scholarly journals Stress-strain state of a borehole determined analytically using drilling-out as a technology of reducing differential settlement

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakov Pronozin ◽  
Mikhail Kajgorodov ◽  
Aleksandr Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plastic Deformation Zone ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Pressure Tests ◽  
Soil Destruction ◽  
The Given

The existing approaches for reducing the differential settlements of buildings and structures have their own advantages and disadvantages. Lowering of a building or part of it is one of the promising methods to reduce the differential settlements of shallow foundations resting upon weak silt-loam soils. The effect is achieved by drilling-out vertical boreholes in the immediate vicinity of the foundation from the minimal settlements. Method: Russian and foreign scientists have been involved in the development of calculation procedures for horizontal and inclined drilling-out of boreholes. It has been important to determine drilling parameters when using this technology and how soil characteristics and stress state of soils around the borehole influence the reduction of differential settlements. The paper discusses the influence of the strength characteristics of soils on the stress state of the soil massif around the borehole, as well as the influence of the borehole radius on the formed areas of limit state. The analytical solution is based on the well-known ratio used to determine the stress state around the borehole during pressure tests. Tangential and radial stresses are determined from this ratio; next, they are checked according to the condition of the strength law, and thus, the stress state around the borehole becomes evident. Result: The stress state of the soil around the boreholes has been calculated by the given method; it has made it possible to calculate the areas of soil destruction and determine the parameters of boreholes and their geometry depending on the purposes when regulating the settlements of slab foundations. It has been established that drilling behind the foundation contour in relation to drilling in the foundation contour makes it possible to increase the radius of the plastic deformation zone up to two times under the same soil conditions and well geometry.

scholarly journals THE ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE WELL WHILE ELIMINATING UNEQUAL SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATIONS METHOD OF DRILLING-OUT OF THE SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Y. A Pronosin ◽  
M. D Kaygorodov ◽  
A. M Karaulov
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Shallow Foundations ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Soil Destruction

Existing approaches which allow to reduce the settlement unevenness of buildings and structures have their own advantages and disadvantages. One of the promising methods for reducing shallow foundations the settlement unevenness, which are based on soft dust and clay soil, is the building or its part lowering. The effect is achieved by drilling vertical wellbores in the immediate proximity to the existing foundation from the side of the least settlement. At different times, domestic and foreign scientists were engaged in to the methods of horizontal and inclined drilling of wellbores, an important issue, when applying this technology, is the determination of drilling parameters, the influence of soil characteristics and the stress state of the soil around the well, on the roll reduction process. The article considers the influence of the soil strength characteristics on the stress state of the soil which are surrounding the wellbore, and the effect of the drilled wellbore radius on the formation of the critical state regions. The analytical solution is based on the use of the well-known relationship for determining the stress state around the well during pressiometric tests. From this ratio, tangential and radial stresses are determined, which are then checked according to the condition of the law of strength, thereby forming a picture of the stress state around the well. According to the presented methodology, the stress state of the soil around the wells was calculated, which allows calculating the zones of soil destruction and thereby determining the parameters of the wells and the geometry of their location depending on the goals, when regulating the sediment of slab foundations.

scholarly journals ABOUT THE STRESS STATE ON THE CONTOURS OF UNDERGROUND HORIZONTAL WORKINGS, SUBJECT TO AN OVERALL UNIFORM PRESSURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Оксана Богомолова ◽  
Oksana Bogomolova ◽  
Андрей Ушаков ◽  
Andrej Ushakov
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Uniform Pressure ◽  
Lateral Expansion ◽  
Underground Workings ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Graphic Images ◽  
The Given ◽  
Distribution Of Stresses

The paper presents the results of a study on the distribution of stresses on the contours of underground workings, the cross section of which has the form of a trapezoid and an ellipse. The distribution of stresses at the points of workings contours is obtained at the given values of uniform pressure and the lateral expansion coefficient of the rock. The graphic images of stress diagrams acting on the contours of the considered workings are given.

scholarly journals Determination of the classification-based tactics for treating meniscus lesions in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
Daria D. Pavlova ◽  
S. M. Sharkov ◽  
M. A. Petrov ◽  
E. M. Krainova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Literature ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Meniscus Lesions ◽  
The Given

New approaches to the treatment of meniscus lesions is currently a hot topic in traumatology and orthopedics. Meniscus resection and suture issues are widely discussed and studied in modern literature. Current trends in the care of meniscus pathologies are aimed to restore the structure of the damaged segment by stitching it using various techniques. A classification scale plays an important role in the treatment of any disease because it allows to uniformly describe the main criteria of pathology and to define a treatment tactics. The given review describes modern classifications of meniscus lesions with their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals The Method for Product Design Selection with Incomplete Linguistic Weight Information Based on Quality Function Deployment in a Fuzzy Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Quality Function ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Relationship

The selection of a design for the given product is a critical problem in product design development. Focuses of the designers and customers on the design are not identical. In order to bridge the gap and provide a more relaxing way to select the design, a new method based on quality function deployment (QFD) is proposed. In such a method, customers are required to give their linguistic preferences on the design with respect to the customer requirements (CRs). In the rating of the weight of CRs, they are allowed to provide incomplete linguistic weight information and the objective optimization model is proposed to derive the exact linguistic weight information. Designers are required to rate the correlation between design requirements (DRs) and the relationship between the CRs and DRs to construct the house of quality. Opinions given by the customers are translated into the opinions with respect to the DRs based on the QFD. Afterwards, the priorities of the designs and design requirements are determined. The assessment results not only show the contribution of each design requirement to the customer satisfaction but also show the advantages and disadvantages of each design from the designers’ perspective clearly and directly. An example is provided to validate the applicability of the proposed method.

