scholarly journals Genetic Control and Heterosis of Quantitative Traits in Several Local Eggplant Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndueso Michael AKPAN ◽  
Peter Ejimofor OGBONNA ◽  
Vincent Nduka ONYIA ◽  
Emeka Chibuzor OKECHUKWU ◽  
Ima-obong Ignatius DOMINIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Half Diallel

The present study was performed to assess the nature of gene action governing inheritance of agronomic traits in eggplant genotypes and extent of mid parent heterosis (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) in six eggplant hybrids generated from four superior and optimally divergent genotypes of eggplant namely ‘Yalo’, ‘Uyo’, ‘K3’ and ‘Iyoyo’ selected from the germplasm and were crossed in 4×4 half diallel mating design. The six hybrids were found to show a significant (p< 0.05) positive MPH in yield traits and the highest was obtained in the hybrid ‘Yalo’ × ‘K3’ for number of fruits per plant (158.90%) and ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ for fruit yield per plant (63.14%) and fruit yield per hectare (62.20 %). The hybrid combinations ‘Yalo’ × ‘K3’ and ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ had significant positive BPH for the number of fruits per plant, 104.08% and 42.43%, respectively. For fruit yield per plant, the hybrid combination ‘Yalo’ × ‘K3’ (7.93%), ‘Uyo’ × ‘K3’ (8.48%) and ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ (12.26%) had significant positive BPH. However, the hybrid ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ (11.51%) showed significant positive BPH in fruit yield per hectare. Dominance and dominance × dominance gene effect were found to be positively higher in magnitude in all crosses for number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per hectare. The prevalence of dominance and dominance × dominance gene effect in the yield traits indicate heterosis breeding as the best breeding method to improve the productivity of eggplant.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Yield and Related Traits in Chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Swapan Chakrabarty ◽  
A. K. M. Aminul Islam ◽  
M. A. Khaleque Mian ◽  
Tofayel Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Half Diallel

Introduction: An experiment was conducted to study combining ability and heterosis for yield and related traits in chili during November 2015 to September 2017. Materials and Methods: The experimental material consisted of six parents and their fifteen F1’s developed by half diallel mating design. Analysis of variance for combining ability exhibited significant General and Specific Combining Ability (GCA and SCA) effects for all the characters studied. Results: The SCA variance was higher than GCA variance for all the traits except ten fresh fruit weight, fruit length and fruit width indicating the predominance of non-additive type of gene action. The parents P1 and P6 were identified as the best general combiners and the hybrids P1×P6, P1×P4 and P2×P5 were identified as the best specific combinations for fresh fruit yield per plant and related traits. The hybrids P1×P6, P1×P4 and P3×P6 showed significant average heterosis and heterobeltiosis for fresh fruit yield per plant and its related traits. (H1/D)0.5 ratio indicated partial dominance effect of genes for all the traits. Conclusion: Therefore, it may be possible to take advantages of better heterotic effects to be fixed in the later generations to facilitate further selection and best specific combinations for development of the hybrid variety of chili which can help to increase the total production in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Study of Combining Ability and Nature of Gene Action for Yield and Yield Related Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Birender Singh ◽  
Abhinav Abhishek ◽  
R. B. P. Nirala ◽  
S. S. Mandal ◽  
Tushar Ranjan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Half Diallel

The present investigation was carried out using thirty eight genotypes (eight parents, twenty eight F1's and two checks) using Griffing's half diallel mating design. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications during kharif 2017 at the research farm of Bihar Agriculture College, Sabour. Observations were recorded for six pre-harvest characters viz days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, anthesis silking interval, days to 75% brown husk, plant height, ear height and seven post-harvest characters viz cob length, cob diameter, number of kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per row, 1000 seed weight, shelling percentage and grain yield at 15% moisture. The mean sum of square of treatments was found to be significant for days to 75% brown husk and shelling per cent and highly significant for all other characters. The mean sum of square for GCA was found to be significant for cob length, no. of kernel row per cob, no. of kernels per row and highly significant for remaining all the characters except days to 75% brown husk and shelling%. The mean sum of square for SCA was significant for days to 75% brown husk and highly significant for all the remaining characters. On the basis of GCA effect for grain yield at 15% moisture, the parents BML-7, VQL-1 and SML-1 were found to be good general combiners. The ratio of GCA variance to SCA variance was found to be less than 1 for all the traits which indicated the preponderance of non-additive gene action. On the basis of SCA effects better performing crosses for grain yield at 15% moisture were DTPYC-9 × LM-13, CLQRCY-44 × VQL-1, CML-161 × SML-1 and CML-161× BML-7.

scholarly journals Combining Ability And Heterosis In Snakegourd (Tricosanthes Cucurminata L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R Podder ◽  
MG Rasul ◽  
AKMA Islam ◽  
Mak Mian ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Fruit Diameter

