Formation of Textile Structures for Giant-Area Applications

2002 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelfattah M. Seyam
Keyword(s):  
Cad Systems ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
New Development ◽  
Textile Machine ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Formation Systems ◽  
Jacquard Weaving

ABSTRACTRecently, textile machine manufacturers introduced to the market significant technological advances. Examples of such advances are higher speeds, higher level of automation, new concept of jacquard weaving that enables control of individual warp threads, CAD systems, and wider machines than seen before. This paper reviews the new development of formation systems of textile structures with emphasis on technologies that enables the production of giant-area fabrics. The review includes broad range of technologies (weaving, knitting, needlepunching, hydroentanglement, meltblowing, etc.). Additionally, the paper sheds the light on the potential of the textile technologies to manufacture electrotextile fabric structures.

scholarly journals Method of Predicting the Crimp of Jacquard-Woven Fabrics

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5157
Author(s):  
Eglė Kumpikaitė ◽  
Eglė Lapelytė ◽  
Stasė Petraitienė
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Weaving Loom ◽  
Structural Solutions ◽  
Setting Parameters ◽  
Jacquard Weaving

The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of crimp in new jacquard fabric structures (in which one-layer and two-layer weaves are combined) in the fabric width and to create a method of crimp prediction. It was established that crimp was around 18.80% and changed within the limits of errors, i.e., a range of only ~4%, in the fabric width. It can therefore be said that the warp crimp was constant in the fabric width. Because the warp crimp of jacquard fabric changed insignificantly (within the limits of errors), it can be stated that the fabric-setting parameters and structural solutions were chosen and matched correctly, and such fabric can be woven on any jacquard weaving loom.

scholarly journals Pigment mixing effect realized with pre-dyed opaque yarns for Jacquard textile design development

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Ri Kim ◽  
Frankie Ng ◽  
Jiu Zhou ◽  
Jinlian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Mixing Effect ◽  
Textile Design ◽  
New Development ◽  
Color System ◽  
Color Data ◽  
Color Mixing ◽  
Pictorial Image ◽  
Jacquard Weaving

In modern Jacquard weaving, the application of yarn color variety is limited to electronic Jacquard machinery and realizing a wide scope of weave colors can be challenging. Therefore, when reproducing a pictorial image with a small yarn variety, artwork colors are defined by a CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) system and its primary color data are used to associate with weave structures. In alignment with a CMYK pattern layout, shaded weave structures are incorporated to expand the accessible gamut of weave colors and natural shading is realized by different cover factors in the warp and weft. The mixing effect of CMYK yarns is intended for resolving the technical limitations of current digital Jacquard weaving. In this study, quantitative research is designed to examine four yarn mixing effects for which pairs of CMYK yarns are superimposed (e.g., [C]+[M], [C]+[Y], [M]+[Y], [C]+[K], [M]+[K], [Y]+[K]) and 90 different weave colors are produced in six groups. Once they are formatted in a standardized size, weave samples are measured by a spectrophotometer and analyzed by three coordinates ( L*, a*, and b*) of a CIELAB color system. As shown by the analysis results, the weave colors bear not only varied brightness, hue, and chroma alternations, but also a great similarity to the pigment mixing effect. In application of the color mixing effect, a new way of woven color presentation is achieved and introduced as a new development of Jacquard design.

scholarly journals INDOOR PHOTOGRAMMETRY USING UAVS WITH PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: ISSUES AND PRECISION TESTS

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
G. Caroti ◽  
A. Piemonte ◽  
I. Martínez-Espejo Zaragoza ◽  
G. Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Video Streams ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Status ◽  
Protective Structures ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
Indoor Spaces

