An Epidemiologic Study of Isolated Cleft Lip, Palate, or Both in Victoria, Australia from 1983 to 2000

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda D. Vallino-Napoli ◽  
Merilyn M. Riley ◽  
Jane Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective To report the epidemiological characteristics of isolated cleft lip, cleft palate or both (CL ± P and CP) using population-based data in Victoria, Australia. Design Descriptive study of a cohort of children born between 1983 and 2000 notified to the Victorian Birth Defects Register by multiple ascertainment sources. Participants Data were collected on patients identified with CL ± P and CP without associated defects classified as live births, stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and terminated pregnancies < 20 weeks’ gestation following prenatal identification. Information was collected on sex, plurality, maternal age, and country of birth. Results The overall prevalence (per 10,000 pregnancies) of CL ± P was 7.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.30, 8.33; cleft lip [CL] 3.3; 95% CI = 2.97, 3.65, CL+P 4.5; 95% CI = 4.13, 4.91) and cleft palate (CP), 4.3 (95% CI = 3.89, 4.66). The prevalence of CL + P was higher among stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and terminated pregnancies than CL (without CP) and CP. Boys were at greater risk than girls for CL ± P and girls at greater risk than boys for CP. Regardless of cleft type, there was a nonsignificant excess of clefts among singleton births than multiple births and no related effects of maternal age or country of birth. Conclusions The prevalence of isolated CL ± P and CP in Victoria parallels other population-based studies of the same conditions. Inclusion of stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and terminations had little impact on rates. The effect of sex and plurality on cleft type is consistent with the literature, but the effects of maternal age and country of birth remain equivocal. Further studies focusing on certain ethnic groups are warranted to explain the higher rates observed.

Prevalence of Cleft Lip/Palate in the Fangshan District of Beijing, 2006-2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1296-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfen Yang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Ruixin Ma ◽  
Lei Jin
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Obstetric Services ◽  
Permanent Residents ◽  
Beijing China

Objective: To estimate the cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) prevalence among births between 2006 and 2012 in Fangshan district of Beijing, China. Design: Surveillance data analysis. Setting: All hospitals that provide obstetric services in the district. Patients: The CL/P cases presented for this report were from 13 weeks’ gestation to 7 days postpartum. Main Outcome Measures: The CL/P prevalence was defined as the number of cases per 10 000 births, including live births and stillbirths at 28 weeks’ gestation or beyond. Results: The overall CL/P prevalence was 18.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.1-22.7) per 10 000 births. From 2006 to 2012, the CL/P prevalence was 19.3, 20.2, 10.9, 16.1, 17.5, 25.4, and 22.3 per 10 000 births; annually, no significant change was noted ( Pfor trend = .311). The prevalence of cleft palate, cleft lip, and cleft lip and palate were 3.4 (95% CI: 2.0-5.4), 6.2 (95% CI: 4.2-8.8), and 9.4 (95% CI: 6.9-12.4) per 10 000 births, respectively. The CL/P prevalence among the nonpermanent residents (31.4 per 10 000 births) was 2.31 times that of permanent residents (13.6 per 10 000 births). Among nonpermanent residents, the CL/P prevalence showed an upward trend over the study period ( Pfor trend = .036), that increased from 38.8 (95% CI: 16.5-76.6) per 10 000 births in 2006 to 54.6 (95% CI: 25.7-100.4) per 10 000 births in 2012. Conclusions: The overall CL/P prevalence was stable in the Fangshan district. However, the CL/P prevalence of the nonpermanent residents increased significantly.

scholarly journals Incidence of Orofacial Clefts in Kumasi, Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Agbenorku ◽  
M. Yore ◽  
K. A. Danso ◽  
C. Turpin
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
History Of

