Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and Meadow Fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) as Affected by Rhizobacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera STAJKOVIĆ-SRBINOVIĆ ◽  
Dušica DELIĆ ◽  
Djordje KUZMANOVIĆ ◽  
Biljana SIKIRIĆ ◽  
Nataša RASULIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Total N ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

A diverse group of soil bacteria found in the rhizosphere which can colonize plant roots and improve plant growth are designated as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. The aim of this study was isolation and screening of different rhizobacterial strains for plant growth promoting characteristics and their ability to improve growth of two grass species, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.). The strains investigated, belonging to the genera Azotobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and rhizobial bacteria, showed various plant growth promoting traits, such as phosphate solubilisation, siderophore production, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. Co-inoculation of meadow fescue with Azotobacter chroococcum A2 and Sinorhizobium meliloti or Pseudomonas sp., and A. chroococcum A5 with S. meliloti, significantly increased shoot dry weight (SDW)(25-33%), as well as total N (26-33%), P (24-31%) and K (26-28%) contents in plants (mg pot-1), compared to uninoculated control. In addition, inoculation of orchardgrass with A. chroococcum strain A1, as well as co-inoculation with B. megaterium and A. chroococcum A1 or A31, significantly increased SDW (51-59%) and total N (54-59%), P (51-74%) and K (49-55%) contents, compared to uninoculated control. Nitrogen percentage in SDW was slightly higher than sufficiency ranges, while K percentage was optimal in all treatments in both species. Phosphorous percentage was lower than sufficiency ranges as a consequence of very low soil P content. The results emphasize the potential of particular rhizobacteria to improve the growth of forage grasses.

Effects of plant-growth-promoting bacteria on growth and yield of pepper under limited nitrogen supply

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Del Amor ◽  
I. Porras
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Total N ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Fluorescence Maximum ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The influence of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense and Pantoea dispersa) on sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) under limited N supply was studied. Inoculation did not affect leaf CO2 assimilation, Ci/Ca (the ratio of the intercellular to the ambient CO2 concentration), concentration of chlorophylls, chlorophyll fluorescence (maximum quantum efficiency of PSII) or SPAD readings. Total plant dry weight was significantly reduced in both inoculated and non-inoculated plants when the N supply was reduced from 12 (control) to 7 mM, whilst the NO3− and total-N concentrations in the leaves were not significantly affected by inoculation. Inoculation did not affect marketable fruit yield or the pigments (chlorophylls, lycopene and β-carotene) and carbohydrate (sucrose, glucose and fructose) contents in the fruits but flavonoids and anthocyanins were increased significantly by the addition of the bacteria, relative to non-inoculated plants under limited N supply. Key words: Plant-growth-promoting bacteria, Capsicum annuum L., soilless, photosynthesis, chlorophylls, flavonoids

scholarly journals Biomass Yield, Nitrogen Content and Uptake, And Nutritive Value of Alfalfa Co-Inoculated with Plant-Growth Promoting Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-420
Author(s):  
Cecilio Viega Soares Filho ◽  
Leonardo Aurélio Silva ◽  
Jaqueline Silva Boregio ◽  
Mariangela Hungria ◽  
Adônis Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Total N ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) has high forage yield potential, protein quality, palatability, and digestibility, and low seasonality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti and Azospirillum brasilense on the nutritive content, bromatological composition (crude protein [CP], neutral detergent fiber [NDF], acid detergent fiber [ADF], and in vitro digestibility of dry weight [IVDDW]), and shoot dry weight (SDW), relative chlorophyll index (RCI), number of tillers (NT), plant height (PH), and root dry weight (RDW) and volume (RV), of alfalfa grown in a Typic Ultisol. The experiment consisted of eight combinations of plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The treatments were as follows: T1:non-inoculated control without N-fertilizer (NI); T2: NI + N-fertilizer, and inoculated with T3: Sinorhizobium (=Ensifer) meliloti SEMIA 116 + N-fertilizer; T4: S. meliloti SEMIA 116 + A. brasilense Ab-V5 + Ab-V6 + N-fertilizer; T5: S. meliloti SEMIA 134 + N-fertilizer; T6: S. meliloti SEMIA 134 + co-inoculation + N-fertilizer; T7: S. meliloti SEMIA 135 + N-fertilizer; and T8: S. meliloti SEMIA 135 + co-inoculation + N-fertilizer. S. meliloti strains are used in commercial inoculants for the alfalfa, and A. brasilense for several non-legumes and legumes in Brazil. The experiment was performed for three successive cuts under greenhouse conditions. Application of N-fertilization increases the production cost, making alfalfa cultivation unviable. Inoculation with three strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti highly promoted alfalfa growth, considering several parameters, including PH, RCI, NT, SDW and RDW, nutritive value, and with an emphasis on RV, and total N content and total N accumulated in shoots and roots. No further increases were observed with the co-inoculation with the PGPB A. brasilense. Studies in field and greenhouse conditions are necessary to verify the benefits of the use of PGPB in the cultivation of alfalfa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Symbiotic Association between Various Rhizobia, Capable of Producing Plant-Growth-Promoting Biomolecules and Mung Bean for Sustainable Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13832
Author(s):  
Abid Mahmood ◽  
Tanvir Shahzad ◽  
Sabir Hussain ◽  
Qasim Ali ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Rhizobial Strain ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rhizobial Isolates