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Management of disaster scenarios requires applying emergency procedures ensuring maximum safety and protection for field operators. Actual conditions of disaster sites are labelled as “Triple-D: Dull, Dusty, Dangerous” areas. It is well known that in this kind of areas and situations remote surveying systems are at their very best effective, and among these UAVs currently are an effective and performing field tool. Indoor spaces are a particularly complex scenario for this kind of surveys. In this case, technological advances currently offer micro-UAV systems, featuring 360° protective cages, which are able to collect video streams while flying in very tight spaces. Such cases require manual control of the vehicle, with the operator piloting the aircraft without prior knowledge of the status quo of the survey object and therefore without prior planning of flight paths. A possible benefit in terms of knowledge of the survey object could lay in the creation of a 3D model based on images extracted by video streams; to date, widely tested methods and techniques are available for processing UAV-borne video streams to obtain such models. Anyway, the protective cage and the need to use, in these operating conditions, wide-angle lenses presents some issues linked to ever-changing image framing, due to the presence of the cage wires on the field of view. The present work focused on this issue. Using this type of UAVs, video streams have been collected in different environments, both indoors and outdoors, testing several procedures for photogrammetric processing in order to assess the ability to create 3D models. These have been tested for reliability based on data collection conditions, also assessing the level of automation and speed attainable in post-processing. The present paper describes the different tests carried out and the related results.</p>

Technological advances are improving mining efficiency

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Remote Sites ◽  
Fabric Structures

Subject Mining companies rediscover innovation. Significance The prolonged slump in commodity markets has forced mining companies to focus on cost control. Firms responded first by cutting sustainable capital and refocusing production on high-grade areas. Now the industry is turning to lower-quality, shorter-life deposits, requiring innovation and the embrace of radical technological breakthroughs to extract additional profit margin. Impacts Fleets of autonomous mining trucks will change the design of ramps in open-pit mines, improving economic optimisation and safety. Certain bulk commodities are becoming amenable to more environmentally friendly and nimble forms of containerised transport. Durable fabric structures for storage, maintenance and employee accommodation will replace brick-and-mortar structures at remote sites. The advent of optical ore sorting and other forms of pre-concentration will reduce unnecessary processing of waste material.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY COMPLEX SOLUTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
A.A. Cherepashkov ◽  
◽  
P.A. Samoylov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Complex Solutions ◽  
Leading Enterprises ◽  
Design And Production

The article discusses the problems of introducing CAD systems integrated into complex automated production systems (PLM solutions). One of the reasons for the failures and low efficiency of projects for the implementation of complex automated systems is the lack of criteria for assessing their effectiveness, necessary for the organization of development management. A system of formalized indicators is proposed that allows for analysis and multicriteria optimization of the processes of creating integrated CAD systems. Four groups of indicators have been identified and defined: Functional indicators, presented in the form of tags, reflecting certain achievements in expanding the functionality of the system, increasing the completeness of system procedures, improving the quality of workflows and processed information; Financial and economic indicators, taking into account the customer's requirements for the costs and timing of the project; Socio-economic criteria demonstrating improvements in the conditions for the activities of the personnel of the automated system; Indicators of the complexity of the solution associated with the level of automation of both design and production stages. The results of a study of projects of complex automation of the leading enterprises of the aircraft and automotive industry of the Samara region are presented. The introduction of a software and methodological complex made it possible to increase the level of automation of dispatching processes and operational planning of production, interconnected with the design and technological design. Due to this, the volume of work in progress has been significantly reduced and equipment changeovers have been minimized. In general, it can be stated that the introduction of a multi-criteria monitoring methodology at the design and production stages of the life cycle of mechanical engineering products can increase the efficiency of the development and implementation of complex automated systems.

High-resolution measurement of birefringent fine structure in living cells using a new polarized light microscope

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Rudolf Oldenbourg
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Birefringent Crystal ◽  
Technological Advances

The recent renaissance of the light microsope is fueled in part by technological advances in components on the periphery of the microscope, such as the laser as illumination source, electronic image recording (video), computer assisted image analysis and the biochemistry of fluorescent dyes for labeling specimens. After great progress in these peripheral parts, it seems timely to examine the optics itself and ask how progress in the periphery facilitates the use of new optical components and of new optical designs inside the microscope. Some results of this fruitful reflection are presented in this symposium.We have considered the polarized light microscope, and developed a design that replaces the traditional compensator, typically a birefringent crystal plate, with a precision universal compensator made of two liquid crystal variable retarders. A video camera and digital image processing system provide fast measurements of specimen anisotropy (retardance magnitude and azimuth) at ALL POINTS of the image forming the field of view. The images document fine structural and molecular organization within a thin optical section of the specimen.