Background. Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common orofacial congenital anomalies. This study is to establish Orofacial Clefts Database for Kumasi, Ghana, with a view to extend it to other cities in future to obtain a national orofacial anomaly database. Methods. A descriptive prospective survey was carried out at eleven selected health facilities in Kumasi. Results. The total number of live births recorded was 27,449. Orofacial anomalies recorded were 36, giving an incidence of 1.31/1000 live births or 1 in 763 live births. The mean maternal age of cleft lip/palate babies was 29.85 years (range 18–40 years). The male : female ratio for the orofacial anomalies babies was 1.3 : 1; the male : female ratio was 0.5 : 1 in the cleft lip group, 1.3 : 1 in the cleft lip and palate group, and 4 : 1 in the cleft palate group. The majority of clefts were unilateral (69.4%, n=25), with females (n=14) outnumbering males (n=11). A family history of cleft was recorded with five babies (13.9%). Associated congenital anomalies were recorded in seven (19.4%) cleft lips and/or palates. Conclusion. The incidence of 1 in 763 live births found in this study indicates that cleft lip/palate is a common congenital anomaly in Kumasi.

Asian Oral-Facial Cleft Birth Prevalence

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Cooper ◽  
Jessica S. Ratay ◽  
Mary L. Marazita
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Apparent Reason

Objective: To determine the clefting birth prevalence among Asian populations, specifically Chinese and Japanese, using raw counts from nonoverlapping published studies of Asian populations, and to investigate whether Asian clefting rates have been interpreted accurately as being up to twice the Caucasian rate. Design: A literature review of articles giving raw counts of clefting in Asian populations, primarily Japanese and Chinese. Main Outcome Measures: Where possible, clefts were identified by the patients’ ethnicity, country of origin, cleft type, syndromic status, and birth status. Results: Prevalence rates of cleft lip with or without cleft palate per 1000 live births are reported. Syndromic plus nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate: Chinese, 1.30; Japanese, 1.34; Other Asian, 1.47; and total, 1.33. Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate: Chinese, 1.20; Japanese, 1.18; Other Asian, 1.22; and total, 1.19. Conclusions: Overall, Chinese and Japanese live birth prevalence rates for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate, based on the published reports of birth prevalence, are significantly lower than the oft-quoted rate of 2 per 1000 for Asians. The apparent reason for the discrepancy is that many published prevalence rates included all pregnancies (live births plus pregnancy losses) and do not distinguish between syndromic and nonsyndromic clefts or between cleft palate alone and cleft lip with or without cleft palate. These results demonstrate that it is extremely important for current population-based studies of clefts to include careful delineation of population groups, syndromes, cleft type, and birth status.

scholarly journals Folic acid supplements and risk for oral clefts in the newborn: a population-based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1456-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trude Gildestad ◽  
Tone Bjørge ◽  
Stein Emil Vollset ◽  
Kari Klungsøyr ◽  
Roy Miodini Nilsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Relative Risks

AbstractResults from previous studies on maternal folic acid intake and infant oral clefts are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between women’s use of folic acid and/or multivitamin supplements and the risk for oral cleft in the newborn. We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway based on all births in Norway from 1999 to 2013. A total of 528 220 women had 880 568 pregnancies, resulting in 896 674 live births and stillbirths, of which 1623 had oral clefts (isolated oral clefts, n 1311; non-isolated oral clefts, n 312). Altogether, 21·5 % of women were vitamin supplement users before pregnancy. The birth prevalence of oral clefts was 1·81/1000 live births and stillbirths. Relative risks (RR) were estimated with log-binomial regression. For pregnancies with maternal use of vitamins, the adjusted RR for clefts overall was 0·90 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·04). The adjusted RR for cleft palate only (n 586) was 0·84 (95 % CI 0·66, 1·06) and that for cleft lip with or without cleft palate (n 1037) was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·13). Associations were stronger for cleft cases that occurred in combination with other malformations (adjusted RR 0·63; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·88), although vitamin supplements provided no protection against isolated clefts (adjusted RR 0·98; 95 % CI 0·84, 1·15). In conclusion, our study demonstrates no statistically significant association between vitamin use and isolated oral clefts. However, we found lower risk for oral clefts that occurred in combination with other malformations.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate in Shanghai, China, from 1980 to 1989

