scholarly journals Bilateral changes in cell density within the central auditory pathway upon chronic unilateral intra-cochlear stimulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basta D ◽  
Jansen S ◽  
Groschel M ◽  
Schwitzer S ◽  
Boyle P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Central Auditory Pathway

Structural Abnormalities of the Central Auditory Pathway in Infants with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank F. Yang ◽  
Bradley McPherson ◽  
Huang Shu ◽  
Na Xie ◽  
Kui Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Central Auditory Pathway ◽  
Mri Measurements

Objective To investigate possible structural abnormalities of the central auditory pathway in infants with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P). Participants Twenty-seven Chinese infants with NSCL/P, aged from 6 to 24 months. Intervention Morphological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the central auditory nervous system (CANS) in infants with NSCL/P were analyzed and compared with those of age- and sex-matched normal controls. Results No significant group differences were found in general brain measurements, including volumes of the brain stem and right hemisphere. However, infants with NSCL/P had statistically significantly smaller volumes of the left thalamus and left auditory cortex and notably decreased thickness of the left auditory cortex. Conclusion Cortical abnormalities were more marked compared with other MRI measurements. Structural CANS abnormalities in infants with NSCL/P may be located mainly in the left cerebral hemisphere. The development and maturation of the auditory cortex in infants with NSCL/P may be abnormal when compared with those of normal children.

Central hyperacusis with phonophobia in multiple sclerosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Weber ◽  
K Pfadenhauer ◽  
M Stöhr ◽  
A Rösler
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Directional Hearing ◽  
Hearing Disorders ◽  
Brainstem Lesion ◽  
Acoustic Stimuli ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Central Auditory Pathway

Hearing disorders are a well-described symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Unilateral or bilateral hyperacusis or deafness in patients with normal sound audiometry is often attributed to demyelinating lesions in the central auditory pathway. Less known in MS is a central phonophobia, whereby acoustic stimuli provoke unpleasant and painful paresthesia and lead to the corresponding avoidance behaviour. In our comparison collective, patient 1 described acute shooting pain attacks in his right cheek, each time set off by the ringing of the telephone. Patient 2 complained of intensified, unbearable noise sensations when hearing nonlanguage acoustic stimuli. Patient 3 noticed hearing unpleasant echoes and disorders of the directional hearing. All patients had a clinical brainstem syndrome. ENT inspection, sound audiometry and stapedius reflex were normal. All three patients had pathologically changed auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) with indications of a brainstem lesion, and in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demyelinating lesions in the ipsilateral pons and in the central auditory pathway. The origin we presume in case 1 is an abnormal impulse conduction from the leminiscus lateralis to the central trigeminus pathway and, in the other cases, a disturbance in the central sensory modulation. All patients developed in the further course a clinically definite MS. Having excluded peripheral causes for a hyperacusis, such as, e.g., an idiopathic facial nerve palsy or myasthenia gravis, one should always consider the possibility of MS in a case of central phonophobia. Therapeutic possibilities include the giving of serotonin reuptake inhibitors or acoustic lenses for clearly definable disturbing frequencies.

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