Local- and Repository-Scale Hydrodynamic Modeling for Geoscientific Characterization of a Candidate ILW/HLW Repository Site in Northern Switzerland

2003 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Kuhlmann ◽  
Paul Marschall
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Parameter Uncertainties ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Northern Switzerland ◽  
Groundwater Movement ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Engineered Barriers ◽  
Closure Conditions ◽  
Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste

Hydrodynamic modelling on the site- and repository scale was aimed at testing the performance of both, geological and engineered barriers as part of the Swiss program for disposal of high- and intermediate-level radioactive waste. Conceptual and parameter uncertainties were addressed by sensitivity studies to explore the robustness of the overall disposal concept. Consistency was demonstrated between modelling results and hydrogeological and geochemical evidence from the Benken borehole, increasing confidence in the comprehension of the key hydrogeological features of the candidate repository site. Assessment of a wide spectrum of repository closure conditions highlighted the function of the waste confinement concept. Visualisation and animation of the modelling results has proven to be of great help in communicating the level of comprehension of groundwater movement in the vicinity of a potential repository in the Zürcher Weinland.

scholarly journals In Vitro Characterization of the Antibacterial Spectrum of Novel Bacterial Type II Topoisomerase Inhibitors of the Aminobenzimidazole Class

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1228-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagraj Mani ◽  
Christian H. Gross ◽  
Jonathan D. Parsons ◽  
Brian Hanzelka ◽  
Ute Müh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Dna Gyrase ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Low Frequencies

ABSTRACT Antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action are becoming increasingly important in the battle against bacterial resistance to all currently used classes of antibiotics. Bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (topoIV) are the familiar targets of fluoroquinolone and coumarin antibiotics. Here we present the characterization of two members of a new class of synthetic bacterial topoII ATPase inhibitors: VRT-125853 and VRT-752586. These aminobenzimidazole compounds were potent inhibitors of both DNA gyrase and topoIV and had excellent antibacterial activities against a wide spectrum of problematic pathogens responsible for both nosocomial and community-acquired infections, including staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, and mycobacteria. Consistent with the novelty of their structures and mechanisms of action, antibacterial potency was unaffected by commonly encountered resistance phenotypes, including fluoroquinolone resistance. In time-kill assays, VRT-125853 and VRT-752586 were bactericidal against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Haemophilus influenzae, causing 3-log reductions in viable cells within 24 h. Finally, similar to the fluoroquinolones, relatively low frequencies of spontaneous resistance to VRT-125853 and VRT-752586 were found, a property consistent with their in vitro dual-targeting activities.

scholarly journals SiLiF Neutron Counters to Monitor Nuclear Materials in the MICADO Project

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2630
Author(s):  
Luigi Cosentino ◽  
Quentin Ducasse ◽  
Martina Giuffrida ◽  
Sergio Lo Meo ◽  
Fabio Longhitano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Neutron Detectors ◽  
Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Interim Storage ◽  
Waste Drums

In the framework of the MICADO (Measurement and Instrumentation for Cleaning And Decommissioning Operations) European Union (EU) project, aimed at the full digitization of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste management, a set of 32 solid state thermal neutron detectors named SiLiF has been built and characterized. MICADO encompasses a complete active and passive characterization of the radwaste drums with neutrons and gamma rays, followed by a longer-term monitoring phase. The SiLiF detectors are suitable for the monitoring of nuclear materials and can be used around radioactive waste drums possibly containing small quantities of actinides, as well as around spent fuel casks in interim storage or during transportation. Suitable polyethylene moderators can be exploited to better shape the detector response to the expected neutron spectrum, according to Monte Carlo simulations that were performed. These detectors were extensively tested with an AmBe neutron source, and the results show a quite uniform and reproducible behavior.

scholarly journals Toward wide-spectrum antivirals against coronaviruses: Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 NSP13 helicase inhibitors

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo R. Perez-Lemus ◽  
Cintia A. Menéndez ◽  
Walter Alvarado ◽  
Fabian Byléhn ◽  
Juan J. de Pablo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Wide Spectrum

scholarly journals Development of Materials for Naval, Fluvial and Military Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Fabio A. Suarez- Bustamante ◽  
Orlando D. Barrios-Revollo ◽  
Anderson Valencia ◽  
Juan P. Hernandez-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Advanced Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Temperature Transformation ◽  
And Storage

