Micro-Tensile and Fatigue Testing of Copper Thin Films on Substrates

1998 ◽  
Vol 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hommel ◽  
O. Kraft ◽  
S. P. Baker ◽  
E. Arzt
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Copper Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tensile Tester ◽  
Elastic Strains ◽  
External Strain

AbstractA special micro-tensile tester was used to carry out tensile tests of thin copper films on substrates. The elastic strain in the film was measured in-situ using x-ray diffraction and the total strain with an external strain gage. From the elastic strains the stresses in the films were calculated and stress-strain curves were obtained. It was observed that the flow stress increases with decreasing film thickness. The method was also applied to investigate the mechanical behavior of films under cyclic loading.

Plastic Deformation in Thin Copper Films Determined by X-Ray Micro-Tensile Tests

1996 ◽  
Vol 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kretschmann ◽  
W.-M. Kuschke ◽  
S. P. Baker ◽  
E. Arzt
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Copper Films ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tensile Tester ◽  
Tension Tests ◽  
Nickel Substrates

AbstractPlastic deformation in thin copper films has been studied at room temperature. Copper films having a thickness of 1 μm were made by sputtering onto nickel substrates with a Si3N4 underlayer and with or without a Si3N4 caplayer. Deformation experiments were conducted using a special micro-tensile tester built into a θ–θ diffractometer. The problems normally associated with tension tests of free-standing films were avoided by deforming the substrate and film together. In-situ x-ray measurements of the lattice spacings and lattice spacing distributions were used to determine both elastic and plastic strains. The effects of caplayer and annealing temperature on mechanical properties are reported.

In Situ X-ray Diffraction and Spectro-Microscopic Study of ALD Protected Copper Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (29) ◽  
pp. 33377-33385
Author(s):  
Gül Dogan ◽  
Umut T. Sanli ◽  
Kersten Hahn ◽  
Lutz Müller ◽  
Herbert Gruhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Copper Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Characterization of the Superelasticity and the Martensitic Transformation from Ti-Nb-(O,N) Biomedical Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 1244-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Gloriant ◽  
Philippe Castany ◽  
Andry Ramarolahy ◽  
Pascal Laheute ◽  
Frédéric Prima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening

In this paper, results concerning newly developed Ti-Nb based superelastic alloys containing interstitial O or N element are presented. These elements were added because of their strong influence on the alpha” martensitic transformation and also because of their solid-solution strengthening effect. Microstructures and mechanical behavior of the alloys were investigated by different methods and compared with a binary Ti-Nb alloy taken as reference. On the other hand, in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analyses during tensile tests have been specifically performed to characterize precisely the stress-induced martensitic transformation in such alloys.

scholarly journals Lattice Strain Evolutions in Ni-W Alloys during a Tensile Test Combined with Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4027
Author(s):  
Tarik Sadat ◽  
Damien Faurie ◽  
Dominique Thiaudière ◽  
Cristian Mocuta ◽  
David Tingaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Lattice Strain ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

Ni and Ni(W) solid solution of bulk Ni and Ni-W alloys (Ni-10W, Ni-30W, and Ni-50W) (wt%) were mechanically compared through the evolution of their {111} X-ray diffraction peaks during in situ tensile tests on the DiffAbs beamline at the Synchrotron SOLEIL. A significant difference in terms of strain heterogeneities and lattice strain evolution occurred as the plastic activity increased. Such differences are attributed to the number of brittle W clusters and the hardening due to the solid solution compared to the single-phase bulk Ni sample.

In-Situ Study of Dynamic Structural Rearrangements During Stress Relaxation

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Westwood ◽  
C. E. Murray ◽  
I. C. Noyan
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Applied Strain ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Elastic Strains

Abstract We have conducted in-situ, real-time x-ray diffraction experiments to probe the dynamic structural changes occurring in copper during loading and then on relaxation. The 331 KαI, KαII peaks were used to monitor the development of elastic strains during loading, and their response during relaxation. The peak width was studied to better understand the structural changes that occur during loading, and more importantly on relaxation, since it is these structural rearrangements that reduce the overall strain in the system and allow the stress to relax. The results revealed that the structure is highly mobile immediately following the start of stress relaxation. The mobility decreases with time, scales with the magnitude of the applied strain and is highly dependent upon the applied strain rate. In addition, it was apparent that the KαI and KαII peaks do not respond in the same way to the elastic strains and that they also show different structural rearrangements. This suggests an in homogeneous distribution of displacements within the sample.