A half diallel set of five parents and their 10 F1’s were studied to determine the combining ability and magnitude of heterosis for eight important characters in snakegourd at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during April to July, 2004. Combining ability analysis revealed that both general and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the characters except fruit diameter and fruit yield per plant. Predominance of additive gene action was noted for all the characters except days to first female flower where non-additive gene action was predominant. Parent P1 was the best general combiner for fruit yield and some yield contributing characters. Among the crosses P2  X P3, P1  X P2 and P1  X P4 were the best specific combiner for fruit yield and some of yield contributing characters. Both positive and negative heterosis was obtained of which few hybrids showed desirable and significant values. P2  X P5 showed the highest significant mid parental heterotic value for earliness and high yield whereas, P1  X P2, P2  X P3, P2  X P5 and P3  X P4 showed the highest significant better parent heterotic effect for earliness and high yield. Key words: Snakegourd (Trichosanthes cucurminata L.); combining ability; heterosis; fruit yieldDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9318 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 1-6, 2010

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Selection Criteria in Rice Mutant Lines as Revealed by Quantitative Traits

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
Norhani Abdullah ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Malek ◽  
H. A. Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Rice Mutant ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Mutant Lines

Genetic based knowledge of different vegetative and yield traits play a major role in varietal improvement of rice. Genetic variation gives room for recombinants which are essential for the development of a new variety in any crop. Based on this background, this work was carried out to evaluate genetic diversity of derived mutant lines and establish relationships between their yield and yield components using multivariate analysis. To achieve this objective, two field trials were carried out on 45 mutant rice genotypes to evaluate their growth and yield traits. Data were taken on vegetative traits and yield and its components, while genotypic and phenotypic coefficients, variance components, expected genetic advance, and heritability were calculated. All the genotypes showed variations for vegetative traits and yield and its components. Also, there was positive relationship between the quantitative traits and the final yield with the exception of number of tillers. Finally, the evaluated genotypes were grouped into five major clusters based on the assessed traits with the aid of UPGMA dendrogram. So hybridization of group I with group V or group VI could be used to attain higher heterosis or vigour among the genotypes. Also, this evaluation could be useful in developing reliable selection indices for important agronomic traits in rice.

scholarly journals Diallel analysis for seed yield and its component traits in Cuphea procumbens

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Singh ◽  
Meenakshi Singh ◽  
H.K. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Half Diallel

The Cuphea procumbens Orteg. is an important annual plant source of medium chain fatty acids. The present study was conducted to estimate different gene systems involved in the inheritance of important quantitative traits viz. plant height, branches/plant, fruits/plant, seeds/fruit and seed yield/plant in F1 and F2 generations following 6 parents half diallel. Diallel assumptions were fulfilled for all the characters. Wr - Vr graph and component analysis revealed the major influence of over dominance for all the traits except branches/plant in F1. The arrays scattered all along the regression line below limiting parabola in two groups, Dominance and recessive and was confirmed by standardized deviation graph. The ranking on the basis of breeding value (Yr) of the parents and per se performance was closely associated (r=0.83**). On the basis of ranking, parents 'NBC-01', 'NBC-25' and 'NBC-30' were found most promising and possessed more dominant alleles for most of the characters. Considering the gene action involved, the breeding plan was discussed.

scholarly journals Combining ability × environment interaction and genetic analysis for agronomic traits in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.): biplot as a tool for diallel data

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooran Golkar ◽  
Ehsan Shahbazi ◽  
Mojtaba Nouraein
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
High Seed Yield

Combining ability × environment interaction is considerable to identify the effect of environment on the combining ability and gene action of the traits to select appropriate parents for safflower hybrid production. The 36 genotype (28 F<sub>2</sub> progenies of eight-parent half-diallel crosses across 8 parental genotypes) of safflower were studied to investigate the mentioned parameters across different geographical regions of Iran. The results indicated significant differences among parents for general and specific combining ability, except for seeds per capitulum across three environments. The overall results indicated that K<sub>21</sub> and Mex.22-191 were excellent parents with greater general combining ability for the improvement of seed yield in safflower. The K<sub>21</sub> × Mex.22-191 hybrid could be, therefore, employed for the production of high seed yield in safflower breeding. The estimates of genetic variance components recommended the importance of additive- dominance genetic effects that contributed to variation in yield per plant. Such gene action expression for seed yield <a href="https://www.google.com/search?espv=2&amp;biw=1024&amp;bih=667&amp;q=define+appetite&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwiT-vT4n6TMAhXoIpoKHRKqAWQQ_SoIOTAA">needs</a> auxiliary methods based on hybridization and selection for seed yield advancement in safflower.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Capsaicinoids in Capsicum pubescens

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayeh Zewdie ◽  
Paul W. Bosland ◽  
Robert Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of capsaicinoid content was studied in five Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav. genotypes using diallel analysis. General combining ability and specific combining ability effects were significant for all capsaicinoids studied, indicating additive and nonadditive gene actions are present. The association of high capsaicinoid contents with high positive general combining ability of the parents also indicates the predominance of additive gene action in capsaicinoid inheritance. Because of the predominant additive gene effect, recurrent selection would be a good breeding method to increase capsaicinoid level in the population studied. Heterosis was observed in hybrids for some of the capsaicinoids, suggesting that F1 hybrids could also be used to increase capsaicinoid content.