A platform to design composite materials of a polymeric matrix, that are specifically for military applications on fluvial and naval navigation, has been developed using energy dissipation and storage mechanisms. Our composites are designed to generate synergy between the dissipation capacities of ceramics and high-performance fibers, which are used as the reinforced material in the lightweight laminates. The composite design is combined with processing tools and advanced characterization techniques that result in laminates with reliability, traceability and quality. The platform begins with the identification of energy dissipation mechanisms and the detailed characterization of the polymeric resin. It includes the Time – Temperature – Transformation Diagram (TTT- Diagram) that supplies the optimal processing conditions. Our designs open new paths for military applications including a wide spectrum of protective systems together with geometric versatility, high mechanical resistance and reliability

Radiographic Characterization of Enlarged Sternal Lymph Nodes in 71 Dogs and 13 Cats

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Smith ◽  
Robert O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Average Size

In this retrospective study, radiographically enlarged sternal lymph nodes (LNs) were evaluated in 71 dogs and 13 cats for average size, location, and most representative radiographic view. Concurrent clinical diagnoses were also noted and grouped into one of three following categories: neoplastic, inflammatory, or hematologic. There were no statistically significant differences in LN size between lateral views within each species. Enlarged sternal LNs were more cranially positioned in dogs than cats. No statistical difference was noted between right and left laterals, as to on which projection the enlarged sterna lymph nodes was seen best. Neoplastic disease (78.9%) was the most prevalent condition seen in association with LN enlargement in dogs, followed by primary infectious or inflammatory diseases (14.1%) and various hematologic conditions (7.0%). In cats, neoplasia was also most common (69.2%), followed by inflammatory diseases (30.8%). No hematologic conditions were noted in cats. The most common etiologic agent seen concurrently with enlarged sternal LNs in both dogs (33.8%) and cats (38.5%) was malignant lymphoma. The results of this study provide a clinically useful representation of the average size and location of radiographically enlarged sternal LNs for dogs and cats. The diseases represented demonstrate the wide spectrum of potential causes of sternal lymphadenopathy.

scholarly journals Measurements on pointing error and field of view of Cimel-318 Sun photometers in the scope of AERONET-Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3013-3057
Author(s):  
B. Torres ◽  
C. Toledano ◽  
A. Berjón ◽  
D. Fuertes ◽  
V. Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Method ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Pointing Error ◽  
Vicarious Calibration ◽  
Movement Correction ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
First Results ◽  
Sensitivity Studies

Abstract. Sensitivity studies indicate that among the different error sources of ground-based sky radiometer observations, the pointing error has an important role in the correct retrieving of aerosol properties, being specially critical for the characterization of desert dust aerosol. The present work analyzes the first results of two new measurements, cross and matrix, specifically designed for an evaluation of the pointing error in the standard instrument of the Aerosol Robotic Network, the Cimel CE-318 sun-photometer. The first part of the analysis contains a preliminary study whose results conclude on the need of a sun movement correction for the correct evaluation of the pointing error from both new measurements. Once this correction is applied, both measurements show an equivalent behavior with differences under 0.01° in the evaluation of the pointing error. The second part of the analysis includes the incorporation of the cross scenario in the AERONET routine measurement protocol in order to monitor the pointing error in field instruments. Using the data collected for more than a year, the pointing error is evaluated on 7 sun-photometers belonging to AERONET-Europe. The pointing error values registered are generally smaller than 0.01° though in some instruments values up to 0.03° have been observed. Moreover, the pointing error evaluation has shown that this measure can be used to detect mechanical problems in the robots or dirtiness in the quadrant detector due to the stable behavior of the values against time and solar zenith angle. At the same time, the matrix scenario can be used to derive the value of the field of view. The methodology implemented and the characterization of five sun-photometers is presented in the last part of the study. To validate the method, a comparison with field of view values obtained from the vicarious calibration method was developed. The differences between both techniques are under 3%.

Characterization of two new high-grade B-cell lymphoma cell lines with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements that are suitable for in vitro drug sensitivity studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1052
Author(s):  
Marie-Sophie Dheur ◽  
Hélène A. Poirel ◽  
Geneviève Ameye ◽  
Gaëlle Tilman ◽  
Pascale Saussoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoma Cell ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Sensitivity Studies

scholarly journals Changes in Phenolics and Fatty Acids Composition and Related Gene Expression during the Development from Seed to Leaves of Three Cultivated Cardoon Genotypes