scholarly journals Stress Analysis by Kossel Microdiffraction on a Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy during an In Situ Tensile Test – Comparison with Classical X-Ray Diffraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bouscaud ◽  
Raphaël Pesci ◽  
Sophie Berveiller ◽  
Etienne Patoor
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Elastic Strain Tensor

A Kossel microdiffraction experimental set up is under development inside a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in order to determine the crystallographic orientation as well as the inter- and intragranular strains and stresses. An area of about one cubic micrometer can be analysed using the microscope probe, which enables to study different kinds of elements such as a grain boundary, a crack, a microelectronic component, etc. The diffraction pattern is recorded by a high resolution Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera. The crystallographic orientation, the lattice parameters and the elastic strain tensor of the probed area are deduced from the pattern indexation using a homemade software. The purpose of this paper is to report some results achieved up to now to estimate the reliability of the Kossel microdiffraction technique.

scholarly journals Study of Elastic Behavior of Metallic Thin Films by 2D Synchrotron XRD and in situ Tensile Testing

2007 ◽  
Vol 1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geandier Guillaume ◽  
Renault Pierre-Olivier ◽  
Goudeau Philippe ◽  
Eric Le Bourhis ◽  
Girault Baptiste
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Metallic Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synchrotron Source ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Geometry

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanical behaviour of nano-structured thin films in relation to their structure, in particular to the grain size, is of high importance for the development of technological applications. Model nanometric multilayer W/Au systems exhibiting different structures are elaborated. These films are supported by a (thin) polyimide substrate. Films mechanical response is characterized experimentally by tensile tests carried out in-situ in a X-ray diffractometer installed on a synchrotron source. X-ray diffraction in transmission geometry has been used to study the deformations of both phases as a function of applied load. This geometry has been developed in the aim of optimizing the experiment time.

scholarly journals Study of Mechanical Behaviour of Polycrystalline Materials at the Mesoscale Using High Energy X-Ray Diffraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Baczmański ◽  
Elżbieta Gadalińska ◽  
Sebastian Wroński ◽  
Chedly Braham ◽  
Wilfrid Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polycrystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Elastoplastic Model ◽  
Synchrotron Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Owing to its selectivity, diffraction is a powerful tool for analysing the mechanical behaviour of polycrystalline materials at the mesoscale, i.e. phase and grain scale. In situ synchrotron diffraction (transmission mode) during tensile tests and modified self-consistent elastoplastic model were used to study elastic and plastic phenomena occurring in polycrystalline specimens during deformation. The evolution of stress for grains which belong to different phases of duplex stainless steel and pearlitic steel was analyzed.

Multi length scale characterization of austenite in TRIP steels using high-energy X-ray diffraction

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Blondé ◽  
E. Jimenez-Melero ◽  
L. Zhao ◽  
J.P. Wright ◽  
E. Brück ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trip Steels ◽  
Stable Austenite ◽  
Scale Characterization ◽  
The Stability

The martensitic transformation behavior of the meta-stable austenite phase in low alloyed TRIP steels has been studied in situ using high-energy X-ray diffraction during deformation. The stability of austenite has been studied at different length scales during tensile tests and at variable temperatures down to 153 K. A powder diffraction analysis has been performed to correlate the macroscopic behavior of the material to the observed changes in the volume fraction of the phases. Our results show that at lower temperatures the deformation induced austenite transformation is significantly enhanced and extends over a wider deformation range, resulting in a higher elongation at fracture. To monitor the austenite behavior at the level of an individual grain a high-resolution far-field detector was used. Sub-grains have been observed in austenite prior to transformation.

The Influence of Clay-Like Sepiolite on the Structure and Properties of Polyurethaneurea/Sepiolite Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhen Lu ◽  
De Lian Yi ◽  
Hong Xiang Chen ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Jin Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hard Segment ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Propylene

A series of polyurethaneurea (PUU) nanocomposites based on clay-like sepiolite (Sp) with the modification of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) were prepared via in situ polymerization from poly(propylene glycol), tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'- diamino-diphenylmethane(MOCA). Morphology and structure of nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that KH550-Sp was dispersed homogeneously in the PUU matrix, which facilitated the formation of chemical bonds between KH550-Sp and the hard segment of PUU. The thermostability and mechanical properties were studied by the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and tensile tests. The results showed that the onset decomposition temperature and tensile strength of nanocomposites was higher than those of pure PUU.

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