scholarly journals Effect of Al on the growth and nutrients uptake of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 656-665
Author(s):  
Qilong ZENG ◽  
Yanqin JIANG ◽  
Gangqiang DONG ◽  
Jiguang WEI ◽  
Jiafeng JIANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Al Treatment ◽  
Foliar N Concentration

Aluminum (Al) is the major factor limiting plant growth on acidic soils. Blueberry (Vaccinum spp.) is an acidophilic plant. Highbush blueberry and rabbiteye blueberry are the main commercially cultivated species, while the response of which to Al is still unclear. Therefore, hydroponic experiments were conducted to determine the effect of Al (0 and 100 μmol L−1) on the growth and nutrient uptake of highbush blueberry ‘Brigitta’ and rabbiteye blueberry ‘Brightwell’. The results showed that root biomass, root length per fresh weight, root activity and foliar nitrogen (N) concentration of ‘Brigitta’ were significantly decreased by Al, while root lipid peroxidation was increased by Al. In contrast, the biomass and root activity of ‘Brightwell’ were not affected by Al treatment, root lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased, root length and surface area per fresh weight were increased compared with the control, which was benefic for nutrients absorption. In fact, foliar N concentration of ‘Brightwell’ was increased in Al treatments. However, fewer Al was accumulated in leaves of ‘Brightwell’ compared to ‘Brigitta’. Therefore, it could be concluded that growth and nutrients uptake of ‘Brightwell’ was not negative affected by Al, which meant ‘Brightwell’ was resistant to Al, compared to ‘Brigitta’.

scholarly journals Peroxidase and lipid peroxidation of soybean roots in response to p-coumaric and p-hydroxybenzoic acids

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Minatovicz F. Doblinski ◽  
Maria de Lourdes L. Ferrarese ◽  
Domitila A. Huber ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Alessandro de Lucca e Braccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids ◽  
Soybean Roots

The scope of the present study was to investigate how the p-coumaric (p-CA) and p-hydroxybenzoic (p-HD) acids affect the peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity, the lipid peroxidation (LP) and the root growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Three-day-old seedlings were cultivated in nutrient solution containing p-CA or p-HD (0.1 to 1 mM) for 48 h. After uptake, both compounds (at 0.5 and 1 mM) decreased root length (RL), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) while increased soluble POD activity, cell wall (CW)-bound POD activity (with 1 mM p-CA and 0.5 mM p-HD) and LP.

scholarly journals Foliar SPAD-502 Meter Values, Nitrogen Levels, and Extractable Chlorophyll for Red Maple Selections

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff L. Sibley ◽  
D. Joseph Eakes ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
Gary J. Keever ◽  
William A. Dozier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Foliar N Concentration

Twelve red maple selections in an existing field trial were evaluated for leaf chlorophyll content with a SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter, total foliar N concentration with a LECO CHN analyzer, and total foliar chlorophyll content (CHL) by N,N-dimethylformamide extraction. Selections included Acer rubrum L. `Autumn Flame', `Fairview Flame', `Franksred' (Red Sunset™), `Karpick', `Northwood', `October Glory', `Redskin', `Schlesingeri', and `Tilford', and A. ×freemanii E. Murray `AutumnBlaze' (`Jeffersred'), `Morgan' (`Indian Summer'), and `Scarsen' (Scarlet Sentinel™). `Franksred' and `Northwood' had the highest monthly SPAD-502 values in 1993 and 1994. Lowest SPAD-502 values were on `Redskin' and `Autumn Blaze' each year. Foliar N concentration ranged from 2.62% for `Autumn Flame' to 2.01% for Redskin. CHL levels on a fresh-weight basis ranged from 5.38 mg·g–1 for `Fairview Flame' to 3.94 mg·g–1 for `October Glory'. SPAD-502 and extractable CHL values were correlated (r = 0.45; P ≤ 0.001); however, the correlation (r = 0.15; P ≤ 0.38) between SPAD-502 values and total foliar N concentration was nonsignificant.