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Cooper ◽  
Roslyn A. Stone ◽  
You-E Liu ◽  
Dan-Ning Hu ◽  
Michael Melnick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Pregnancy History

Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±CP) in an Asian population. Design Birth prevalence was assessed in a large birth series in Shanghai, China. A 1:3 sex-age-hospital matched case-control design was used to assess the effects of parental ages and pregnancy history on risk of CL±CP. Participants Records of live births from 1980 to 1989 in 22 hospitals in Shanghai, China, were reviewed, comprising 541,504 consecutive births, which is by far the largest such Chinese sample ever investigated. The case-control study included 528 (308 male, 220 female) nonsyndromic CL±CP cases and 1563 (912 male, 651 female) controls. Results From 1980 to 1989, the overall birth prevalence was 1.2 per 1000 live births with statistically significant seasonal variation (more CL±CP births in January to July). The overall male:female ratio was 1.40:1. For males, statistically significant associations were identified with maternal age for the most severe clefts (bilateral overall, and also bilateral CL+CP subgroup). For females, statistically significant association was shown for pregnancy age with birth order (overall and in most subgroups). Conclusions The birth prevalence of CL±CP in this Asian population was similar to published Caucasian rates. The observed seasonal variation would be consistent with possible environmental factors. Significant associations with maternal age, pregnancy age, and birth order warrant additional study of pregnancy history in Asian CL±CP.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Trends of Infants With Orofacial Clefts in a Multiethnic Country: A Retrospective Population-based Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi Yow ◽  
Aizhen Jin ◽  
George SH Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Associated Malformations

Abstract Objectives: To establish the population-based prevalence and trends of cleft live births, evaluate associated malformations and infant mortality rate (IMR), and delineate the orofacial cleft (OFC) topography, ethnic and gender-specific features of the resident-population in Singapore from 2003 to 2012. Cleft-births surveillance and data of affected individuals, families, ethnic groups, locations and environment are essential in upstream healthcare planning. Well-informed decisions supported by data are all-important in health policies.Methods: Resident population-based data were compiled from the National Birth Defects Registry (NBDR). The Registry’s data was established from multiple sources: cytogenetics and histopathology laboratories, neonatal wards and maternity hospitals, medi-claims, birth defects, death certificates with reported congenital anomalies, stillbirths and abortuses (spontaneous and elective). The significance level of trend testing was set at p<0.05.Results: Prevalence per 10 000 for all cleft live births was 16.72; isolated clefts with no associated malformations, cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip with cleft palate were 8.77, 6.85, 3.16, and 6.71, respectively. Prevalence in cleft live births was sexually dimorphic and ethnic-specific: Male, 17.72; Female, 15.78; Chinese group, 17.17; Malay group, 16.92; Indian group, 10.74; and mixed ethnicity group, 21.73. Infants with isolated clefts, non-isolated clefts with other malformations, and syndromic clefts were 52.5%, 42.1%, and 5.4%, respectively. Upward trend in infants with non-isolated clefts was significant (p=0.0287). The mortality rate in infants with clefts was 4.76%.Conclusions: The population-based prevalence for cleft live births was 16.72 per 10 000 with no significant upward trend. Co-occurrence of malformations and syndromes was found in almost half of all cleft live births. The IMR of infants with OFC was double that of the population norm.