“Getting High Resolution Out of A High Voltage Microscope”

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 822-825
Author(s):  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Theoretical Limit ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Lower Voltage

The initial attractions of the high voltage electron microscope (HVEM) stemmed mainly from the possibility of considerable increases in electron penetration through thick specimens compared with conventional 100KV microscopes, although the potential improvement in resolution associated with the decrease in election wavelength had been fully appreciated for many years (eg. Cosslett, 1946)1, even if not realizable in practice. Subsequent technological advances enabled the performance of lower voltage machines to be brought closer to the theoretical limit, to be followed in turn by more recent projects which have been successful, eventually, in achieving even higher resolution with dedicated higher voltage instruments such as those at Kyoto (500KV)2, Munich (400KV)3, Ibaraki (1250KV)4 and Cambridge (600KV)5. It does not necessarily follow however that the performance of journal high voltage microscopes can be easily upgraded, retrospectively, to the same level, as will be discussed in detail below.

Family Support in Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Patti Martin ◽  
Nannette Nicholson ◽  
Charia Hall
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Learning Collaborative ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Program Components

Family support has evolved from a buzzword of the 1990s to a concept founded in theory, mandated by federal law, valued across disciplines, and espoused by both parents and professionals. This emphasis on family-centered practices for families of young children with disabilities, coupled with federal policy initiatives and technological advances, served as the impetus for the development of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs (Nicholson & Martin, in press). White, Forsman, Eichwald, and Muñoz (2010) provide an excellent review of the evolution of EHDI systems, which include family support as one of their 9 components. The National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management (NCHAM), the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, and the Center for Disease Control Centers cosponsored the first National EHDI Conference. This conference brought stakeholders including parents, practitioners, and researchers from diverse backgrounds together to form a learning collaborative (Forsman, 2002). Attendees represented a variety of state, national, and/or federal agencies and organizations. This forum focused effort on the development of EHDI programs infused with translating research into practices and policy. When NCHAM, recognizing the critical role of family support in the improvement of outcomes for both children and families, created a think tank to investigate the concept of a conference centered on support for families of children who are deaf or hard of hearing in 2005, the “Investing in Family Support” (IFSC) conference was born. This conference was specifically designed to facilitate and enhance EHDI efforts within the family support arena. From this venue, a model of family support was conceptualized and has served as the cornerstone of the IFSC annual conference since 2006. Designed to be a functional framework, the IFSC model delineates where and how families find support. In this article, we will promote and encourage continued efforts towards defining operational measures and program components to ultimately quantify success as it relates to improved outcomes for these children and their families. The authors view this opportunity to revisit the theoretical underpinnings of family support, the emerging research in this area, and the basics of the IFSC Model of Family Support as a call to action. We challenge professionals who work with children identified as deaf or hard of hearing to move family support from conceptualization to practices that are grounded in evidence and ever mindful of the unique and dynamic nature of individual families.

FM Verification for the 21 st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leisha Eiten ◽  
Dawna Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

Background: For children with hearing loss, the benefits of FM systems in overcoming deleterious effects of noise, distance, and reverberation have led to recommendations for use beyond classroom settings. It is important that audiologists who recommend and fit these devices understand the rationale and procedures underlying fitting and verification. Objectives: This article reviews previousguidelines for FM verification, addresses technological advances, and introduces verification procedures appropriate for current FM and hearing-aid technology. Methods: Previous guidelines for verification of FM systems are reviewed. Those recommendations that are appropriate for current technology are addressed, as are procedures that are no longer adequate for hearing aids and FM systems utilizing more complex processing than in the past. Technological advances are discussed, and an updated approach to FM verification is proposed. Conclusions: Approaches to verification andfitting of FM systems must keep pace with advances in hearing-aid and FM technology. The transparency approach addressed in this paper is recommended for verification of FM systems coupled to hearing aids.

Client Safety and Telepractice in a Clinic or Home Setting

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Lyn Tindall
Keyword(s):  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Professional Issues ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
And Gender

Telepractice is an exciting addition to the arsenal of speech-language pathologists for delivering services. Efficacy data continues to emerge proving the benefit of using available technology to provide assessment and treatment for persons with a variety of communication disorders, ages, and gender. In addition to providing assessment and treatment using telepractice technology, several professional issues have arisen which must be addressed before implementation of this service delivery system. Licensure and reimbursement have been at the forefront, as well they should. However, client safety is another issue that should also be addressed. Providing speech pathology services in a safe environment is a concept which may not have been considered before technological advances made it possible to provide services to someone while not being physically present.

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