also Vibrio shiloi Kushmaro et al. 2001) as a predominant gram-negative bacterium in the skin ulcers of H. poli. Reference data provided from the present study would lead to understand possible major pathogens causing skin ulceration syndrome and is crucial for the prophylaxis and treatment of such disease in holothuriculture.

Biophysical Studies of a Proline-Rich Peptide from the Coral Bleach Pathogen Vibrio shiloi

2001 ◽  
pp. 375-376
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Khare ◽  
Boris Arshava ◽  
Ehud Banin ◽  
Eugene Rosenberg ◽  
Fred Naider
Keyword(s):  
Biophysical Studies ◽  
Vibrio Shiloi ◽  
Proline Rich Peptide

scholarly journals Vibrio shiloi sp. nov., the causative agent of bleaching of the coral Oculina patagonica.

2001 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kushmaro ◽  
E Banin ◽  
Y Loya ◽  
E Stackebrandt ◽  
E Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Vibrio Shiloi

scholarly journals Penetration of the Coral-Bleaching BacteriumVibrio shiloi into Oculina patagonica

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 3031-3036 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Banin ◽  
T. Israely ◽  
A. Kushmaro ◽  
Y. Loya ◽  
E. Orr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
A Value ◽  
Vibrio Shiloi ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT Inoculation of the coral-bleaching bacterium Vibrio shiloi into seawater containing its host Oculina patagonica led to adhesion of the bacteria to the coral surface via a β-d-galactose receptor, followed by penetration of the bacteria into the coral tissue. The internalized V. shiloi cells were observed inside the exodermal layer of the coral by electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy using specific anti-V. shiloi antibodies to stain the intracellular bacteria. At 29�C, 80% of the bacteria bound to the coral within 8 h. Penetration, measured by the viable count (gentamicin invasion assay) inside the coral tissue, was 5.6, 20.9, and 21.7% of the initial inoculum at 8, 12, and 24 h, respectively. The viable count in the coral tissue decreased to 5.3% at 48 h, and none could be detected at 72 h. Determination of V. shiloi total counts (using the anti-V. shiloiantibodies) in the coral tissue showed results similar to viable counts for the first 12 h of infection. After 12 h, however, the total count more than doubled from 12 to 24 h and continued to rise, reaching a value 6 times that of the initial inoculum at 72 h. Thus, the intracellular V. shiloi organisms were transformed into a form that could multiply inside the coral tissue but did not form colonies on agar medium. Internalization of the bacteria was accompanied by the production of high concentrations of V. shiloi toxin P activity in the coral tissue. Internalization and multiplication of V. shiloi are discussed in terms of the mechanism of bacterial bleaching of corals.

Genome analysis of the coral bleaching pathogen Vibrio shiloi

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Reshef ◽  
Eliora Ron ◽  
Eugene Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Vibrio Shiloi

Inhibition of photosynthesis and bleaching of zooxanthellae by the coral pathogen Vibrio shiloi

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Ben-Haim ◽  
Ehud Banim ◽  
Ariel Kushmaro ◽  
Yossi Loya ◽  
Eugene Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Shiloi ◽  
Coral Pathogen

scholarly journals Proline-Rich Peptide from the Coral PathogenVibrio shiloi That Inhibits Photosynthesis of Zooxanthellae

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1536-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Banin ◽  
Sanjay K. Khare ◽  
Fred Naider ◽  
Eugene Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Symbiotic Algae ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Vibrio Shiloi ◽  
Casamino Acids ◽  
Proline Rich Peptide ◽  
Subsequent Addition

ABSTRACT The coral-bleaching bacterium Vibrio shiloibiosynthesizes and secretes an extracellular peptide, referred to as toxin P, which inhibits photosynthesis of coral symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae). Toxin P was produced during the stationary phase when the bacterium was grown on peptone or Casamino Acids media at 29°C. Glycerol inhibited the production of toxin P. Toxin P was purified to homogeneity, yielding the following 12-residue peptide: PYPVYAPPPVVP (molecular weight, 1,295.54). The structure of toxin P was confirmed by chemical synthesis. In the presence of 12.5 mM NH4Cl, pure natural or synthetic toxin P (10 μM) caused a 64% decrease in the photosynthetic quantum yield of zooxanthellae within 5 min. The inhibition was proportional to the toxin P concentration. Toxin P bound avidly to zooxanthellae, such that subsequent addition of NH4Cl resulted in rapid inhibition of photosynthesis. When zooxanthellae were incubated in the presence of NH4Cl and toxin P, there was a rapid decrease in the pH (pH 7.8 to 7.2) of the bulk liquid, suggesting that toxin P facilitates transport of NH3 into the cell. It is known that uptake of NH3 into cells can destroy the pH gradient and block photosynthesis. This mode of action of toxin P can help explain the mechanism of coral bleaching by V. shiloi.

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