scholarly journals Two Cases of Seasonal Influenza Virus (H3N2) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Moo Hyun Kim ◽  
Bo Ra Yoon ◽  
Myung Jin Song ◽  
Ji Soo Choi ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Distress Syndrome

scholarly journals Baseline characteristics, management, and outcomes of 55,270 children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19 and 1,952,693 with influenza in France, Germany, Spain, South Korea and the United States: an international network cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Duarte-Salles ◽  
David Vizcaya ◽  
Andrea Pistillo ◽  
Paula Casajust ◽  
Anthony G. Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
List Type ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo characterize the demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, in-hospital treatments, and health outcomes among children/adolescents diagnosed or hospitalized with COVID-19. Secondly, to describe health outcomes amongst children/adolescents diagnosed with previous seasonal influenza.DesignInternational network cohort.SettingReal-world data from European primary care records (France/Germany/Spain), South Korean claims and US claims and hospital databases.ParticipantsDiagnosed and/or hospitalized children/adolescents with COVID-19 at age <18 between January and June 2020; diagnosed with influenza in 2017-2018.Main outcome measuresBaseline demographics and comorbidities, symptoms, 30-day in-hospital treatments and outcomes including hospitalization, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-system inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), and death.ResultsA total of 55,270 children/adolescents diagnosed and 3,693 hospitalized with COVID-19 and 1,952,693 diagnosed with influenza were studied.Comorbidities including neurodevelopmental disorders, heart disease, and cancer were all more common among those hospitalized vs diagnosed with COVID-19. The most common COVID-19 symptom was fever. Dyspnea, bronchiolitis, anosmia and gastrointestinal symptoms were more common in COVID-19 than influenza.In-hospital treatments for COVID-19 included repurposed medications (<10%), and adjunctive therapies: systemic corticosteroids (6.8% to 37.6%), famotidine (9.0% to 28.1%), and antithrombotics such as aspirin (2.0% to 21.4%), heparin (2.2% to 18.1%), and enoxaparin (2.8% to 14.8%).Hospitalization was observed in 0.3% to 1.3% of the COVID-19 diagnosed cohort, with undetectable (N<5 per database) 30-day fatality. Thirty-day outcomes including pneumonia, ARDS, and MIS-C were more frequent in COVID-19 than influenza.ConclusionsDespite negligible fatality, complications including pneumonia, ARDS and MIS-C were more frequent in children/adolescents with COVID-19 than with influenza. Dyspnea, anosmia and gastrointestinal symptoms could help differential diagnosis. A wide range of medications were used for the inpatient management of pediatric COVID-19.What is already known on this topic?Most of the early COVID-19 studies were targeted at adult patients, and data concerning children and adolescents are limited.Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are generally milder in the pediatric population compared with adults.Hospitalization for COVID-19 affects mostly infants, toddlers, and children with pre-existing comorbidities.What this study adds⍰This study comprehensively characterizes a large international cohort of pediatric COVID-19 patients, and almost 2 million with previous seasonal influenza across 5 countries.⍰Although uncommon, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-system inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) were more frequent in children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19 than in those with seasonal influenza.⍰Dyspnea, bronchiolitis, anosmia and gastrointestinal symptoms were more frequent in COVID-19, and could help to differentiate pediatric COVID-19 from influenza.⍰A plethora of medications were used during the management of COVID-19 in children and adolescents, with great heterogeneity in the use of antiviral therapies as well as of adjunctive therapies.

scholarly journals The Hemagglutinin Stem-Binding Monoclonal Antibody VIS410 Controls Influenza Virus-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2118-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Baranovich ◽  
Jeremy C. Jones ◽  
Marion Russier ◽  
Peter Vogel ◽  
Kristy J. Szretter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Lung Injury Score ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACTMost cases of severe influenza are associated with pulmonary complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and no antiviral drugs of proven value for treating such complications are currently available. The use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the stem of the influenza virus surface hemagglutinin (HA) is a rapidly developing strategy for the control of viruses of multiple HA subtypes. However, the mechanisms of action of these antibodies are not fully understood, and their ability to mitigate severe complications of influenza has been poorly studied. We evaluated the effect of treatment with VIS410, a human monoclonal antibody targeting the HA stem region, on the development of ARDS in BALB/c mice after infection with influenza A(H7N9) viruses. Prophylactic administration of VIS410 resulted in the complete protection of mice against lethal A(H7N9) virus challenge. A single therapeutic dose of VIS410 given 24 h after virus inoculation resulted in dose-dependent protection of up to 100% of mice inoculated with neuraminidase inhibitor-susceptible or -resistant A(H7N9) viruses. Compared to the outcomes in mock-treated controls, a single administration of VIS410 improved viral clearance from the lungs, reduced virus spread in lungs in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in a lower lung injury score, reduced the extent of the alteration in lung vascular permeability and protein accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and improved lung physiologic function. Thus, antibodies targeting the HA stem can reduce the severity of ARDS and show promise as agents for controlling pulmonary complications in influenza.

scholarly journals Short-term survival of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients due to influenza virus infection alone: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 00587-2020
Author(s):  
Arnaud Gacouin ◽  
Mathieu Lesouhaitier ◽  
Florian Reizine ◽  
Charlotte Pronier ◽  
Murielle Grégoire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundInfluenza virus (IV)-related pathophysiology suggests that the prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to IV could be different from the prognosis of ARDS due to other causes. However, the impact of IV infection alone on the prognosis of ARDS patients compared to that of patients with other causes of ARDS has been poorly assessed.MethodsWe compared the 28-day survival from the diagnosis of ARDS with an arterial oxygen tension/inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio ≤150 mmHg between patients with and without IV infection alone. Data were collected prospectively and analysed retrospectively. We first performed survival analysis on the whole population; second, patients with IV infection alone were compared with matched pairs using propensity score matching.ResultsThe cohort admitted from October 2009 to March 2020 consisted of 572 patients, including 73 patients (13%) with IV alone. On the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation, nonpulmonary Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were significantly lower in patients with IV infection than in the other patients. After the adjusted analysis, IV infection alone remained independently associated with lower mortality at day 28 (hazard ratio 0.51, 95% CI 0.26–0.99, p=0.047). Mortality at day 28 was significantly lower in patients with IV infection alone than in other patients when propensity score matching was used (20% versus 38%, p=0.02).ConclusionsOur results suggest that patients with ARDS following IV infection alone have a significantly better prognosis at day 28 and less severe nonpulmonary organ dysfunction than do those with ARDS from causes other than IV infection alone.

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