scholarly journals Development of Shoot Cultures from Leaf Explant of Portulaca quadrifida L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh PATHAK ◽  
Aruna JOSHI ◽  
Asha SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Response Variation

Portulaca quadrifida (Portulacaceae) is an annual succulent herb having medicinal value and is consumed as a vegetable or salads in India. In the present study, leaf explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium fortified with sucrose (3%) and combinations of N6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and kinetin (KIN) individually and in combination with 1-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA). Rapid regeneration was observed in medium fortified with combinations of 6-BA (8 µM) and NAA (1 µM) which formed 19.40 ± 0.64 shoots with 100% response. Variation in sucrose concentrations (4-6%) was tried but it failed to increase the shoot number. When the optimized medium was fortified with different carbon sources viz. dextrose, glucose and maltose, they could not evoked better response and sucrose proved to be more effective for regeneration. Rooting of in vitro shoots was achieved in ½MS + sucrose (1%) + indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 2 µM).

scholarly journals In vitro Shoot Cultures of Tupistra albiflora K. Larsen

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Jiraporn PALEE
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Shoots

To evaluate an efficient protocol for the micropropagation of Tupistra albiflora K. Larsen, the effects of N6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) concentrations on multiple shoot and root induction were examined. In vitro shoots were used as the explant materials which were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L BA for 4 weeks to induce multiple shoots. It was found that the MS medium containing 3 mg/L BA induced 100 % shoot formation with the highest number of 3.2 shoots per explant (2.4-fold significantly higher than the control). For root induction, in vitro shoots were cultured on MS agar medium supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L NAA for 8 weeks. The results showed that the MS medium containing 1 mg/L NAA induced 100 % root formation with the highest number of 6.6 roots per explant (1.8-fold significantly higher than the control).

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Digitalis trojana Ivanina., an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurşen Çördük ◽  
Cüneyt Aki
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Northwestern Turkey ◽  
Helen Of Troy ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant

Digitalis trojana Ivanina is a member of the Plantaginaceae family and known by its common name, Helen of Troy foxglove. It is perennial endemic to Çanakkale and Balıkesir, northwestern Turkey. In order to develop an efficient shoot regeneration protocol, the leaf explants of D. trojana were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6-benzyl adenine (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 mg/L) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L), 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar. The highest number of regenerated shoots was obtained from leaf explants that were cultured on MS medium with 3.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS medium without plant growth regulators. Rooted plants (2–3 cm) were separately transferred to pots containing a mixture of peat and perlite (2:1 v/v) and acclimatized successfully in a growth chamber.

scholarly journals In vitro callus induction of gerbera from leaf explant

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sadia Afrin Jui ◽  
Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽  
M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
Sharmila Rani Mallik ◽  
Iffat Jahan Nur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Explant ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on leaf explant of Gerbera for callus induction. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used to initiate cultures. These were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP+ 2, 4-D+ IAA in T4 treatment & BAP+ 2,4-D in T5 treatment showed the best results for callus induction. On the other hand callus was induced early in the combination of BA+ 2,4-D + IAA hormone in T5, T9 & T8 treatment respectively. The rate of callus induction was very low in BA + NAA combinations but it was much earlier.   

scholarly journals Effect of phytohormones on shoot apex and leaf explants of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Rani ◽  
M. Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

An efficient protocol for callus induction of Withania somnifera through in vitro culture of shoot apex and leaf explant was standardized. Of the various combinations of phytohormones evaluated, MS media supplemented with 6-furfuryl aminopurine (KIN) 0.5 mg/l + 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) 2.0 mg/l was found to be bestfor mean callus induction (86%) in leaf explants after 6 weeks of culture and in case of shoot apex expant the best response and growth of callusing was observed on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1.0 mg/l + BAP 2.0 mg/l (77%).The response of callus growth increases gradually with the reductions in concentration of KIN in culturemedium of both the explants. This protocol might be used in further research for mass propagation of W. somnifera via indirect regeneration methods.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Liriope muscari via leaf explant

