scholarly journals Results in the Latin America and Caribbean Region, 2016, Volume 7

10.1596/24406 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean

Financial Access of Latin America and Caribbean Firms: What Are the Roles of Institutional, Financial, and Economic Development?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097265272110153
Author(s):  
Lan Khanh Chu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

This article examines the impact of institutional, financial, and economic development on firms’ access to finance in Latin America and Caribbean region. Based on firm- and country-level data from the World Bank databases, we employ an ordered logit model to understand the direct and moderating role of institutional, financial, and economic development in determining firms’ financial obstacles. The results show that older, larger, facing less competition and regulation burden, foreign owned, and affiliated firms report lower obstacles to finance. Second, better macro-fundamentals help to lessen the level of obstacles substantially. Third, the role of institutions in promoting firms’ inclusive finance is quite different to the role of financial development and economic growth. JEL classification: E02; G10; O16; P48

The HIV/AIDS epidemic in the Latin America and Caribbean Region

AIDS ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. S1-S2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schwartländer ◽  
Roel Coutinho ◽  
Luiz Loures
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Fostering a Collaborative Atmospheric Chemistry Research Community in the Latin America and Caribbean Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 1929-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Andrade-Flores ◽  
Nestor Rojas ◽  
Megan L. Melamed ◽  
Olga L. Mayol-Bracero ◽  
Michel Grutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
Andean Glaciers

Abstract In 2013, the international Commission on Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Pollution (iCACGP) and the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Project Americas Working Group (iCACGP/IGAC AWG) was formed to build a cohesive network and foster the next generation of atmospheric scientists with the goal of contributing to a scientific community focused on building collective knowledge for the Americas. The Latin America–Caribbean (LAC) region shares common history, culture, and socioeconomic issues but, at the same time, it is highly diverse in its physical and human geography. The LAC region is unique because approximately 80% of its population lives in urban areas, resulting in high-density hotspots of urbanization and vast unpopulated rural areas. In recent years, most countries of the region have experienced rapid growth in population and industrialization as their economies emerge. The rapid urbanization, the associated increases in mobile and industrial sources, and the growth of the agricultural activities related to biomass burning have degraded air quality in certain areas of the LAC region. Air pollution has negative implications for human health, ecosystems, and climate. In addition, air pollution and the warming caused by greenhouse gases could impact the melting of Andean glaciers, an important source of freshwater. To better understand the links between air pollution and climate, it is necessary to increase the number of atmospheric scientists and improve our observational, analytical, and modeling capacities. This requires sustained and prioritized funding as well as stronger collaboration within the LAC region.

Burden and Trends of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infections and Related Diseases in the Latin America and Caribbean Region

Vaccine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. L1-L15 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Maxwell Parkin ◽  
Maribel Almonte ◽  
Laia Bruni ◽  
Gary Clifford ◽  
Maria-Paula Curado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Papillomavirus Infections ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean

scholarly journals Systematic Review Estimating the Burden of Dementia in the Latin America and Caribbean Region: A Bayesian Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawen Xiang ◽  
Kimberly Vilmenay ◽  
Adrienne N. Poon ◽  
Shant Ayanian ◽  
Christopher F. Aitken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean

Background: The global burden of dementia has increasingly shifted to low- and middle-income regions that lack essential data for monitoring epidemiological progression, and policy and planning support. Drawing upon data that have emerged since the last known estimates published in 2015, this study aims to update dementia estimates in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region for the years 2020, 2030, and 2050 through the application of a recently validated Bayesian approach for disease estimates useful when data sources are scarce.Methods: A comprehensive parallel systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global Health, and LILACS was conducted to identify prospective population-based epidemiological studies on dementia published in English from 2013 to 2018 in LAC. English and non-English data cited by a recent review on dementia estimates in LAC were also examined for additional data. A Bayesian normal-normal hierarchical model (NNHM) was developed to estimate age-specific and age-adjusted dementia prevalence in people aged 60+. Using age-specific population projections from the UN, the total number of people affected by dementia for the years 2020, 2030, and 2050 were estimated.Results: 1,414 studies were identified, of which only 7 met the inclusion criteria. The studies had 7,684 participants and 1,191 dementia cases. The age-standardized prevalence of all forms of dementia in LAC was 8% (95% CI: 5–11.5%) in people aged 60+. The estimated prevalence varied with age, increasing from 2.5% (95% CI: 0.08–4.0%) in the 60-69 age group, to 9.4% (95% CI: 5.4–13.2%) in the 70–79 age group and 28.9% (95% CI: 20.3–37.2%) in the ≥80 age group. The number of people age 60 and older living with dementia in LAC in 2020 was estimated at 6.86 (95% CI: 4.3–9.8) million, 9.94 (95% CI: 6.16–14.15) million in 2030, and 19.33 (95% CI: 12.3–13.6) million in 2050.Conclusion: We project an upward disease trajectory for dementia in LAC countries. The projection is likely an underestimation of the true dementia burden given the underrepresentation of rural and socio-economically deprived populations. More research is urgently needed to improve the accuracy of disease estimates, guide clinicians to improve evaluations for earlier recognition of dementia, and support the development of effective policies for improving dementia prevention, diagnosis and clinical management in LAC's diverse and aging communities.

International Financial Reporting Standards for Latin American Small and Medium Enterprises

2015 ◽  
pp. 252-274
Author(s):  
Myrna R. Berríos
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the process followed by Latin America to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium Enterprises (IFRS for SMEs), based on examples about the approaches used by seven South American countries – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. These countries have followed different models of harmonization to IFRS for SMEs. Harmonization models may be grouped into five categories: maintenance of local financial reporting standards, adaptation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) to local standards, full or partial adoption of IFRS, adoption of another country's standards, and convergence to diminish differences between local standards and IFRS. Regardless of the chosen mode of harmonization, SMEs face particular challenges as major players in the Latin America and Caribbean region with needs to greater access to finance sources and simplification of laws and reporting standards to be able to achieve global competitiveness.

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