scholarly journals The Possible Improving Effects of γ-Irradiated and/or Extruded Soy Flour on Hypercholesterolemic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-425
Author(s):  
Refaat G. HAMZA ◽  
Safaa AFIFI ◽  
Abdel-Rahman B. ABDEL-GHAFFAR ◽  
Ibrahim H. BORAI
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Careful Management ◽  
Serum Total Lipid ◽  
Total Amino Acids

Hypercholesterolemia is serious conditions that can cause fatal complications without careful management. Among the dietary supplementation with functional food, soybeans possess variety of antioxidant compounds that may lower incidence of hypercholesterolemia and degenerative cardiovascular disease. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of gammairradiated and/or extruded soy flour on hypercholesterolemic rats. Processing of soy flour by γ-irradiation and/or extrusion reduced the amount of antinutritional factors such as tannin and trypsin inhibitor and resulted in different changes in the total amino acids and fatty acid contents. The animals maintained on the HCD showed remarkable decrease in the level of HDL-C associated with significant increase in the values of serum total lipid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, vLDL-C and the risk ratio in addition to serum concentration of urea, creatinine and uric acid in comparison with those of the control group. However, dietary supplementation of raw and treated soy flour resulted in reduction in the bad changes induced by HCD in the above mentioned parameters. In conclusion, treated soy flour supplementation in diet of rats pointed out to its hypocholesterolemic effect and its ability to improve lipid profile and kidney function of hypercholesterolemic rats.

Effects of feeding Isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response of broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Gaafar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Lipids Profile

The research was conducted to study the effect of feeding broiler chickens on diets containing isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response. 90-one day old broiler chicks were used according to completely randomized two treatment groups and one control, 30 birds each. Birds fed ad-libitum on basal starter and grower-finisher diets for 35 day. Diets of treatment`s groups contained 0.5 g/Kg and 1 g/Kg of Isomaltooligosaccharides, while the control group fed on the basal diets without Isomaltooligosaccharides supplementation. Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with Isomaltooligosaccharides improved body weight, feed conversion, carcass traits, two lymphoid organs weight and log antibody titer against avian flu vaccine. Most of the highest values were for birds fed low levels of Isomaltooligosaccharides. Feed intake decreases as Isomaltooligosaccharides level increases. Dietary supplementation with Isomaltooligosaccharides did not affect the lipids profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL), however the blood VLDL levels decreased with increased levels of Malondialdehyde and Glutathione reductase. Collectively, Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with 0.5 g/Kg diet of Isomaltooligosaccharides improved growth performance, carcass traits and immune status.

scholarly journals Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Status by β-Carotene in Late Pregnant Sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xupeng Yuan ◽  
Jiahao Yan ◽  
Ruizhi Hu ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Β Carotene

Recent evidences suggest that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating physiological and metabolic activities of pregnant sows, and β-carotene has a potentially positive effect on reproduction, but the impact of β-carotene on gut microbiota in pregnant sows remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of β-carotene on the reproductive performance of sows from the aspect of gut microbiota. A total of 48 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 16) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 30 or 90 mg/kg of β-carotene from day 90 of gestation until parturition. Dietary supplementation of 30 or 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the number of live birth to 11.82 ± 1.54 and 12.29 ± 2.09, respectively, while the control group was 11.00 ± 1.41 (P = 0.201). Moreover, β-carotene increased significantly the serum nitric oxide (NO) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). Characterization of fecal microbiota revealed that 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the diversity of the gut flora (P < 0.05). In particular, β-carotene decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes including Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008, but enriched Proteobacteria including Bilophila and Sutterella, and Actinobacteria including Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium 1 which are related to NO synthesis. These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation of β-carotene may increase antioxidant enzyme activity and NO, an important vasodilator to promote the neonatal blood circulation, through regulating gut microbiota in sows.

scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves on Performance, Meat Characteristics, Oxidative Stability, and Fatty Acid Profile in Growing Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Selim ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Ahmed A. Saleh ◽  
Mohamed A. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) have gained great interest as a non-traditional feed ingredient due to their unique nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of graded dietary supplementation levels with MOL on performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant capacity, blood biochemical constituents, meat quality, and fatty acids profile of growing rabbits. A total of 120 weaned New Zealand white rabbits (6 weeks old) were randomly allotted into 4 dietary groups with 5 replicates each (n = 6), which were fed for 42 days with a basal diet as control or 3 experimental diets supplemented with 5, 10, or 15 g/kg MOL. The results showed that, compared to the control group, the dietary inclusion of MOL at a level of 10 and 15 g/kg DM linearly increased (p < 0.01) final live weight (2403.3 and 2498.2 vs. 2166.6) and average daily weight gain (36.5 and 35.51 g/d vs. 28.72 g/d), and enhanced feed conversion ratio (2.49 and 2.50 vs. 3.14). The dietary supplementation with MOL linearly increased dressing out percentage, spleen index, intestinal length, and decreased abdominal fat index (p < 0.01). Greater serum levels of total protein and globulin, but lower alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were observed in the MOL-fed rabbits (p < 0.01). Serum levels of total triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.05) were decreased linearly and quadratically in the MOL groups compared with the control. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased (p < 0.01), whereas malondialdehyde decreased (p < 0.01) linearly and quadratically in both serum and meat, in response to dietary MOL supplementation. Dietary MOL supplementation increased the meat crude protein content but lowered the relative content of ether extract in the meat (p < 0.05). The relative content of the meat n-3 PUFA was increased by about 33.71%, 29.46%, and 24.36% for the MOL0.5%, MOL1%, and MOL1.5% groups compared to control. In conclusion, MOL could be used at a level of 1.5g/kg of the growing rabbits’ diets with beneficial impacts on performance, antioxidant capacity, and the nutritional value of the meat.

scholarly journals The Role of Plant-Based Protein Functional Food in Preventing Acute Respiratory Disease: A Case Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Tarasov ◽  
Rofail S. Rakhmanov ◽  
Elena S. Bogomolova ◽  
Ludmila A. Perminova ◽  
Zhanna L. Malakhova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
University Students ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Control Group

The Kaliningrad region is known for its specific climate, which can negatively affect the adaptive potential of the body. This manifests in an increased incidence of respiratory diseases and skin conditions. To prevent high morbidity, a plant protein product was included in the diet of first-year university students. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this food intervention in preventing the most common diseases among Kaliningrad students. Two groups of university students took part in the food trial. In the control group, catabolic processes prevailed in nutrient metabolism. Disadaptation manifested itself in the metabolism of proteins, vitamins, minerals, hematopoiesis and humoral immunity. Inflammation was indicated by α1- and α2-globulins, a weak immune response, and IgM and IgG. High oxidative stress and low antioxidative ability of blood serum were observed. The plant-based protein product (FP) helped preserve testosterone level and prevent an increase in catabolic reactions. Moreover, it had a positive effect on both red blood cell hematopoiesis (a smaller increase in the average volume of erythrocytes, the same average concentration and content of hemoglobin, an increased relative red cell distribution width (RDW) and white blood cell hematopoiesis (a beneficial effect for the immune system: lymphocytes, the relative content of neutrophils, monocytes, basophils and eosinophils). The stimulation of humoral immunity was evidenced by beta- and gamma-globulins, an active immune response, the level of IgM and IgG, antioxidant protection, reduction of peroxides and an increase in antioxidant activity of blood serum. The 34-week observation showed a 1.7-fold decrease in the incidence of respiratory illnesses and a 5.7-fold decrease in skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases. Acute respiratory infections were reduced 1.8-fold. There were no cases of community-acquired pneumonia in the treatment group, compared with 55.1‰ in the control group. The incidence of respiratory diseases was 3.3–10.6 times lower in the treatment group than in the control group in weeks 6–19. The findings testify to the prophylactic effect of functional food during social adaptation and acclimatization of students.

scholarly journals Hepatic Gene Expression Changes in Rats Internally Exposed to Radioactive 56MnO2 Particles at Low Doses

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 758-766
Author(s):  
Bakhyt Ruslanova ◽  
Zhaslan Abishev ◽  
Nailya Chaizhunussova ◽  
Dariya Shabdarbayeva ◽  
Sholpan Tokesheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Γ Rays

