Advancing Integrated Tick Management to Mitigate Burden of Tick-Borne Diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalberto A. Pérez de León ◽  
Pete D. Teel ◽  
Andrew Li ◽  
Loganathan Ponnusamy ◽  
R. Michael Roe
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Tick Management

scholarly journals Vaccine Efficacy of Bm86 Ortholog ofH. a. anatolicum, rHaa86 Expressed in Prokaryotic Expression System

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Azhahianambi ◽  
D. D. Ray ◽  
Pallab Chaudhuri ◽  
Rohita Gupta ◽  
Srikanta Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Prokaryotic Expression ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Fusion Tag ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Prokaryotic Expression System ◽  
Integrated Tick Management ◽  
Tick Vaccine

The use of tick vaccine in controlling ticks and tick borne diseases has been proved effective in integrated tick management format. For the control ofH. a. anatolicum, Bm86 ortholog ofH. a. anatolicumwas cloned and expressed as fusion protein inE. coliasE. coli-pETHaa86. The molecular weight of the rHaa86 was 97 kDa with a 19 kDa fusion tag of thioredoxin protein. The expressed protein was characterized immunologically and vaccine efficacy was evaluated. After 120 hours of challenge, only 26% tick could successfully fed on immunized animals. Besides significant reduction in feeding percentages, a significant reduction of 49.6 mg;P<.01in the weight of fed females in comparison to the females fed on control animals was recorded. Following oviposition, a significant reduction of 68.1 mg;P<.05in the egg masses of ticks fed on immunized animals in comparison to the ticks fed on control animals was noted. The reduction of number of females, mean weight of eggs, adult females and efficacy of immunogen were 73.8%, 31.3%, 15.8%, and 82.3%, respectively. The results indicated the possibility of development of rHaa86 based vaccine as a component of integrated control of tick species.

scholarly journals Integrated Tick Management in Guilford, CT: Fipronil-Based Rodent-Targeted Bait Box Deployment Configuration and Peromyscus leucopus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) Abundance Drive Reduction in Tick Burdens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan A Linske ◽  
Scott C Williams ◽  
Kirby C Stafford ◽  
Andrew Y Li
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Integrated Tick Management ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Tick Burden

Abstract Integrated tick management (ITM) is a comprehensive strategy used to reduce presence of ticks and their associated pathogens. Such strategies typically employ a combination of host and non-host targeted treatments which often include fipronil-based, rodent-targeted bait boxes. Bait boxes target small-bodied rodents, specifically white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque) that not only play a crucial role in the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis Say (Ixodida: Ixodidae)) life cycle, but also in the transmission of numerous pathogens, primarily Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt & Brenner (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae), the causal agent of Lyme disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of bait box deployment configuration on tick burden reduction while also further exploring bait consumption and P. leucopus abundances as measures of bait box usage and effectiveness. Boxes were deployed on nine properties within each of six neighborhoods (n = 54) in two different configurations: grid and perimeter. Multiple factors were analyzed as potential predictors for reduction in tick burdens using a backward stepwise selection procedure. Results confirmed the perimeter configuration was a more effective deployment strategy. In addition, overall P. leucopus abundance was a significant predictor of tick burden reduction while bait consumption was not. These findings not only further support the recommended perimeter deployment configuration but provide insight into effective utilization in areas of high P. leucopus abundance. The identification of this significant relationship, in addition to configuration, can be utilized by vector control professionals and homeowners to make informed decisions on bait box placement to make sustained impacts on the I. scapularis vector and associated pathogens within an ITM framework.

scholarly journals Humane Use of Cardiac Puncture for Non-Terminal Phlebotomy of Wild-Caught and Released Peromyscus spp.

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Scott C. Williams ◽  
Megan A. Linske ◽  
Kirby C. Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Cardiac Puncture ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Integrated Tick Management ◽  
Intervention Efficacy ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Infection Monitoring