To feed the increased world population, sustainability in the production of crops is the need of the hour, and exploration of an effective symbiotic association of rhizobia with legumes may serve the purpose. A laboratory-scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the symbiotic effectiveness of twenty wild rhizobial isolates (MR1–MR20) on the growth, physiology, biochemical traits, and nodulation of mung bean to predict better crop production with higher yields. Rhizobial strain MR4 resulted in a 52% increase in shoot length and 49% increase in shoot fresh mass, while MR5 showed a 30% increase in root length, with 67% and 65% improvement in root fresh mass by MR4 and MR5, respectively, compared to uninoculated control. Total dry matter of mung bean was enhanced by 73% and 68% with strains MR4 and MR5 followed by MR1 and MR3 with 60% increase in comparison to control. Rhizobial strain MR5 produced a maximum (25 nodules) number of nodules followed by MR4, MR3, and MR1 which produced 24, 23, and 21 nodules per plant. Results related to physiological parameters showed the best performance of MR4 and MR5 compared to control among all treatments. MR4 strain helped the plants to produce the lowest values of total soluble protein (TSP) (38% less), flavonoids contents (44% less), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents (52% less) among all treatments compared to uninoculated control plants. Total phenolics contents of mung bean plants also showed significantly variable results, with the highest value of 54.79 mg kg−1 in MR—inoculated plants, followed by MR5- and MR1-inoculated plants, while the minimum concentration of total phenolics was recorded in uninoculated control plants of mung bean. Based on the results of growth promotion, nodulation ability, and physiological and biochemical characteristics recorded in an experimental trial conducted under gnotobiotic conditions, four rhizobial isolates (MR1, MR3, MR4, and MR5) were selected using cluster and principal component analysis. Selected strains were also tested for a variety of plant-growth-promoting molecules to develop a correlation with the results of plant-based parameters, and it was concluded that these wild rhizobial strains were effective in improving sustainable production of mung bean.

scholarly journals INOCULATION AND ISOLATION OF PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA IN MAIZE GROWN IN VITÓRIA DA CONQUISTA, BAHIA, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelma da Silva Santos ◽  
Tarciana de Oliveira Viana ◽  
Cristina Meira de Jesus ◽  
Vera Lúcia Divan Baldani ◽  
Joilson Silva Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Acetylene Reduction Activity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Maize is among the most important crops in the world. This plant species can be colonized by diazotrophic bacteria able to convert atmospheric N into ammonium under natural conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of inoculation of the diazotrophic bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae (ZAE94) and isolate new strains of plant growth-promoting bacteria in maize grown in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. The study was conducted in a greenhouse at the Experimental Area of the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia. Inoculation was performed with peat substrate, with and without inoculation containing strain ZAE94 of H. seropedicae and four rates of N, in the form of ammonium sulfate (0, 60, 100, and 140 kg ha-1 N). After 45 days, plant height, dry matter accumulation in shoots, percentage of N, and total N (NTotal) were evaluated. The bacteria were isolated from root and shoot fragments of the absolute control; the technique of the most probable number and identification of bacteria were used. The new isolates were physiologically characterized for production of indole acetic acid (IAA) and nitrogenase activity. We obtained 30 isolates from maize plants. Inoculation with strain ZAE94 promoted an increase of 14.3 % in shoot dry mass and of 44.3 % in NTotal when associated with the rate 60 kg ha-1 N. The strains N11 and N13 performed best with regard to IAA production and J06, J08, J10, and N15 stood out in acetylene reduction activity, demonstrating potential for inoculation of maize.

scholarly journals Isolation and screening of multifunctional phosphate solubilizing bacteria and its growth-promoting effect on Chinese fir seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Chen ◽  
Guangyu Zhao ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Total N ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Traits

AbstractPhosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms is a microbial fertilizer with broad application potential. In this study, 7 endophytic phosphate solubilizing bacteria were screened out from Chinese fir, and were characterized for plant growth-promoting traits. Based on morphological and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the endophytes were distributed into 5 genera of which belong to Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Paraburkholderia, Novosphingobium, and Ochrobactrum. HRP2, SSP2 and JRP22 were selected based on their plant growth-promoting traits for evaluation of Chinese fir growth enhancement. The growth parameters of Chinese fir seedlings after inoculation were significantly greater than those of the uninoculated control group. The results showed that PSBs HRP2, SSP2 and JRP22 increased plant height (up to 1.26 times), stem diameter (up to 40.69%) and the biomass of roots, stems and leaves (up to 21.28%, 29.09% and 20.78%) compared to the control. Total N (TN), total P (TP), total K (TK), Mg and Fe contents in leaf were positively affected by PSBs while showed a significant relationship with strain and dilution ratio. The content of TN, TP, TK, available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in the soil increased by 0.23–1.12 mg g−1, 0.14–0.26 mg g−1, 0.33–1.92 mg g−1, 5.31–20.56 mg kg−1, 15.37–54.68 mg kg−1, respectively. Treatment with both HRP2, SSP2 and JRP22 increased leaf and root biomass as well as their N, P, K uptake by affecting soil urease and acid phosphatase activities, and the content of available nutrients in soil. In conclusion, PSB could be used as biological agents instead of chemical fertilizers for agroforestry production to reduce environmental pollution and increase the yield of Chinese fir.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of application of phosphorus, single and dual inoculation of Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1008-1011
Author(s):  
Narinder Singh ◽  
Guriqbal Singh ◽  
Navneet Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Four Levels

This study investigates the economic returns of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) by the use of phosphorus and biofertilizers [Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)] in Indian Punjab. The field experiments were conducted during Rabi 2013-14 and 2014-15 with combinations of four levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 30 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) and two/four biofertilizer treatments [uninoculated control and Rhizobium (LLR 12) + PGPR (RB 2)] in 2013-14, and uninoculated control, Rhizobium, PGPR and Rhizobium + PGPR in 2014-15) by replicating thrice. The use of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided the highest gross returns whereas net returns and B:C were highest at 30 kg P2O5 ha-1. The combination of Rhizobium + PGPR + 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided the highest gross returns (Rs. 45902) whereas Rhizobium + PGPR+ 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided the highest net returns (Rs 20620). Furthermore, the integrated use of Rhizobium + PGPR + 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 provided higher net returns (Rs 20620) and B:C (1.88) as compared to sole application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 (Rs 18792 and 1.72). Thus, there was a net saving of 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 with the use of Rhizobium + PGPR inoculation without sacrificing the economics returns.

scholarly journals A review on weeds as source of novel plant growth promoting microbes for crop improvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 880-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sarathambal ◽  
K. Ilamurugu ◽  
L. Srimathi Priya ◽  
K. K. Barman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Chemical Inputs

In the context of increasing international concern for food security and environmental quality, the use of bioinoculants like diazotrophs and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for reducing chemical inputs in agriculture is a potentially important issue. The improvement in agricultural sustainability requires optimal use and management of soil fertility and soil physical properties, where both rely on soil biological processes and soil biodiversity. Biological nitrogen fixation by plant-associated bacteria is eco-friendly and has been effectively exploited for crop plants including legumes. Although associations of rhizobacteria with non-leguminous plants such as grasses have been known for decades, they have been poorly - studied. Weedy grass species normally thrive in adverse conditions and act as potential habitats for the diverse groups of elite bacteria with multiple beneficial characters remains unexplored. A more complete understanding of the diversity and functioning of rhizobacterial microorganisms, especially those that have symbiotic relationships with grass species is of great value for agricultural research and application.

Indigenous plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria and chemical fertilisers: impact on wheat (Triticum aestivum) productivity and soil properties in North Western Himalayan region

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Sood ◽  
Rajesh Kaushal ◽  
Anjali Chauhan ◽  
Shaweta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Available N ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Growth Promoting

High levels of crop productivity cannot be sustained by chemical fertiliser application alone. In order to mitigate this, a 2-year study was conducted to test the effects of combined application of indigenous plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and chemical fertilisers on productivity of wheat and soil properties. Ten morphologically distinct indigenous PGPR isolates from wheat roots and rhizosphere were evaluated at Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, during 2013–14. Three PGPR isolates (B2, SIR1 and BIS2) with maximum PGP traits were screened at different doses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) (80%, 60% and 40% of recommended fertiliser dose, RFD) under net-house conditions. Two isolates, B2 (Serratia sp.) and SIR1 (Bacillus subtilis), along with the optimum NP dose (i.e. 80% RFD) were selected for field experimentation, which was performed over two consecutive years, 2014–16. Combined application of 80% RDF of NP with PGPR (B2) significantly increased wheat yield by 9.4%, number of tillers per plant by 28.03%, grain number per spike by 19.61%, 1000-grain weight by 10.5%, and biomass by 9.2% relative to the uninoculated control with 100% RFD. Soil properties in the terms of available N, P and potassium, microbial biomass carbon, soil enzyme activities and population of phosphate-solubilising bacteria in the wheat crop were significantly increased by the combined application of bacterial inoculants with 80% RFD of NP in both years over the uninoculated control. Therefore, the results revealed the potential of indigenous PGPR isolates to supplement ~20% of NP fertilisers without hampering the soil fertility and productivity of wheat.