We have studied the biological effects of the internal exposure to radioactive manganese-56 dioxide (56MnO2), the major radioisotope dust found in soil after atomic bomb explosions. Our previous study of blood chemistry indicated a possible adverse effect of 56MnO2 on the liver. In the present study, we further examined the effects on the liver by determining changes in hepatic gene expressions. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 56MnO2 particles (three groups with the whole-body doses of 41, 90, and 100 mGy), stable MnO2 particles, or external 60Co γ-rays (2 Gy), and were examined together with the non-treated control group on postexposure day 3 and day 61. No histopathological changes were observed in the liver. The mRNA expression of a p53-related gene, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, increased in 56MnO2 as well as in γ-ray irradiated groups on postexposure day 3 and day 61. The expression of a stress-responsive gene, nuclear factor κB, was also increased by 56MnO2 and γ-rays on postexposure day 3. However, the expression of cytokine genes (interleukin-6 or chemokine ligand 2) or fibrosis-related TGF-β/Smad genes (Tgfb1, Smad3, or Smad4) was not altered by the exposure. Our data demonstrated that the internal exposure to 56MnO2 particles at less than 0.1 Gy significantly affected the short-term gene expressions in the liver in a similar manner with 2 Gy of external γ-irradiation. These changes may be adaptive responses because no changes occurred in cytokine or TGF-β/Smad gene expressions.

Impact of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic, organic acids or their combination on growth performance, carcass traits, economic efficiency, jejunum histomorphometry and some blood indices of broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman S. Salah ◽  
Mahmoud S. El-Tarabany ◽  
Mohamed A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Blood Constituents

The objective was to explore the possible impacts of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic, organic acids or their combination on the growing efficiency, carcass traits and some blood constituents in broilers. In total, 160 1-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into four equal groups (40 birds with 8 replicates). The control group received the basal diet with no supplements, while diets of the treated groups were supplemented with organic acids (OA; 1 g/kg), a synbiotic (S; 1 g/kg) and an equal mix of OA and the synbiotic (OS; 2 g/kg). The dietary supplementation with OA decreased the feed intake (P = 0.011) and bodyweight gain (P = 0.011) when compared with other experimental groups. However, the dietary supplementation with the synbiotic plus OA resulted in a considerable improvement in the overall feed conversion rate when compared with the control and OA-supplemented groups (P = 0.001). Groups fed the diets supplemented with the synbiotic or the synbiotic plus OA showed significantly higher net profits and the profit to cost ratio than did the CON and OA-supplemented groups (P = 0.010 and 0.005 respectively). Birds in the S and OS groups had a significantly higher jejunum villus height (P = 0.001), and carcass (P = 0.012) and breast meat (P = 0.001) yields than did those in the control and OA groups. However, the synbiotic-supplemented group produced significantly lower abdominal fat percentage (P = 0.021). The dietary supplementation with the synbiotic or the synbiotic plus OA decreased the lymphocyte counts (P = 0.003) and the serum reduced glutathione concentration (P = 0.001), but significantly decreased the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.001), and the serum cholesterol (P = 0.014) and oxidised glutathione (P = 0.002) concentrations compared with the control and OA-supplemented groups. The present findings showed that dietary supplementation with a synbiotic or a synbiotic plus OA can improve the growth performance, carcass traits, serum antioxidant activity and blood-related indices in broilers.

scholarly journals 362 Effect of a modified hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate adsorbent on the growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and digestive tract morphology of chicks challenged with T-2 toxin

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Kun-Tan Wu ◽  
Lv-hui Sun ◽  
Jin-Tao Wei ◽  
Ni-Ya Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Calcium Aluminosilicate ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the modified hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) adsorbent ability to reduce the toxicity of T-2 toxin in broilers. 96 one-day-old male broilers were randomly allocated to 4 experimental groups with 4 replicates of 6 birds each. The four groups 1–4 were received the basal diet (BD), BD plus 6.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin, BD plus 6.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin with 0.05% modified HSCAS adsorbent, BD plus 0.05% modified HSCAS adsorbent, respectively, for 2 weeks. The growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and digestive tract histopathology were analyzed. Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation of T-2 toxin decreased (P &lt; 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion by 11.4–31.8% during d 1–7, d 8–14 and d 1–14. Dietary supplementation of T-2 toxin also decreased (P &lt; 0.05) the apparent metabolic rate of crude protein, calcium, and total phosphorus by 14.9–16.1% during d 8–14. These alterations induced by T-2 toxin were mitigated or prevented (P &lt; 0.05) by the supplementation of the modified HSCAS adsorbent. Meanwhile, dietary modified HSCAS adsorbent supplementation also prevented (P &lt; 0.05) T-2 toxin-induced morphological changes and damage, such as severe degeneration and desquamation of the villous epithelial cells, congestion in intestinal lamina propria, and edema and thicken in the serosa with infiltration of numerous lymphoid cells, in the gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of broilers. Notably, dietary supplementation of the modified HSCAS adsorbent alone did not affect (P &gt; 0.05) any of those parameters. In conclusion, these findings indicate this novel HSCAS could be used as a promising adsorbent for protecting against T-2 toxin-induced toxicity in chicks (This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, Projects 2018YFD0500601 and 2016YFD0501207).

