Moral order among members of a friendship group of preschool boys

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Kemp ◽  
Amy Kyratzis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Pretend Play ◽  
Good Friend ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Video Ethnography ◽  
Friendship Group ◽  
Aggressive Action ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Preschool Boys

The making of assessment descriptions can be key processes in children's negotiations of the social and moral orders of their peer groups. This paper examines how a friendship group of preschool boys followed through a year-long video-ethnography construct their local social and moral order, through use of a particular interactional resource, membership categorizations. A collection of clips of the boys' use of membership categorizations was created and analysed. Overall, the boys frequently described their own (or pretend play characters') behaviours as 'fixing' and 'helping', and reacted positively to these descriptions, by agreeing to do the actions, carrying out the actions and including group members so described in play. Likewise, if one of the peers' behaviours was described as 'destroying', 'smashing' or a similarly aggressive action, the boys oriented to these named qualities as negative, through changing the play topic, moving away or sanctioning the person so described. We argue that the ways in which the boys use and respond to the referenced activities and index them as 'positively' or 'negatively' bound to the relationship category of being a good friend or peer group member determine what counts to the participants themselves as acceptable moral behaviour.

Using directives to construct egalitarian or hierarchical social organization: Turkish middle-class preschool girls’ socialization about gender, affect, and context in peer group conversations

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 473-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Kyratzis ◽  
Şeyda Deniz Tarım
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Pretend Play ◽  
Free Play ◽  
African American Girls ◽  
Friendship Group ◽  
Group Members

Prior research by M. H. Goodwin (1990) found that preadolescent African-American girls socialized one another towards ‘egalitarian’ forms of social organization in task activities, but preferred forms that differentiated group members in other contexts. The present study examines how a friendship group of middle-class Turkish girls followed ethnographically (through videorecording of spontaneous free play conversations in their preschool classroom) socialized one another about gender and affect through directive usage and sanctioning in peer group conversations. The directive use of three group members who participated in different play contexts was examined. Group members explicitly sanctioned one another not to differentiate themselves, and used egalitarian forms of directives (tag questions, joint directives) when engaged in task activities or pretend play with one another. The same girls, however, used imperatives when they enacted the role of mothers, or played with boys. Results suggest that in peer group conversations among young Turkish preschool-aged girls, group members socialize one another that girls should speak in ways that enact egalitarian forms of social organization when with other girls, but they make local, strategic uses of these norms, competently enacting alternative, hierarchical forms of social organization in other contexts.

A Dance of Group Members' Lifestyles: Supervision of an Adlerian Peer Group Using Early Recollections

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-419
Author(s):  
Shira Ruth Harpaz ◽  
Noa Sarig ◽  
Orit Ophir Eldar ◽  
Gadi Peiser ◽  
Audrey Leiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Early Recollections ◽  
Group Members

scholarly journals Perbedaan perubahan berat badan, aktivitas fisik, dan kontrol glukosa darah antara anggota organisasi penyandang diabetes melitus dan non anggota

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Dewi Marfu’ah Kurniawati ◽  
M. Isnawati
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Group Members

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that can not be cured, but the blood glucose levels can be controlled with diabetes management. There is organization in Indonesia for people with diabetes mellitus called Persadia (Persatuan Diabetes Indonesia). Patients who join diabetes peer group is expected to have a better lifestyle. Objective: To determine differences in weight changes, physical activity, and blood glucose control between Persadia members and non members.Method: Cross sectional study, with 42 subjects. The subjects were type 2 DM outpatients in Pantiwilasa Citarum Hospital, choosen by consecutive sampling and devided into 2 groups, Persadia members and non members. Weight changes was the difference of current weight with weight  from 3 months ago. Physical activity was exercise habits and measured by questionnaire. Blood glucose control was glucose concentrations and measured by HbA1C examination. Statistical analysis used was Chi Square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and Fisher.Result: Persadia group members had more frequent physical activity (52.4%) than non-member groups (9.6%). Based on statistical analysis there is a difference of physical activity between Persadia group members and non members (p = 0,042). While on weight change (p = 0,537) and blood glucose control (p = 0,663) there was no difference between Persadia member and non member.Conclusion: There is a difference between Persadia members and non-members on physical activity. However, there was no difference in weight change and blood glucose control between Persadia and non-member members.