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1096
Author(s):  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
Teresa Docimo ◽  
Monica De Palma ◽  
Francesca Sparvoli ◽  
Luana Izzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis) has long been used as a food and medicine remedy and nowadays is considered a functional food. Its leaf bioactive compounds are mostly represented by chlorogenic acids and coumaroyl derivatives, known for their nutritional value and bioactivity. Having antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties, these molecules are used for medicinal purposes. Apart from the phenolic compounds in green tissues, cultivated cardoon is also used for the seed oil, having a composition suitable for the human diet, but also valuable as feedstock for the production of biofuel and biodegradable bioplastics. Given the wide spectrum of valuable cardoon molecules and their numerous industrial applications, a detailed characterization of different organs and tissues for their metabolic profiles as well as an extensive transcriptional analysis of associated key biosynthetic genes were performed to provide a deeper insight into metabolites biosynthesis and accumulation sites. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the phenylpropanoids profile through UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis, of fatty acids content through GC-MS analysis, along with quantitative transcriptional analyses by qRT-PCR of hydroxycinnamoyl-quinate transferase (HQT), stearic acid desaturase (SAD), and fatty acid desaturase (FAD) genes in seeds, hypocotyls, cotyledons and leaves of the cardoon genotypes “Spagnolo”, “Bianco Avorio”, and “Gigante”. Both oil yield and total phenols accumulation in all the tissues and organs indicated higher production in “Bianco Avorio” and “Spagnolo” than in “Gigante”. Antioxidant activity evaluation by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays mirrored total phenols content. Overall, this study provides a detailed analysis of tissue composition of cardoon, enabling to elucidate value-added product accumulation and distribution during plant development and hence contributing to better address and optimize the sustainable use of this natural resource. Besides, our metabolic and transcriptional screening could be useful to guide the selection of superior genotypes.

scholarly journals Measurements on pointing error and field of view of Cimel-318 Sun photometers in the scope of AERONET

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2207-2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Torres ◽  
C. Toledano ◽  
A. Berjón ◽  
D. Fuertes ◽  
V. Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Method ◽  
Pointing Error ◽  
Vicarious Calibration ◽  
Movement Correction ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Faults ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Error Estimations

Abstract. Sensitivity studies indicate that among the diverse error sources of ground-based sky radiometer observations, the pointing error plays an important role in the correct retrieval of aerosol properties. The accurate pointing is specially critical for the characterization of desert dust aerosol. The present work relies on the analysis of two new measurement procedures (cross and matrix) specifically designed for the evaluation of the pointing error in the standard instrument of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), the Cimel CE-318 Sun photometer. The first part of the analysis contains a preliminary study whose results conclude on the need of a Sun movement correction for an accurate evaluation of the pointing error from both new measurements. Once this correction is applied, both measurements show equivalent results with differences under 0.01° in the pointing error estimations. The second part of the analysis includes the incorporation of the cross procedure in the AERONET routine measurement protocol in order to monitor the pointing error in field instruments. The pointing error was evaluated using the data collected for more than a year, in 7 Sun photometers belonging to AERONET sites. The registered pointing error values were generally smaller than 0.1°, though in some instruments values up to 0.3° have been observed. Moreover, the pointing error analysis shows that this measurement can be useful to detect mechanical problems in the robots or dirtiness in the 4-quadrant detector used to track the Sun. Specifically, these mechanical faults can be detected due to the stable behavior of the values over time and vs. the solar zenith angle. Finally, the matrix procedure can be used to derive the value of the solid view angle of the instruments. The methodology has been implemented and applied for the characterization of 5 Sun photometers. To validate the method, a comparison with solid angles obtained from the vicarious calibration method was developed. The differences between both techniques are below 3%.

MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for Aeroacoustic Analysis of the Turbulent Boundary Layer

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Krause ◽  
Robert D. White ◽  
Mark J. Moeller ◽  
Judith M. Gallman ◽  
Richard De Jong
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Lumped Element ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Fluid Damping ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Gain Stage ◽  
Acoustic Sensitivity

The design, fabrication, and characterization of a surface micromachined, front-vented, 64 channel (8×8), capacitively sensed pressure sensor array is described. The array was fabricated using the MEMSCAP PolyMUMPs® process, a three layer polysilicon surface micromachining process. An acoustic lumped element circuit model was used to design the system. The results of our computations for the design, including mechanical components, environmental loading, fluid damping, and other acoustic elements are detailed. Theory predicts single element sensitivity of 1 mV/Pa at the gain stage output in the 400–40,000 Hz band. A laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system has been used to map the spatial motion of the elements in response to electrostatic excitation. A strong resonance appears at 480 kHz for electrostatic excitation, in good agreement with mathematical models. Static stiffness measured electrostatically using an interferometer is 0.1 nm/V2, similar to the expected stiffness. Preliminary acoustic sensitivity studies show single element acoustic sensitivity (as a function of frequency) increasing from 0.01 mV/Pa at 200 Hz to 0.16 mV/Pa at 2 kHz. A more in depth analysis of acoustic sensitivity is ongoing.

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