scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metal removal efficiencies by naturally fermented and a. niger fermented pineapple wastes from contaminated sewage sludge

2007 ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
Dominica del Mundo Dacera ◽  
Sandhya Babel
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Heavy metals in sewage sludge can pose a long term environmental risk due to their toxicity,non-biodegradability and consequent persistence, This study assessed the efficiencies ofvarious organic extractants such as naturally fermented and A�pergillus niger (A. niger)fermented raw liquid from pineapple wastes, in the chemical extraction process, to extract Cr,Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn, from anaerobically digested sewage sludge in Thailand. Pineapple wastesare a good source of sugar and protein and have been utilized experimentally in theproduction of citric acid by fennentation with the fungus A. niger. Comparison of theextraction efficiencies of these extractants with commercial citric acid was also investigated attwo hours leaching time and pH 3 and greater. Results of the study revealed that at pHapproaching 4, A. niger fermented liquid seemed to exhibit the best removal efficiency forpractically all metals studied, attaining as much as 72% removal for Zn, 70% for Ni, 50% forCr and 37% for Cu, although effectivity of removal seemed to be less apparent for Pb. Themost readily solubilized metal seemed to be Zn with the most removal of 92% attained bynaturally fermented raw liquid, The effectivity of removal by A. niger fem1ented liquid maybe due to the presence of citric acid and other carboxylic acids as confirmed by the HPLC andIR studies of the fem1ented liquid, Moreover, variation in metal removal efficiencies may beattributed to the fonns of metals in the sludge, as evidenced by chemical speciation studiesusing sequential chemical extraction procedure, with metals predominantly in theexchangeable and oxidizable phases showing ease of leachability,

Heavy metal removal from sewage sludge under citric acid and electroosmotic leaching processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 116822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Degang Ma ◽  
Meizhong Su ◽  
Jingjing Qian ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Fanyi Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal

scholarly journals The Impact of Combustion Technology of Sewage Sludge on Mobility of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge Ash/Wpływ Technologii Spalania Komunalnych Osadów Ściekowych Na Mobilność Metali Ciężkich Z Popiołów

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Latosińska ◽  
Jarosław Gawdzik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Sewage Sludge Ash ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Sludge Ash ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Sewage sludge ashes from grate furnace and fluidized bed furnace were used in this research. This research was carried out to investigate the impact of combustion technology on sewage sludge speciation of heavy metals from sewage sludge ash. This was achieved by conducting a sequential chemical extraction procedure Community Bureau Reference (BCR). This study indicated that heavy metals in sewage sludge ash were dominant in immobile fractions. Moreover, it was stated that the combustion technology of sewage sludge did not have a significant influence on the mobility of heavy metals in ashes

Study on the modes of occurrence of rare earth elements in coal fly ash by statistics and a sequential chemical extraction procedure

Fuel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhe Pan ◽  
Changchun Zhou ◽  
Mengcheng Tang ◽  
Shanshan Cao ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Modes Of Occurrence ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction

scholarly journals Influence of Monovalent Cations on the Efficiency of Ferrous Ion Oxidation, Total Iron Precipitation, and Adsorptive Removal of Cr(VI) and As(III) in Simulated Acid Mine Drainage with Inoculation of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwei Song ◽  
Heru Wang ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Yanxiao Cao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Monovalent Cations ◽  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Acid mine drainage is highly acidic and contains large quantities of Fe and heavy metal elements. Thus, it is important to promote the transformation of Fe into secondary iron minerals that exhibit strong heavy-metal removal abilities. Using simulated acid mine drainage, this work analyzes the influence of monovalent cations (K+, NH4+, and Na+) on the Fe2+ oxidation and total Fe deposition efficiencies, as well as the phases of secondary iron minerals in an Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans system. It also compares the Cr(VI) (K2Cr2O7) and As(III) (As2O3) removal efficiencies of different schwertmannites. The results indicated that high concentrations of monovalent cations (NH4+ ≥ 320 mmol/L, and Na+ ≥ 1600 mmol/L) inhibited the biological oxidation of Fe2+. Moreover, the mineralizing abilities of the three cations differed (K+ > NH4+ > Na+), with cumulative Fe deposition efficiencies of 58.7%, 28.1%, and 18.6%, respectively [n(M) = 53.3 mmol/L, cultivation time = 96 h]. Additionally, at initial Cr(VI) and As(III) concentrations of 10 and 1 mg/L, respectively, the Cr(VI) and As(III) removal efficiencies exhibited by schwertmannites acquired by the three mineralization systems differed [n(Na) = 53.3 > n(NH4) = 53.3 > n(K) = 0.8 mmol/L]. Overall, the analytical results suggested that the removal efficiency of toxic elements was mainly influenced by the apparent structure, particle size, and specific surface area of schwertmannite.

