scholarly journals Constructed wetland systems in the UK - the CWA database resource

2007 ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Peter Randerson ◽  
Paul Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
New Members ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Pollutant Reduction ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Design Construction

There are now believed to be more than 1,200 Constructed Wetland systems (CWs) in theUK. The Constructed Wetland Association (CWA) was formed in 1999 by a group ofexperienced, reputable designers and constructors to bring together best UK practice. CWA isnow responsible for a database of design and performance relating to a range of systems (bedtypes and applications), which now contains information from more than 1,000 beds. CWAmembers are encouraged to contribute data to the database, which has been updated 9 timessince it was first created in 1999. Most of these sites treat sewage/domestic wastewater but thedatabase also includes examples of systems for the treatment of minewater, sludge, landfillleachate, industrial effluents, surface runoff and road runoff. Particular treatment applicationsare illustrated by Case Studies, summary articles describing design, construction andperformance, For beds with data on influent and effluent concentrations and flow rates, theuser can fit four alternative models, to derive reaction rate constants (K), enabling somedegree of quantitative comparison of the pollutant reduction performance for different systemdesigns. Access to the database is the main benefit of CWA membership: new members fromoutside UK are welcome (www.constructedwetland.org).

The Constructed Wetland Association UK database of constructed wetland systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Design Construction

There are now more than 1,000 constructed wetland systems (CWs) in the UK. The first UK CW database was constructed by Water Research Centre (WRc) and Severn Trent Water Ltd to accompany a book on the design and performance of these systems. In that database, constructed by Gareth Job et al. (1996), only 154 beds were listed, most of which were tertiary sewage treatment sites in Severn Trent Water. The Constructed Wetland Association (CWA) was formed in 2000 as a UK water industry body in response to problems caused by unscrupulous constructors. A group of experienced, reputable designers and constructors formed the CWA to bring together best UK practice in order to counteract this problem. The group contains major water companies, designers, constructors, academics, plant growers and operators. They decided that one of the best ways of countering the problem was to assemble a database of design and performance from well-designed systems. After negotiation the CWA group took over responsibility for the database from WRc. The CWA has produced eight updates of the database which now contains information from more than 900 beds. It contains examples of the different variants of CWs in use in the UK. Most of these sites treat sewage/domestic wastewater but the database also includes examples of systems for the treatment of minewater, sludge, landfill leachate, industrial effluents, surface runoff and road runoff. Particular treatment applications are illustrated by case studies which are summary articles describing design, construction and performance.

Constructed wetlands in UK urban surface drainage systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Shutes ◽  
J.B. Ellis ◽  
D.M. Revitt ◽  
L.N.L. Scholes
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk

This paper presents the outcome of an inventory of planted wetland systems in the UK which are classified according to land use type and are all examples of sustainable drainage systems. The introduction of constructed wetlands to treat surface runoff essentially followed a 1997 Environment Agency for England and Wales report advocating the use of “soft engineered” facilities including wetlands in the context of sustainable development and Agenda 21. Subsequently published reports by the UK Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA) have promoted the potential benefits to both developer and the community of adopting constructed wetlands and other vegetated systems as a sustainable drainage approach. In addition, the UK Environment Agency and Highways Agency (HA) have recently published their own design criteria and requirements for vegetative control and treatment of road runoff. A case study of the design and performance of a constructed wetland system for the treatment of road runoff is discussed. The performance of these systems will be assessed in terms of their design criteria, runoff loadings as well as vegetation and structure maintenance procedures. The differing design approaches in guidance documents published in the UK by the Environment Agency, CIRIA and HA will also be evaluated.

Analysis of organic removal rates in the aerated submerged fixed film process

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Hamoda ◽  
Ibrahim A. Al-Ghusain
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
And Performance

Performance data from a pilot-plant employing the four-stage aerated submerged fixed film (ASFF) process treating domestic wastewater were analyzed to examine the organic removal rates. The process has shown high BOD removal efficiencies (> 90%) over a wide range of hydraulic loading rates (0.04 to 0.68 m3/m2·d). It could also cope with high hydraulic and organic loadings with minimal loss in efficiency due to the large amount of immobilized biomass attained. The organic (BOD and COD) removal rate was influenced by the hydraulic loadings applied, but organic removal rates of up to 104 kg BOD/ m2·d were obtained at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.68 m3/m2·d. A Semi-empirical model for the bio-oxidation of organics in the ASFF process has been formulated and rate constants were calculated based on statistical analysis of pilot-plant data. The relationships obtained are very useful for analyzing the design and performance of the ASFF process and a variety of attached growth processes.