1969 ◽  
Vol 83 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Keithley L. Amory ◽  
John M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Isopentenyl Adenine ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Young leaves of Liriope muscari provide an ample source of explants for in vitro propagation in tropical countries where flowering is scarce. Leaves were induced to form calli on a solid medium containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts and vitamins, 3% sucrose, 0.7% agar, 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy- acetic acid (2, 4-D) and 1 mg/L 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin). Only the proximal segments of the leaves produced calli. These calli were induced to produce multiple plantlets on MS medium, 3% sucrose, 0.7% agar, and 10 mg/L N6 (2-isopentenyl) adenine (2 ip). It is possible to use leaf explants for in vitro mass production of Liriope. However, in variegated varieties, only green or white plants were produced, because of a chimera in the original tissue.

scholarly journals Micropropagation, Callus Induction and Regeneration of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Seied Mehdi Miri
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

AbstractThe present study describes a protocol for micro-propagation, callus induction, and shoot regeneration of ginger (Zingiber officinale). The rhizomes were surface-sterilized with ethanol (70%) for 45 s, sodium hypochlorite (2.5%) for 10 min, and mercuric chloride (0.1%) for 10 min. Multiple shoots were induced from sprouting bud explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA) combined with kinetin (Kin). The maximum shoot number was obtained from MS medium containing 10 mg/l BA with a mean of 20.6 shoots per explant. The leaf explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), Dicamba, or BA for callus culture. Green-red compact calli were induced using 2,4-D, Dicamba or BA. Also, BA successfully induced plant regeneration. The multiplied shoots that were transferred to the rooting medium (½MS supplemented with 0, 1 and 2 mg/l IAA, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or NAA) showed development of roots (100%). The rooted plantlets were transferred to pots containing a 1:1 mixture of cocopeat and perlite, and acclimatization was successful, resulting in 85% survival of the plantlets in the greenhouse.

scholarly journals CALLUS INDUCTION IN SOMATIC TISSUES OF PRUNUS PERSICA L.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 698c-698
Author(s):  
Veronique Declerck ◽  
Schuyler S. Korban
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Half Strength

Leaf segments of Prunus persica L. (peach) collected from greenhouse-grown plants and from micropropagated shoots were cultured on a basal medium containing half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS), Staba vitamins, sucrose (30 g/1) and agar (6.5 g/l); medium adjusted to pH 5.6. The influence of 6 different growth regulators at 3 concentrations (5, 10, 15 μM) were investigated using leaf explants from proliferating shoots of 'Elberta Queen' peach. With thidiazuron (TDZ), compact and multiple green calli were obtained; with benzyladenine and zeatin, lower numbers of small sized calli were obtained; with kinetin, no callus development was observed. Among auxin treatments, both Dicamba and 2,4-D resulted in friable white and yellow calli. Most of the calli produced in all treatments were formed along the cut margins of the explants. In an another experiment, leaf explants of' Bellaire' (greenhouse) and `Elberta Queen' (in vitro shoots) were used to determine the influence of a large scale concentration of TDZ (3 to 23 |iM). Explants from greenhouse and in vitro leaves resulted in higher levels of callus development at TDZ concentrations of 8-13 μM. Higher TDZ levels resulted in necrosis of leaf explants. The-influence of different carbon sources on callogenesis was investigated. We observed more green and compact calli with glucose than with sucrose and fructose at 100 mM. The influence of the glucose at 10 different concentrations (30 to 300 mM) was also investigated.

scholarly journals Rapid In vitro Multiplication of Chirita longgangensis W.T. Wang: An Endemic and Endangered Gesneriaceae Species in China

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghui Tang ◽  
Honghui Lin ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Weilun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Basal Leaf ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

Experiments were conducted to establish an efficient protocol for micropropagation of Chirita longgangensis W.T. Wang. Somatic embryos formed directly at the cut edges of C. longgangensis leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine (BA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). During the somatic embryo induction stage, leaf explants and basal leaf explants were used. Leaves were more appropriate explants than the basal leaf explants. The best medium was modified MS macronutrients and micronutrients supplemented with 0.5 mg·L−1 BA and 0.1 mg·L−1 NAA (the best mean number of somatic embryos per explants was 24.10 ± 1.63). The second stage was root induction and elongation. In vitro regenerated plantlets rooted best on MS medium containing 0.1 mg·L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 30 g·L−1 sucrose. Rooted plantlets, following acclimatization in a greenhouse, were successfully transferred to field conditions, and 95% of the plants survived. Application of this protocol has the ability for mass multiplication, in a limited time, of the endangered species C. longgangensis.