Characterization of Root-Endophytic Actinobacteria From Cactus (Opuntia Ficus-Indica) for Plant Growth Promoting Traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Govindasamy ◽  
Priya George ◽  
S V Ramesh ◽  
P Sureshkumar ◽  
Jagadish Rane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria

Abstract The present study is the first report of isolation and characterization of endophytic actinobacteria from cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica). A total of 179 morphologically distinct endophytic actinobacterial isolates were purified from the roots of two different genetic accessions of cactus. All these isolates were screened for their plant growth promotion traits namely growth on N-free medium, P-solubilization, siderophore production, ACC deaminase activity and IAA production. A majority of the endophytic actinobacterial isolates (85%) exhibited the potential for plant growth promotion under in vitro conditions. Ten among the isolates were selected based on their multi-PGP traits and were identified as Streptomyces sp. based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Plant growth promoting potential of these selected endophytic Streptomyces was studied in wheat seedlings. All these selected isolates significantly enhanced the growth parameters like seedling length and rootlets number compared to the uninoculated control. The wheat seeds inoculated with Streptomyces tuirus VL-70-IX exhibited maximum number of rootlets (6.33) compared to uninoculated control (3.67). The inoculation of endophytic actinobacteria Streptomyces pseudogriseolus VL-70-XII caused maximum seedling length (20.53 cm) and root length (8.26 cm) while the inoculation of S. radiopugnans HV-VIII resulted in highest shoot length (12.33 cm). These endophytic actinobacteria isolated from the roots of cactus accessions showed potential PGP traits. This work lays foundation for characterization and selection of endophytic actinobacteria from the under-exploited, drought tolerant species such as cactus with potential cross-compatibility for the improvement of plant growth of field crops especially under abiotic stress conditions..

scholarly journals Bacillus subtilis HG-15, a Halotolerant Rhizoplane Bacterium, Promotes Growth and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ji ◽  
Huimei Tian ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Liping Hao ◽  
Changdong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Background : Certain plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) reduce salt stress damage in plants. Bacillus subtilis HG-15 is a halotolerant bacterium (able to withstand NaCl concentrations as high as 30%) isolated from the wheat rhizoplane in the Yellow River delta. A qualitative and quantitative investigation of the plant growth-promoting characteristics of this strain confirmed nitrogen fixation, potassium dissolution, and ammonia, plant hormone, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, and proline production abilities. B. subtilis HG-15 colonization of wheat roots, stems, and leaves was examined via scanning electron microscopy , rep-PCR, and double antibiotic screening.Results : Compared with a no B. subtilis HG-15 treatment control, in rhizosphere soil inoculated with the HG-15 strain, the pH (1.08–2.69%), electrical conductivity (3.17–11.48%), and Na + (12.98–15.55%) concentrations significantly decreased ( p < 0.05). Inoculation with the HG-15 strain increased the total N, available N, organic matter, K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ concentrations in the rhizosphere soil of wheat. Under non-salt stress (0.15% NaCl), low-salt stress (0.25% NaCl), and high-salt stress (0.35% NaCl) conditions, respectively, this strain also significantly increased ( p < 0.05) the dry weight (17.76%, 24.46%, 9.31%), fresh weight (12.80%, 20.48%, 7.43%), plant height (7.79%, 5.86%, 13.13%), root length (10.28%, 17.87%, 48.95%), and other wheat parameters. Through redundancy analysis and Pearson correlation analyses, photosynthesis, biomass accumulation, and osmotic regulation by the wheat plants showed a significant negative correlation with pH, EC, and Na + concentrations in rhizosphere soil.Conclusions : Our results indicated that B . subtilis HG-15 can effectively improve the growth of wheat and elicit induced systemic tolerance in these plant, thus, showing its potential as a microbial inoculant that can protect wheat in salt stress conditions. Furthermore, we determined that the rhizoplane of saline-alkali land plants is an important reservoir for salt-tolerant PGPB.

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