The cardiac puncture technique for obtaining relatively large volume (50–150 µL) blood samples from sedated rodents has been used in research for nearly a century. Historically, its use to phlebotomize and then release live rodents was more common. However, recently its use in a non-terminal capacity frequently imparts negative connotations in part because exsanguination of sedated animals via cardiac puncture is now an American Veterinary Medical Association-approved euthanasia technique. This association has resulted in ethical concerns by manuscript reviewers and in a few instances, outright refusal by some peer-reviewed journals to publish research that utilized the technique. To counter the perceived negative associations with its non-terminal use, we summarized nearly two decades (2001–2019) of capture and handling data throughout Connecticut, resulting in over 7000 cardiac punctures performed on nearly 5000 sedated, live-captured and released Peromyscus spp. We show that our total handling mortality rate (3.7%) was comparable, if not lower, than similar field studies that utilized other phlebotomy techniques. Many public health, integrated tick management, and vector-borne disease ecology studies require samples from individual wild-caught Peromyscus spp. over time to determine intervention efficacy and pathogen infection monitoring, and in such field studies, post-operative care is not an option. Proper execution of cardiac puncture does not increase susceptibility of individuals to predation upon release as can potential ocular abnormalities or infections that can occur as the result of use of other techniques. We posit that neither exsanguination nor resulting euthanasia are requirements of cardiac puncture and that its use is entirely appropriate for obtaining blood samples from live-captured and released Peromyscus spp. Properly performed cardiac puncture is an excellent technique to obtain blood samples from sedated, individual Peromyscus spp. on multiple appropriately-spaced occasions over single trapping seasons while keeping animal welfare a top priority.

Optimizing long-acting acaricide use for integrated tick management of Rhipicephalus australis-infesting cattle in New Caledonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hüe ◽  
Chloé Fontfreyde ◽  
Hsiao-Hsuan Wang ◽  
William E. Grant ◽  
Pete D. Teel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Integrated Tick Management ◽  
Long Acting

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Pathogens and Diseases in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Artemis Efstratiou ◽  
Gabriele Karanis ◽  
Panagiotis Karanis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
One Health ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Integrated Tick Management ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
The One

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are recognized as a serious and growing public health epidemic in Europe, and are a cause of major losses in livestock production worldwide. This review is an attempt to present a summary of results from studies conducted over the last century until the end of the year 2020 regarding ticks, tick-borne pathogens, and tick-borne diseases in Greece. We provide an overview of the tick species found in Greece, as well as the most important tick-borne pathogens (viruses, bacteria, protozoa) and corresponding diseases in circulation. We also consider prevalence data, as well as geographic and climatic conditions. Knowledge of past and current situations of TBDs, as well as an awareness of (risk) factors affecting future developments will help to find approaches to integrated tick management as part of the ‘One Health Concept’; it will assist in avoiding the possibility of hotspot disease emergencies and intra- and intercontinental transmission. Increased surveillance in Greece is required to ensure clear and effective policies for TBD control.

Integrated Tick Management in South Central Wisconsin: Impact of Invasive Vegetation Removal and Host-Targeted Acaricides on the Density of Questing Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) Nymphs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan T Mandli ◽  
Xia Lee ◽  
Gebbiena M Bron ◽  
Susan M Paskewitz
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
South Central ◽  
Integrated Tick Management ◽  
Tick Borne Disease

Abstract As tick-borne disease incidence increases and pathogens expand into new areas, the need for effective tick management strategies is paramount. In this 5-yr study (2014–2018) conducted in south central Wisconsin, we assessed whether an integrated tick management approach, deployed during peak tick activity (May–August), was more effective at reducing black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say (Ixodida: Ixodidae)), than individual interventions. Using a factorial design, invasive vegetation removal (Amur honeysuckle, Lonicera maackii Ruprecht (Dipsacales: Caprifoliaceae) and common buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica Linnaeus (Rosales: Rhamnaceae)) was coupled with deployments of permethrin-treated cotton nesting materials (tick tubes) that target the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque (Rodentia: Cricetidae)). Results show that the probability of encountering a larval tick by drag sampling was unaffected by treatments at the cumulative 5-yr level. However, vegetation removal significantly reduced larval encounters in 2014, 2015, and 2018, by 33%, 57%, and 61% respectively, and reduced the density of questing nymphal (DON) ticks by 45% in 2015 compared to controls. Despite the limited effect on DON, vegetation removal significantly reduced the cumulative 5-yr density of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto infected nymphs (DIN) (70%) compared to controls as a result of decreased nymphal infection prevalence. Sites treated with tick tubes had lower DIN (66%) and DON (54%) across the study and nymphs were reduced every year following the initial year of deployment compared to controls. Combining treatments did not further reduce DIN or DONs. We conclude that long-term integration of tick tubes with invasive vegetation removal does not provide additional benefit over individual treatments alone.

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