scholarly journals Optimizing the concentrations of plant growth regulators for in vitro shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration from calluses of grapes

OENO One ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadra Khan ◽  
Maqsood Ahmed ◽  
Ishfaq Hafiz ◽  
Nadeem Abbasi ◽  
Shaghef Ejaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Grape Cultivar ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Number Of Shoots

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: To optimize the concentrations of growth regulators in the media for the proficient micropropagation of grapevine (<em>Vitis vinifera </em>L.) cv. King’s Ruby.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Apical meristems of the grape cultivar were used to establish <em>in vitro</em> shoot cultures. Nodal explants, each containing an axillary bud, taken from <em>in vitro</em> grown shoots were inoculated in shoot proliferation medium, i.e., half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl aminopurine (BAP), kinetin, glycine and gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>). A higher number of shoots (5.33) with greater shoot length (2.75 cm) was produced in the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BAP and 0.1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> GA<sub>3</sub>. Calluses were induced from leaf explants taken from <em>in vitro</em> grown shoots. Callus induction was greater (73.00%) on the medium containing 2.0 mg L<sup>-1</sup> 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.3 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BAP and 0.2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The maximum frequency of shoot regeneration (53.33%) was achieved on the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BAP and 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NAA, and the regenerated shoots successfully formed roots on growth regulator-free half strength MS medium.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA<sub>3</sub> and omitting the glycine and kinetin in the culture medium increased the number and length of shoots. Similarly, for inducing the callus of the leaf explants, taken from <em>in vitro</em> grown shoots, it is recommended to adjust the medium with the higher concentration of 2,4-D and lower concentrations of BAP. Moreover, the maximum number of shoots was regenerated on a medium supplemented with relatively high levels of both BAP and NAA (1.5 and 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). Finally, we suggest the half strength MS medium that is free from growth regulators for the root formation of the regenerated shoots.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: Optimizing the concentration of growth regulators is crucial for the efficient micropropagation of a grape cultivar. Knowing the specific balance between the growth regulators is necessary to establish <em>in vitro</em> shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration and, hence, to propagate disease-free true to type grape cultivars in a short time.</p>

scholarly journals Efficient Plant Regeneration via Indirect Organogenesis in Carnation (Dianthus Caryophyllus Semperflorens flore pleno) Cultivars

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza SABAGHI ◽  
Gholamreza SHARIFI-SIRCHI ◽  
Pejman AZADI ◽  
Mohammad Hossein AZIMI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Shoot Number

ABSTRACT Callus induction and plant regeneration are important steps of in vitro plant breeding of ornamental plants. In this study, the effects of different combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs), promoters, and minerals on callus induction and plant regeneration in different carnation cultivars were studied in a completely randomized design with three replications. For callus induction, 16 different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and casein hydrolysate (CH) were studied using in vitro leaf explants. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.2 mg·dm-3 of 2,4-D and 200 mg·dm-3 of CH showed the highest frequency of callus induction. Among the cultivars, ‘Noblesse’ showed the highest rate of callus induction (91.67%). Regarding regeneration, BA, NAA, silver nitrate (AgNO3), and adenine hemisulfate (As) were used in ten different combinations. The ‘Cameron’, ‘Tabasco’, and ‘Noblesse’ cultivars with 95.24% regeneration percentage showed the highest rate of plant regeneration. Generally, in most cultivars, the highest regeneration rate and shoot number per explant were found in the MS medium supplemented with 3 mg·dm-3 of BA, 0.6 mg·dm-3 of NAA, 5 mg·dm-3 of AgNO3, and 40 mg·dm-3 of As. According to the results, the highest regeneration frequency was obtained when 40 mg·dm-3 of As was added to the medium. Finally, the flow cytometry analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between in vitro regenerated and control plants in terms of DNA ratios.

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