Serious games

Pragmatics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada M. García-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Pretend Play ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Sociocultural Environment ◽  
Linguistic Practices ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Group Play

This paper examines the situated ways in which Moroccan immigrant children in Spain create imagined, alternative life worlds and explore possible forms of identification through an investigation of these children’s hybrid linguistic practices in the midst of play. Drawing on Bakhtin’s (1981, 1986) notions of heteroglossia and hybridity, the analysis focuses on the meanings of codeswitching practices that a group of Moroccan immigrant girls deploy in pretend-play sequences involving dolls to construct female identities; identities that they treat as desirable in the context of Spanish idealizations of femininity, but that are considered transgressional by adults in Moroccan diaspora communities in Spain. Neighborhood peer group play affords Moroccan immigrant girls’ transformations and engagement in subversive tactics, in that these activities take place outside the scrutiny of parents and other adults. The rich verbal and sociocultural environment of Moroccan immigrant children’s peer groups provide us with an excellent window to investigate peer language socialization processes in relation to how immigrant children negotiate, transform, and subvert in the midst of play the different, and often incongruous, socio-cultural and linguistic expectations and constraints that they encounter on a daily basis. Use of Moroccan Arabic and Spanish in this pretend play, in particular, results in a heteroglossic polyphony of voices imbued with moral tensions (Bahktin 1981, 1986). This analysis highlights the importance of these hybrid linguistic practices in immigrant girls’ explorations of alternative processes of gendered identification in multilingual, culturally-syncretic environments. Through surreptitious pretend-play, Moroccan immigrant girls explore imagined transgressional possible identities and moral worlds. In this sense, this research also underscores the implications of children’s language use and language choice in pretend-play for larger processes of cultural continuity and transformation in transnational, diasporic communities undergoing rapid change.

Assessing Musical Performance

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
High Measure

The arts pose some particular problems in the field of assessment. In the study reported here, we examined some of the problems performance presents to assessors especially in the context of the GCSE examination, and with reference to the model for assessment given in the APU Report on Aesthetic Development.A small-scale experiment was devised with the aim of investigating the reliability and different perceptions of judges of musical performances. As well as assessment by professional musicians, we investigated self assessment and assessment by peer-group members. There was a generally high measure of agreement between judges, both in terms of their individual comments and the rank order they each devised. This suggests that there were some objective criteria at work in their assessments. Self-assessments proved very realistic, although those of the peer-group were slightly less so.

Students' View of School Drug Use

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall I. Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Authority Figures ◽  
Group Members

The purpose of this investigation was to determine students' perception of their drug use activity and desired treatment. The data were collected through the use of perceived peer group members. More reliable data are made available to perceived student peers than to perceived adults or authority figures who administer formal questionnaires to students. Our findings indicate the existence of a positive relationship between student poly-drug use and socioeconomic status.

The Role of Peer Groups in Male and Female Adolescents' Task Values and Physical Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Yli-Piipari ◽  
Timo Jaakkola ◽  
Jarmo Liukkonen ◽  
Noona Kiuru ◽  
Anthony Watt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
Task Values ◽  
Group Members ◽  
One Year

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine the role of peer groups and sex in adolescents' task values and physical activity. The participants were 330 Finnish Grade 6 students (173 girls, 157 boys), who responded to questionnaires that assessed physical education task values during the spring semester (Time 1). Students' physical activity was assessed one year later (Time 2). The results indicated that adolescent peer groups were moderately homogeneous in terms of task values toward physical education and physical activity. Girls' peer groups were more homogeneous than those of boys in regards to utility and attainment values. Furthermore, the results for both girls and boys showed that particularly intrinsic task value typical for the peer group predicted group members' physical activity. The findings highlight the important role of peer group membership as a determinant of future physical activity.

Social networks and aggressive behaviour in Chinese children

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyuan Xu ◽  
Jo Ann M. Farver ◽  
David Schwartz ◽  
Lei Chang
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Peer Preference ◽  
Aggressive Children

This exploratory study investigated Mainland Chinese children’s social networks and peer group affiliations with a particular emphasis on their aggressive behaviour. The participants were 294 elementary school students in Tianjin, P. R. China (mean age 11.5 years; 161 boys). Social network analysis identified relatively large and gender-specific peer groups. Although different measures were used, the pattern of homophily characteristic of Western aggressive children was partially supported. This finding may be due to the large size of the peer groups. The results showed that some aggressive children formed friendships with nonaggressive children. Moreover, for the aggressive children who were group members, the number of within-group friendships moderated the relation between aggression and overall peer preference. In addition, despite the moderating effect of within-group friendship, the relation between aggression and peer preference remained significantly negative even at the highest levels of friendship. Aggressive children who were isolated from all peer groups had higher hyperactivity ratings and were less liked by peers than were aggressive children who were group members. These findings illustrate how culture may be an influence on patterns of peer group affiliation.

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