An Epidemiologic Study of Orofacial Clefts with Other Birth Defects in Victoria, Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda D. Vallino-Napoli ◽  
Merilyn M. Riley ◽  
Jane L. Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
System Defect ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of oral clefts occurring with other birth defects in Victoria, Australia. Methods: Information on infants and fetuses reported to the Victorian Birth Defects Register from 1983 to 2000 was collected. Birth defects were classified as Pierre Robin Sequence, chromosomal anomaly, nonchromosomal syndrome, single-system defect, or multiple-system defect. Pregnancy outcome and associations with selected infant and maternal features was examined. Results: One third of the 2022 oral clefts recorded had other birth defects. There were more overall cleft cases involving multiple systems and chromosomal anomalies than any other birth defect group. The prevalence ratio of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) was highest among multiple-system defects and chromosomal anomalies. Perinatal mortality was high, with termination of pregnancy highest in CL/P and chromosomal anomalies and multiple-system defects. There was a nonsignificant excess of clefts among multiple births. Women ≥40 years old had a tendency toward having a child with a cleft palate and another birth defect. There was an increased likelihood that women born in the U.K. would have a baby with CL/P and another birth defect. Conclusions: This is among the first reports in Victoria, Australia, describing oral clefts and other birth defects and associations between infant and maternal factors. Although some findings confirmed other population-based studies, some continued to be at variance. Nonetheless, the data derived support examination of babies diagnosed with clefts for associated comorbidities.

scholarly journals Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Cleft Lip Palate with Andrews Bridge Modified as Obturator Prosthesis: Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Almina Murić ◽  
Demet Cagil Ayvalioglu ◽  
Bilge Gokcen Rohlig
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Removable Partial Denture ◽  
Partial Denture ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate

SummaryBackground/Aim: Congenital defects such as cleft palate and lips require a long-lasting and multidisciplinary approach. In cases when surgical and orthodontic treatment is not feasible, prosthodontic management of these patients is advocated. Prosthetic rehabilitation of cleft palate in concerning of achieving aesthetic and function (such as swallowing and speech) outcomes is very demanding.Case report: Material and method: After performing the necessary surgical procedures and orthodontic treatment, 24-years-old male patient was sent to the Department for Maxillofacial Prosthetics of Istanbul University. Followed the clinical examination, the necessary periodontal and conservative therapy was performed. After radiographic evaluation and dental cast analysis prosthetic rehabilitation was performed. The prosthetic rehabilitation of cleft palate was accomplish with conventional fixed partial denture whose number of included abutment were defined by biomechanical principles. Additionally removable partial denture were manufactured for closing oro-nasal defects and lip supporting.Conclusions: The prosthetic rehabilitation resulted with functionally and aesthetically content prosthesis. With achieving proper swallowing Quality of Life of the patient was enormously enhanced.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Children With Non-Cleft Lip/Palate Craniofacial Anomalies

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Nantaga Sawasdipanich ◽  
Bussara Chaithat ◽  
Nond Rojvachiranonda ◽  
Artiteeya Dangsomboon
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Socioeconomic Status and Orofacial Clefts in Scotland, 1989 to 1998

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Clark ◽  
P. A. Mossey ◽  
L. Sharp ◽  
J. Little
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Deprived Areas

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and orofacial clefts (OFC) in Scotland. Design Study of prevalence at birth over a 10-year period using an area-based measure of material deprivation. Setting Population-based study throughout Scotland. Participants Eight hundred thirty-four live births with OFC born between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1998, ascertained from the nationwide register of the Cleft Service in Scotland, compared with the total 603,825 live births in Scotland in this period. Results There was a strong positive relationship whereby the prevalence of OFC at birth increased with increasing deprivation. This trend was statistically significant for cleft lip and/or palate (CL[P]: p = .016) but not for cleft palate (CP; p = .078). For each type of cleft, the relative risk among those resident in the most deprived areas, compared with those resident in the least deprived areas, was 2.33. Conclusions The association between OFC and socioeconomic status is consistent with a report for an earlier period in a smaller part of Scotland. Unlike the earlier study, this pattern appears to be stronger for CL(P) than for CP. These observations do not appear to be an artifact of recording. It is possible that they reflect the association between deprivation and risk factors for OFC, most likely tobacco smoking during pregnancy. Because the relationship between OFC and socioeconomic status appears to have been virtually unstudied in other populations, it would be valuable to investigate this relationship elsewhere and determine whether known risk factors account for the relationship.

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