Penconazole and calcium ameliorate drought stress in canola by upregulating the antioxidative enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezayian ◽  
Vahid Niknam ◽  
Hassan Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Effects Of Drought

The aim of this research was to gauge the alternations in the lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activity in two cultivars (cv. RGS003 and cv. Sarigol) of canola under drought stress and drought tolerance amelioration by penconazole (PEN) and calcium (Ca). Plants were treated with different polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15%) without or with PEN (15 mg L–1) and Ca (15 mM). The Ca treatment prevented the negative effects of drought on fresh weight (FW) in RGS003 and Sarigol at 5 and 15% PEG respectively. Ca and PEN/Ca treatments caused significant induction in the proline content in Sarigol at 15% PEG; the latter treatment was accompanied by higher glycine betaine (GB), lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and growth recovery. Hydrogen peroxide (HO2) content in Sarigol was proportional to the severity of drought stress and all PEN, Ca and PEN/Ca treatments significantly reduced the H2O2 content. PEN and PEN/Ca caused alleviation of the drought-induced oxidative stress in RGS003. RGS003 cultivar exhibited significantly higher antioxidative enzymes activity at most levels of drought, which could lead to its drought tolerance and lower MDA content. In contrast to that of Sarigol, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with Ca and PEN/Ca treatments in RGS003 under low stress. The application of PEN and Ca induced significantly P5CS and SOD expression in RGS003 under drought stress after 24 h. Overall, these data demonstrated that PEN and Ca have the ability to enhance the tolerance against the drought stress in canola plants.

Growth and N status of Populus in mixture with red alder on recent volcanic mudflow from Mount Saint Helens

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Heilman
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Red Alder ◽  
Total N ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foliar N Concentration

Eleven months after the May 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens in southeastern Washington, United States, three Populus clones were planted in an experiment on the Toutle River mudflow deposit. The trees grew at an abnormally slow rate and by 3 years were overtopped by a dense stand (14 600 ± 3600 trees/ha) of red alder seeded naturally onto the site. Over the 6-year period of the study, the total N content of the soil increased an average of 56 kg•ha−1•year−1•. Foliar N concentration in Populus increased significantly from a mean late summer – early autumn value in the 2nd year (1982) of 0.69% N to a value of 2.06% N at the end of the seventh growing season. The mean annual height growth of the largest Populus averaged <0.5 m/year in the first 3 years, increasing to an average of over 1.0 m/year in the 5th and 6th years. Fertilizer treatments with N (as urea) and N + P (as urea plus treble superphosphate) placed in the soil near the individual Populus at a maximum rate of 5.3 g N/tree increased height growth in the year of fertilization (1982) and the following year (the response in height growth for the 2 years totaled 64%). After 1984, no significant effects of fertilizer on height growth, total height, or diameter were evident. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased foliar N concentration (1.54% N with the highest N treatment vs. 0.69% N in the control) in the year of treatment only. Phosphorus fertilization had no significant effect on growth or foliar P concentration. At 6 years, only 2% of the Populustrichocarpa Torr. & Gray clone and 13% of the tallest Populus hybrid were equal to or above the mean height of alder dominants and codominants (6.2 m). Additionally, the diameter growth of Populus was severely limited: the trees had only 8% of the cross-sectional area of "normal" trees for their height. Results indicated that on sites of low N such as the mudflow, Populus may not compete satisfactorily in mixture with alder. Such behavior is in sharp contrast to sites of high N, where red alder cannot compete with Populus.

scholarly journals Effects of light intensity and co-inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium on root growth and nodulation of Indigofera tinctoria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti ◽  
Djoko Purnomo ◽  
Supriyono Supriyono ◽  
Bambang Pujiasmanto ◽  
Desy Setyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria

<p class="Default"><em>Indigofera tinctoria</em> is a legume that is cultivated as a source of natural indigo dyes. As a legume, <em>Indigofera tinctoria</em> is capable of symbiosis with soil microbes. This study evaluates the effects of light intensity and microbial inoculation on root growth and nodulation. The study used a complete randomized block design with a split-plot pattern. Light intensity was the main plot with four levels of light intensity 100%, 50%, 25%, and 10%. Microbial inoculation was a subplot with four levels without inoculation, mycorrhizae inoculation, rhizobium inoculation, and double inoculation with both mycorrhizae and rhizobium. The results obtained show that light intensity and microbial inoculation affected root length, root fresh weight, root biomass, and the number of nodules. 50% light intensity was optimum for root length, while 100% light intensity was optimum for root fresh weight, root biomass, and a number of nodules. Root growth and nodulation were further increased with double inoculation. The combination of light intensity and microbial inoculation affected root biomass and nodulation. The combination of 100% light intensity and double inoculation resulted in the highest root biomass and nodule numbers. Mycorrhizae and rhizobium have a synergistic relationship to nodulation and root growth. Double inoculation with mycorrhizae and rhizobium efficiently increased root biomass and the number of nodules under low or high light intensity.</p>

scholarly journals Nitrogen Nutrition of Containerized Cupressus arizonica var. glabra ‘Carolina Sapphire’