Microbial Biofilms and Biotechnology – Some Perceptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subba Rao Toleti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccines ◽  
Design Construction

: The review is an attempt to introduce the readers in brief about biofilms and their implications as well as some new perceptions in biotechnology. Biofilms are adherent microbial communities, which are developed on submerged surfaces in aquatic environments. Biofilms play a significant role in exopolymer production, material deterioration and also cause harmful infections. Further, the role of corrosion causing biofilm bacteria in deterioration of different materials, microbial biofilms and their enzymatic processes in reducing the toxicity of pollutants in industrial effluents are elaborated, along with clean technologies for wastewater treatment. Biotechnology is defined as any technological application that uses biological systems to synthesize or modify products or processes. The applications include biochemical processes, medical care, cell and tissue culture as well as synthetic biology and others. Synthetic biology details about the design, construction of new biological components and systems for useful purposes. Finally, to overcome the limitations that are inherent to the use of cellular host’s, cell-free systems as critical platforms for synthetic biology applications. This mini-review also mentions about new diagnostic products based on enzymes, monoclonal antibodies and engineered proteins as well as novel prophylactic vaccines.

scholarly journals Treatment of Combined Dairy and Domestic Wastewater with Constructed Wetland System in Sicily (Italy). Pollutant Removal Efficiency and Effect of Vegetation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Mario Licata ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Nicolò Iacuzzi ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Davide Farruggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Giant Reed

Dairy wastewater (DWW) contains large amounts of mineral and organic compounds, which can accumulate in soil and water causing serious environmental pollution. A constructed wetland (CW) is a sustainable technology for the treatment of DWW in small-medium sized farms. This paper reports a two-year study on the performance of a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow system for DWW treatment in Sicily (Italy). The CW system covered a total surface area of 100 m2 and treated approximately 6 m3 per day of wastewater produced by a small dairy farm, subsequent to biological treatment. Removal efficiency (RE) of the system was calculated. The biomass production of two emergent macrophytes was determined and the effect of plant growth on organic pollutant RE was recorded. All DWW parameters showed significant differences between inlet and outlet. For BOD5 and COD, RE values were 76.00% and 62.00%, respectively. RE for total nitrogen (50.70%) was lower than that of organic compounds. RE levels of microbiological parameters were found to be higher than 80.00%. Giant reed produced greater biomass than umbrella sedge. A seasonal variation in RE of organic pollutants was recorded due to plant growth rate Our findings highlight the efficient use of a CW system for DWW treatment in dairy-cattle farms.

scholarly journals First-of-a-kind muography for nuclear waste characterization

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 (2137) ◽  
pp. 20180048 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mahon ◽  
Anthony Clarkson ◽  
Simon Gardner ◽  
David Ireland ◽  
Ramsey Jebali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Laboratory Facility ◽  
Waste Container ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

In the last decade, there has been a surge in the number of academic research groups and commercial companies exploiting naturally occurring cosmic-ray muons for imaging purposes in a range of industrial and geological applications. Since 2009, researchers at the University of Glasgow and the UK National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) have pioneered this technique for the characterization of shielded nuclear waste containers with significant investment from the UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and Sellafield Ltd. Lynkeos Technology Ltd. was formed in 2016 to commercialize the Muon Imaging System (MIS) technology that resulted from this industry-funded academic research. The design, construction and performance of the Lynkeos MIS is presented along with first experimental and commercial results. The high-resolution images include the identification of small fragments of uranium within a surrogate 500-litre intermediate level waste container and metal inclusions within thermally treated GeoMelt® R&D Product Samples. The latter of these are from Lynkeos' first commercial contract with the UK National Nuclear Laboratory. The Lynkeos MIS will be deployed at the NNL Central Laboratory facility on the Sellafield site in Summer 2018 where it will embark upon a series of industry trials. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Cosmic-ray muography’.

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