High Performance Zr-based Metal Hydride Alloys For Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries

1999 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Young ◽  
S. R. OVSHINSKY ◽  
B. HUANG ◽  
B S. CHAO ◽  
Y. LI
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Local Environments

ABSTRACTBased upon Ovonic's multi-element, atomic engineering approach, two families of alloys are being used in commercial Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) rechargeable batteries, i.e. the mischmetal (Mm) based AB5 and Zr based AB2 alloys. While Mm based alloys are faster to activate, are limited by a discharge capacity of only 320–340 mAh/g. The Zr based alloy, although slightly slower to activate, provides a much higher discharge capacity. In this paper, we first discuss the use of Ovonic's multi-element approach to generate a spectrum of disordered local environments. We then present experimental data to illustrate that through these atomically engineered local environments, we are able to control the hydrogen site occupancy, discharge capacity, kinetics, and surface states. The Zr based alloy with a specific discharge capacity of 465 mAh/g and excellent rate capability has been demonstrated.

Hydrogenation and Discharge Capacity of a La0.7Mg0.3Al0.3Mn0.4Co0.5Ni3.8 Alloy for Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Julio César Serafim Casini ◽  
Lia Maria Carlotti Zarpelon ◽  
Eliner Affonso Ferreira ◽  
Hidetoshi Takiishi ◽  
Rubens Nunes de Faria Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Negative Electrodes ◽  
The Mean

The preparation of negative electrodes for nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries using a La0.7Mg0.3Al0.3Mn0.4Co0.5Ni3.8 alloy in the as-cast state has been carried out. The alloy was mechanically crushed (<44 m) and a battery was manufactured with this material. The mean discharge capacity achieved using this method was 384 mAh/g. Another two batteries were prepared using a hydrogen powdered La0.7Mg0.3Al0.3Mn0.4Co0.5Ni3.8 alloy at low and high pressures (2-10 bar). It has been shown that hydrogen powdering facilitates the activation of the negative electrode for Ni-MH batteries. This study also included the characterization of the hydrogenated and crushed powders. These materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

scholarly journals Perspectives on Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes Suitable for Rechargeable Batteries: Electrolytic vs. Chemical Synthesis Routes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baladev Ash ◽  
Venkata Swamy Nalajala ◽  
Ashok Kumar Popuri ◽  
Tondepu Subbaiah ◽  
Manickam Minakshi
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Hydroxide ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Electrochemical Preparation ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Transportation Applications

A significant amount of work on electrochemical energy storage focuses mainly on current lithium-ion systems with the key markets being portable and transportation applications. There is a great demand for storing higher capacity (mAh/g) and energy density (Wh/kg) of the electrode material for electronic and vehicle applications. However, for stationary applications, where weight is not as critical, nickel-metal hydride (Mi-MH) technologies can be considered with tolerance to deep discharge conditions. Nickel hydroxide has gained importance as it is used as the positive electrode in nickel-metal hydride and other rechargeable batteries such as Ni-Fe and Ni-Cd systems. Nickel hydroxide is manufactured industrially by chemical methods under controlled conditions. However, the electrochemical route is relatively better than the chemical counterpart. In the electrochemical route, a well-regulated OH− is generated at the cathode forming nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) through controlling and optimizing the current density. It produces nickel hydroxide of better purity with an appropriate particle size, well-oriented morphology, structure, et cetera, and this approach is found to be environmentally friendly. The structures of the nickel hydroxide and its production technologies are presented. The mechanisms of product formation in both chemical and electrochemical preparation of nickel hydroxide have been presented along with the feasibility of producing pure nickel hydroxide in this review. An advanced Ni(OH)2-polymer embedded electrode has been reported in the literature but may not be suitable for scalable electrochemical methods. To the best of our knowledge, no such insights on the Ni(OH)2 synthesis route for battery applications has been presented in the literature.

Recovery of metal values from spent nickel–metal hydride rechargeable batteries

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingwei Zhang ◽  
Toshiro Yokoyama ◽  
Osamu Itabashi ◽  
Yoshito Wakui ◽  
Toshishige M. Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride
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