Implications of Using Corpus Tools in Primary and Secondary Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-190
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Given

This chapter will give a comparison of using computer corpora in primary and in secondary schools. It will compare information that was collected from primary school teachers and secondary school teachers about using computer corpora for language subjects on primary and secondary educational levels. Based on the given information, the chapter will provide an explanation of the advantages and disadvantages of using computer corpora in language learning on those two educational levels. The chapter will explore which educational levels have more possibilities for incorporating computer corpora in their teaching activities and how it can be used in the classroom with students.

The effect on the yields of barley and kale of soil conditions induced by cultivation at high moisture content

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fisher ◽  
P. T. Gooderham ◽  
J. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
One Year

SUMMARYAn experiment is described in which plots of a silt loam soil were compacted by ploughing and rotary cultivation when the moisture content was high. Kale and barley were grown on these plots in 2 years.Compaction of the soil was not as great as anticipated, but there were marked reductions due to wet cultivation in the dry-matter yield of kale and the vegetative growth of the young barley. Seed yield of barley was relatively unaffected, although there was a significant reduction due to wet ploughing in one year.The implication of these results for experimentation on the effects of soil structure on crop yield are discussed.

PERMAFROST SOILS THAWING UNDER BUILDINGS IN NORILSK

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. POROSHINA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Costs ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
The Given ◽  
The City

The experience of the construction of buildings on permafrost in the city of Norilsk is considered, the main methods of construction under the given conditions are indicated, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The study of the localization of deformations in the building, the nature of the deformations shows their consequences. It is revealed that the main cause of mass destruction of buildings is the fi ssion of the soil under the building. The main possible causes of this process are indicated. The economic costs associated with the elimination of the consequences of destruction caused by the ground-breaking have been analyzed, and methods for solving this problem have been proposed.

ON ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF BALLASTLESS TRACK STRUCTURE EFFICIENCY

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ludmila Andreyeva ◽  
Yevgeniy Svintsov ◽  
Yelena Tarasevich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ballast Track ◽  
The Given

Objective: To describe the regulation of railroad traffic parameters in modern conditions, that lead to the necessity of putting into operation the new systems of track design, relevant for regulations in question. Methods: The method of matching, as well as the method of comparative analysis was applied in the study. Results: The advantages and disadvantages of ballastless track structure and conventional ballast track design were compared. The possibility of extensive application of ballastless track structure on modern railroads was analyzed. Practical importance: Ballastless track structure implementation will make it possible to solve practical tasks of using the given type of track design in transport construction.

Soil water drying and recharge rates as affected by tillage under continuous barley and barley-canola cropping systems in northwestern Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Azooz ◽  
M A Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Silt Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Impact

In areas of the northwestern Canadian Prairies, barley and canola are grown in a short growing season with high rainfall variability. Excessively dry soil in conventional tillage (CT) in dry periods and excessively wet soil in no-tillage (NT) in wet periods could cause a significant decrease in crop production by influencing the availability of soil water. The effects of CT, NT and NT with a 7.5-cm residue-free strip on the planting rows (NTR) on soil water drying (–dW/dt) and recharge (dW/dt) rates were studied in 1992 and 1993 during wet and dry periods to evaluate the impact of NTR, NT and CT systems on soil moisture condition. The soils, Donnelly silt loam and Donnelly sandy loam (both Gray Luvisol) were selected and soil water content by depth was measured by time domain reflectometry. Water retained at 6 matric potentials from –5 to –160 kPa were observed. In the field study, –dW/dt was significantly greater in CT than in NT in the silt loam for the 0- to 30-cm layer during the first 34 d after planting in 1992. The 0- to 30-cm soil layer in CT and NTR dried faster than in NT during a period immediately following heavy rainfall in the silt loam in 1993. The drying coefficient (–Kd ) was significantly greater in CT and NTR than in NT in the silt loam soil in 1993 and in the sandy loam soil in 1992 in the top 30-cm depth. The recharge coefficient (Kr) was significantly greater in NT and NTR than in CT for the silt loam soil. The NTR system increased the –dW/dt by 1.2 × 10-2 to 12.1 × 10-2 cm d-1 in 1992 and 1993 in the silt loam soil and by 10.2 × 10-2 cm d-1 in 1993 in the sandy loam soil as compared with NT. The dW/dt was 8.1 × 10-2 cm d-1 greater in NTR in 1992 and 1993 in the silt loam soil and was 1.9 × 10-2 greater in NTR in 1992 than in CT in the sandy loam soil. The laboratory study indicated that NT soils retained more water than the CT soils. The NTR practice maintained better soil moisture conditions for crop growth than CT in dry periods than NT in wet periods. Compared with NT, the NTR avoided prolonged near-saturated soil conditions with increased soil drying rate under extremely wet soil. Key words: Water drying, water recharge, water depletion, wet and drying periods, hydraulic properties, soil capacity to retain water

Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis on the Spillway of a Concrete Gravity Dam

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1870-1875
Author(s):  
Liang Cao ◽  
Hui Min Wang ◽  
Ji Yao ◽  
Shan Guang Qian ◽  
Chun Feng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Concrete Gravity Dam ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Dam Foundation ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Sliding Stability

The 3-D finite element model of a concrete gravity dam’s spillway was established in this paper, and the elastic-plastic theory was applied, then the deformation and stress state of the dam under various working conditions were analyzed, it was prooved that the deformation and stress state of the dam were in normal condition. After solving the force of the dam foundation surface and taking full account of the complex geological conditions, the dam’s sliding stability was analyzed by capacity limit state design formula. The calculation results showed that, the stability parameter of the dam along foundation surface was bigger than 1.0, the dam’s sliding stability met the requirement.

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