Long term heavy metal removal by a constructed wetland treating rainfall runoff from a motorway

2017 ◽  
Vol 601-602 ◽  
pp. 32-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence W. Gill ◽  
Pamela Ring ◽  
Brian Casey ◽  
Neil M.P. Higgins ◽  
Paul M. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Rainfall Runoff

scholarly journals The Effect of Crosslinker and Pore Generated on Selective Adsorbent (Cu2+) based on Grafting of Acrylic Acid onto Cassava Starch

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Judy R. B. Witono ◽  
Henrietta Henrietta ◽  
Y. I. P Arry Miryanti
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Metal Adsorption ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Release Process

The technology development in many industries nowadays, such as electronic industry produces heavy metal wastes which may pollute our environment. The use of adsorbent as a heavy metal removal from soil and water is one of the efficient process which can be considered to be used. In addition the release of the adsorbate becomes an important way as well because usually those heavy metals still have a high value. The objective of this research is to develop adsorbent based on cassava starch. So, the release process will become easier and will not produce another waste. The adsorbent was produced through the grafting of acrylic acid onto cassava starch by using Fenton initiator. To construct a stable 3-D network, the crosslinker (CL) N,N’- methylenebisacrylamide was added. The variable observed were the amount of CL added (0.5%; 1.5%; 2.5% and 3.5%) and the treatment of generating more pores on starch copolymer. The treatments on starch copolymer observed were single freezing, second freezing, and citric acid modification and carbonization methods. Analysis performed on the adsorbent was % add-on, water absorption and metal adsorption (especially Cu2+ ion) capacity. The result showed that the used of 2.5% CL produced the highest add-on (47.66 %), the highest water absorption capacity and the highest metal adsorption capacity (0.29g Cu2+/g adsorbent) The citric acid modification also produced the highest pores on the adsorbent.

Surface and Subsurface Decontamination Technology

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Tuck ◽  
Beth Wray ◽  
Mark Musgrave
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Substrate Complex ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
Safety Considerations ◽  
Waste Destruction

A number of proven technologies applicable to the chemical and physical decontamination of radioactive and non-radioactive contaminants within the environmental remediation and radiological waste management sectors exist. Previous work generally acknowledges that these methods have limitations such as production of large volumes of waste, destruction of the substrate, complex safety considerations [1a] and application of special precautions to meet disposal acceptance criteria [2]. A method that removes a variety of contaminants from the surface and subsurface of porous materials, with minimal contaminated waste arisings, is highly desirable. TechXtract® is a patented, sequential chemical extraction process developed to remove radionuclides, PCBs, and other hazardous organic and inorganic substances from solid materials such as concrete, brick, steel, and exotic metals [3]. The technology uses multifarious task-specific chemical formulations and engineered applications to achieve surface penetration and removal of the contaminants from the atomic voids of metals and other substrates, or the capillaries and gel pores of concretes. TechXtract® is proven to remove a variety of contaminants from various substrates, allowing free release of the substrate as waste for disposal, or re-use, whilst producing minimal secondary waste. Data from testing of TechXtract’s capabilities and evidencing the technology’s efficacy during site based applied research and development is presented here.

scholarly journals Application of Waste Lemon Extract to Toxic Metal Removal through Gravitational Soil Flushing and Composting Stabilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5751
Author(s):  
Pei-Wen Zhang ◽  
Ya-Zhen Huang ◽  
Chihhao Fan ◽  
Tsun-Kuo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Soil Flushing

The present study aims to investigate the treatment efficiency of soil flushing using waste lemon extract for samples collected from contaminated farmland, in which the copper concentration was measured as 2487 ± 139 mg/kg. The flushing solution, containing 9.9 g/L citric acid, was prepared from the waste lemon extraction process. The soil-flushing treatment using a solution containing commercial citric acids of 10 g/L was also conducted for comparison. Additionally, the collected soil was mixed with crushed waste lemons and the mixture was subjected to a composting process for subsequent stabilization study. After 120-min batch experiments, the desorbed copper concentration for waste lemon-extract experiment was 36.9 mg/L, which was higher than that (28.6 mg/L) for commercial citric solution experiment. The reduction in soil copper concentration (1504 mg/kg) treated by waste lemon-extract flushing was more than that treated by commercial citric solution (1256 mg/kg) at the comparable citric acid concentration. More metals were removed by waste lemon-extract flushing. This is because the waste lemon-extract solution contains additional co-dissolved organic substances with a longer flushing time, which allows more exchange reactions between adsorbed metals and flushing solution. For the treatment with waste lemon extract, the soil pH values were 4.56, 5.70 and 6.29 before, after flushing and after compost treatment, respectively. The observed variation in soil pH also showed that waste lemon extract might be a better flushing agent, while flushing with commercial citric solution decreased the pH in the soil environment. The plant copper availability dropped from 677 mg/kg to 156 mg/kg after waste lemon-extract flushing and stabilization with composted waste lemon. Therefore, the use of waste lemon extract for soil flushing not only removed toxic metals from the soil but also prevented the occurrence of soil acidification, an often-observed phenomenon using an acidic solution in conventional soil flushing. After soil flushing, the application of composted waste lemon could stabilize the toxic metals and increase the pH to a range suitable for plant growth.

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