scholarly journals Induction of Variability in Three Nigerian Pepper Varieties using Gamma Irradiation

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
N. E. Abu ◽  
E. O. Ojua ◽  
O. U. Udensi
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
60Co Source ◽  
Irradiation Dosage ◽  
The University

This study was aimed at inducing mutation on three cultivars of Capsicum annuum L. to source for new and favourable genetic variations that could be exploited for better agronomic traits. The mutation was induced by exposing the seeds of Shombo, Tatase and Nsukka yellow pepper to varied dosages (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy from 60Co source) of gamma irradiation. The study was conducted in the Botanic Garden of the University of Nigeria. Seeds exposed to 50Gy produced significantly (P < 0.05) the highest number of fruits per plant, highest fruit yield and improved morphological traits in Shombo. Higher dosages of irradiation gave lower fruits per plant and yields than untreated seeds in Shombo. Tatase irradiated with 150 Gy had significantly the highest single fresh fruit weight. Generally in Tatase 50, 100 and 150Gy increased some morphological traits significantly (P < 0.05). Although 50 Gy gave highest number of fruits per plant, 100, 150 and 200Gy had significantly higher fruit yield with yield increasing as dosage increased. For Nsukka yellow, irradiation did not show a consistent pattern in improving morphological traits. But 200Gy produced significantly the highest number of fruits per plant and highest yield. Gamma irradiation dosage of 50 – 200 Gy can be exploited to create variability for improvement of morphological and yield traits in pepper plants.

scholarly journals Combining abilities of maize inbred lines for grain yield and yield components

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Zivanovic ◽  
Gordana Brankovic ◽  
Slavko Radanovic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Diallel Mating Design

Diallel mating design experiment with reciprocal crosses was used to determine combining abilities of five maize inbred lines and their hybrid combinations for grain yield, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row in 2005. and 2006. year. GCA and SCA significant values were observed for all traits under study in both years. GCA/SCA relation showed that dominant gene effect had prevalent influence in the inheritance of grain yield, ear length and ear diameter. Additive gene effect had larger importance in the inheritance of number of kernel rows per ear. NS-1445 inbred line showed best GCA effect for grain yield, ear length and number of kernels per row, but worst GCA effect for number of kernel rows per ear. Best GCA effect for ear diameter achieved inbred line F-7R. Line BL-47 showed best GCA effect for number of kernel rows per ear in both years, but also the worst GCA effect for grain yield and number of kernels per row. Hybrid combination NS-1445 x BL-47 showed largest SCA effect for grain yield in both years and also showed, like hybrid combination F-7R x NS-1445, significant SCA effects for all other traits, except ear diameter. This cross also proved that hybrid combinations that include one parent with good GCA effect and the other parent with bad GCA effect can have very successful performance. It will be useful during selection material testing, to keep also genotypes which show bad GCA effect, but have phenotypic favorable trait values. Reciprocity effect was significant for SCA effects of all traits but ear diameter. It is the conformation of involvement of plasmagenes in maize quantitative traits inheritance. The largest reciprocity effect for grain yield achieved F-7R x BL-47 in both years. Significantly higher grain yield in this hybrid combination was achieved when line F-7R was used as a female parent and significantly higher number of kernel rows per ear was achieved when line BL-47 was used as a female parent.

scholarly journals Combining Ability And Heterosis For Some Quantitative Traits In Experimental Maize Hybrids

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Bhabendra Kumar Biswas ◽  
Nazmul Alam ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel

Abstract In rabi season 2012, six diversed maize inbred lines were crossed in all possible combinations without reciprocals by using a half diallel mating design to obtain 15 single cross. Inbred parents and their F1 single crosses with a check were evaluated in rabi season 2013 to evaluate the role of general and specific combining ability and heterosis for some quantitative traits. Significant general combining ability variances was observed only for cob height and specific combining ability variances were observed for plant height, cob height, cob length, cob girth, number of kernels per cob, cob weight and hundred grain weight. The GCA/SCA ratio was less than unity for all studied traits except shelling percentage; this means that these traits are pre-dominantly controlled by non-additive gene action. Based on GCA estimates, it could be concluded that the best combiners were ML01, ML05 and ML29 inbred lines for most of the studied traits. This result indicated that these inbred lines could be considered as good combiners for improving these traits. Significant positive SCA effects were found for all studied traits except number of kernels per row and shelling percentage. Based on SCA effects, it could be concluded that the crosses ML01×ML02, ML02×ML05, ML02×ML29 and ML05×ML15 could be exploited by the maize breeders to increase maize yield. Three F1 hybrids such as ML02×ML15, ML02×ML29 and ML05×ML15 proved to be the outstanding hybrids to immediate further steps for commercial cultivation. In a conclusive decision the F1 hybrid, ML02×ML29 was the best combination as evaluated through combining ability and standard heterosis.

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