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter L. Stubbs ◽  
Stuart L. Warren ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Calcined Clay ◽  
Root Area ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Cupressus Arizonica

Abstract Rooted stem cuttings of ‘Carolina Sapphire’ smooth Arizona cypress [Cupressus arizonica var. glabra (Sudw.) Little ‘Carolina Sapphire’] grown in calcined clay in 3.8 liter (#1) containers were fertilized daily for 16 weeks with a complete nutrient solution containing 0, 20, 40, 80 or 160 mg N/liter supplied as ammonium nitrate. Plant heights and stem diameters were unaffected by N rate suggesting that a daily nutrient application of 20 mg N/liter was adequate for maximizing growth. Nitrogen fertilization increased heights and stem diameters by 71% and 56%, respectively, compared to the nontreated controls (0 mg N/liter). Even though shoot growth was unaffected by increasing N levels, foliage N concentration was positively correlated (r = 0.75, P &lt; 0.0001) to N levels. As N concentration increased, total root area and total root length increased quadratically. Nitrogen fertilization increased root area and root length 119% and 108%, respectively, compared to the nontreated controls. Phosphorus concentration of shoots increased quadratically with increasing N levels. Nitrogen rate failed to affect K concentration of shoots. Shoot Ca and Mg concentrations decreased with increasing N levels.

Seedling Growth Characteristics of 24 Provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1099-1103
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Zhang ◽  
Cheng He Wang ◽  
Min Hua Zhao ◽  
Wan Qi Wang ◽  
Jun Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Membership Value

Seedling growth traits of 24 provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii were analyzed to select superior provenances. Variance and correlation on height, basal diameter, root length, root and stem fresh weight of 1-year old and 2-year old seedlings of those provenances were analyzed. Then correlation coefficients between these growth traits and membership value of height and basal diameter of 24 provenances were carried on. Results showed that variance on growth traits of 1-year old seedlings among 24 provenances were only significant for height, but for basal diameter, height, root and stem fresh weight of 2-year old seedlings. Based on correlation coefficients between growth traits, height and basal diameter were selected for comprehensive evaluation. The top 5 provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii were Neimeng Balinzuo, Hebei Weichang 1-21, 7-46, 8-75, and Beijing, according to average of membership value of height and basal diameter.

Pathogenic effects of Heterodera avenae and Rhizoctonia solani and their interaction on wheat

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Meagher ◽  
SC Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Pathogenic Effects

The effects of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera arenae and the fungus Rhizoctonin solani on the growth of wheat seedlings were examined under glasshouse conditions. In combination, the pathogens caused significantly greater reduction in tillering, plant height, fresh weight, and root number and length than that caused by either pathogen when acting alone. Reduction in plant height, root number, and root length were the result of interaction. Nematode-fungus interaction may be the cause of disease in the field usually attributed to only one of these pathogens.

Effect of Color Shading Nets on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Flowering Chinese Cabbage

2012 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Shi Wei Song ◽  
Qiu Yan Yan ◽  
Fei Dong ◽  
Hou Cheng Liu ◽  
Guang Wen Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flowering Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
P Content ◽  
Leaf Vegetable ◽  
Color Shading

The effect of color shading-nets (red net, blue net and silver net) and ordinary black net on plant growth and nutrient uptake of flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) were studied, with no net shading as the control. The results indicated that, compared with the control, red net covering increased plant height, leaf area and stem diameter of flowering Chinese cabbage. Red and blue nets covering enhanced the above ground fresh weight, while the silver and black nets covering decreased the above ground fresh weight. Shading net covering significantly improved the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) content of flowering Chinese cabbage, while it had no significant effect on the phosphorus (P) content. Red and blue nets covering enhanced mineral nutrients uptake, while it was decreased under silver and black nets covering. Red and blue nets covering promoted plant growth and nutrients uptake of flowering Chinese cabbage and could be widely applied in leaf vegetable production.

INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND OTHER QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN BRASSICA NAPUS VAR. NAPOBRASSICA

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Grant ◽  
Patricia M. Harney ◽  
B. R. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis

Highly significant positive heterosis was found for root length, diameter and fresh weight in F1 hybrids derived in a seven-parent diallel cross of commercially available cultivars of Brassica napus L. var. napobrassica Mill. Significant general combining ability and specific combining ability effects and a preponderance of additive gene action were also noted for root length, diameter and fresh weight. The inheritance of these three traits is thought to be conditioned by additivity at the majority of loci and partial dominance at the remaining ones. Heritability estimates ranged from 0% for dry matter to 26% for root diameter.

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