scholarly journals The Role of Bamboo Shoot Gigantochloa apus Extract in Decreasing MDA and Increasing IL-10 at The Atherosclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Edy Soesanto ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
Soeharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Siti Fatimah Muis
Keyword(s):  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Bamboo Shoot ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Free Radical Formation

Introduction: Bamboo shoot Gigantochloa apus extract has antioxidant compounds that act as lipid peroxidation inhibitors and reduce free radical formation so that it can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress in the atherosclerosis. Aim: Knowing the effect of bamboo shoot Gigantochloa apus extract in reducing MDA levels and IL-10 increasing levels in rabbits given atherogenic diet. Methods: This experiment used randomized pre-test and post-test with control group design, in 24 New Zealand White rabbits divided into 4 groups randomly. MDA and IL-10 levels were examined by the ELISA method. Results and conclusion: Bamboo shoot Gigantochloa apus extract can reduce MDA levels and increase IL-10 levels significantly in accordance with increasing doses. The increase of MDA levels in the control group with all treatment groups was different (p = 0.0001), and between the treatment groups and other treatment groups there were also differences (p

scholarly journals Effects of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Metabolomics in Weaned Piglets Challenged by Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingfa Wang ◽  
Luli Zhou ◽  
Hanlin Zhou ◽  
Guanyu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Background: The effects of dietary supplementation with guava leaf extracts (GE) on growth performance, diarrhea and intestinal barrier function, as well as associated with its modulation of serum and fecal metabolic changes in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were investigated.Method: Fifty weaned piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) from 5 pens (2 piglets per pen) were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (BC), negative control group (NC), or those supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 (S50), 100 mg kg-1 (S100), or 200 (S200) mg kg-1 diet GE, respectively. On day 4, all piglets (except for BC) were orally challenged with about 1.0 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) enterotoxigenic ETEC. After 28-day trial, growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal barrier function and metabolomics of serum and fecal were investigated.Results: We demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) (P < 0.05) and sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) upregulated level of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and reversed higher level of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) caused by ETEC in serum compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets. In addition, dietary addition with GE (100 mg kg-1) reversed the lower level of L-pipecolic acid caused by ETEC in feces compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and decreased oxidative stress response of piglets. Further, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the final weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and F/G among dietary groups during the overall period, and piglets in S50 group has the higher average daily gain (ADG). Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets challenged by ETEC and exhibited positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function. Meanwhile, dietary addition with GE organized and redistributed energy resources through similar or dissimilar metabolic pathways, and finally enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets challenged by ETEC.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Dietary Supplementation with Capsicum Annum L on Performance, Hematology, Blood Biochemistry and Hepatic Antioxidant Status of Growing Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2045
Author(s):  
Hamada Elwan ◽  
Mostafa Abdelhakeam ◽  
Sally El-Shafei ◽  
Atef Abd El-Rahman ◽  
Zienhom Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Animals fed with a high amount of a wide range of antioxidants in their diet are significantly protected against oxidative stress. Powerful antioxidant substances such as vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids are present naturally in red-hot pepper (RHP). This study hypothesized that using RHP may provide protection against oxidative stress and enhance animal physiological responses. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of feeding New Zealand white rabbits with RHP-supplemented diets on their physiological and biochemical responses. New Zealand White rabbits (age = 6 weeks, n = 48) were split equally into three groups (n = 16 in each group). One group was fed a basal diet only (control group), with the other two groups fed a basal diet along with 1 and 2% RHP. Mass spectrometric analysis for the RHP methanolic extract showed some phenolic compounds, such as p-coumaric, sinapinic acids, vanillic, and luteolin, as well as catechin and its isomers. Hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and CAT) were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) by feeding rabbits diets supplemented with 1 or 2% RHP. The addition of RHP significantly enhanced immune-responses; phagocytic activity, chemotaxis, TIg, IgG, IgM, and IgA increased when growing rabbits were fed RHP compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 1 or 2% RHP may play a role as an enhancer of growth and immune response in growing rabbits.

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