Accelerated Corrosion of Stainless Steels in the Presence of Molten Carbonate below 923 K

1997 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichiro Ota ◽  
Katsuya Toda ◽  
Naobumi Motohira ◽  
Nobuyuki Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion

ABSTRACTThe high temperature corrosion of stainless steels (SUS316L and SUS310S) in the presence of molten carbonate [(Li0.62K0.8)2CO3 and (Li0.52Na0.48)2CO3] has been studied in a CO2-O2 atmosphere by measuring the weight gain of the specimens.The corrosion of SUS316L significantly depended on the reaction conditions. With the carbonate coating (both Li/Na and Li/K carbonates), severe corrosion occurred during the initial period of the corrosion test below 923 K, especially around 823 K. The initial severe corrosion was a local corrosion which produced through holes in the metal specimens and occurred more clearly at low Pco2 with the Li/Na coating than with the Li/K coating. The corrosion became more severe at higher CO2 pressures and lower O2 pressures. In a pure CO2 atmosphere (without O2), the corrosion rate significantly increased at 823 K. The steel was corroded uniformly at that time.

High-Temperature Corrosion of Ni3Al+ 2.9%Cr Alloy in Ar-0.2%SO2 Gas

2018 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 441-447
Author(s):  
Dong Bok Lee ◽  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
Gyu Chul Cho ◽  
Soon Young Park ◽  
Poonam Yadav
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Kirkendall Effect ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Scale Spallation ◽  
Corrosion Tests ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Corrosion Kinetics ◽  
Period 2

The high-temperature corrosion behavior of Ni3Al+2.9 wt% Cr alloy was studied in SO2-containing environment. Corrosion tests were carried out at 900, 1000, and 1100 °C for 100 h in atmospheric Ar-0.2% SO2 gas. The alloy corroded relatively slowly due mainly to formation of Al2O3 in the scale. Its corrosion kinetics deviated from the parabolic corrosion rate law to a certain extent owing to ensuing scale spallation. This was attributed to (1) stress generated during scaling and the subsequent cooling period, (2) voids that formed due to the Kirkendall effect, and (3) incorporation of sulfur in the scale. The scale that formed after corrosion at 900 °C consisted of the outer NiO scale, middle NiAl2O4 scale, and inner Al2O3 scale. The increased corrosion rate at 1000 and 1100 °C led to formation of the outer NiO scale, and inner Al2O3 scale.

INVESTIGATION ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF INCONEL 600 UNDER SO2-BEARING GAS AT 650°C

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950155
Author(s):  
KWANG-HU JUNG ◽  
SEONG-JONG KIM
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxide Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inconel 600 ◽  
Scanning Electron

The corrosion characteristics of Inconel 600 were investigated at 650∘C in air and 76%[Formula: see text]%[Formula: see text]%[Formula: see text]%SO2 gas environment up to 500[Formula: see text]h. Specimens exposed to each condition were characterized by weight gain, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The oxide structure consisting of the thin Cr2O3 layer and Cr2O3 nodules was observed, which increased the weight gain of specimens. In the SO2-bearing gas, it showed a bigger weight gain due to the coarsening of Cr2O3 nodules. Therefore, it was suggested that the sulfur-accelerated coarsening of Cr2O3 nodules at the high temperature.

scholarly journals The influence of NaCl and CaCl 2 induced high temperature corrosion on the aqueous corrosion resistance of stainless steels

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1071-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Mori ◽  
Karl J. Vidic ◽  
Edith Bucher ◽  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Daniel Hornauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Aqueous Corrosion ◽  
Aqueous Corrosion Resistance

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium, and Chlorine on the High Temperature Corrosion of In-100, U-700, IN-792, and MAR M-509

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-307
Author(s):  
C. E. Lowell ◽  
S. M. Sidik ◽  
D. L. Deadmore
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Metal Consumption ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

The effects of potential impurities, such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Cl, in coal-derived liquid fuels on accelerated corrosion of IN-100, U-700, IN-792, and Mar M-509 were investigated using a Mach 0.3 burner rig for times to 200 hr in 1 hr cycles. These impurities were injected in combination as aqueous solutions into the combustor. Other variables were time, temperature, and fuel-to-air ratio. The experimental matrix was a central composite fractional factorial design divided into blocks to allow modification of the design as data was gathered. The extent of corrosion was determined by metal consumption, τ.

High-Temperature Oxidation of Stainless Steels

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Colson ◽  
J.P. Larpin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Scale Growth ◽  
Temperature Oxidation

The first stainless steels, mainly low carbon chromium-iron alloys, have been known since the beginning of this century. These steels show good resistance against wet corrosion and high-temperature corrosion. This article focuses on high-temperature corrosion, with emphasis on gaseous sulfidizing and oxidizing environments. The discussion is limited to these two gases since corrosion involving halogen-and/or carbon-containing gases involves other specific processes. The behavior of binary and ternary alloys will be successively examined, then the role of minor elements will be considered.Fundamental Mechanisms of High-Temperature Corrosion of Stainless SteelUsually, a dry corrosion process results in the formation of corrosion products, giving a simple or complex oxide or sulfide scale on a metallic substrate, separating it from the aggressive gaseous environment and, consequently, acting as a protective barrier. Scale growth is controlled by the conductivity of the reaction products which are solid electrolytes. Generally, the mechanism of scale growth is governed by outward cation or inward anion diffusion processes. This is the basis of the model originally put forward by Wagner for a single metal and subsequently developed for alloys, and particularly, for stainless steels. This one-way point-defect diffusion process is responsible for the observed parabolic scaling kinetics characterized by a parabolic rate constant kp. This model is well described in the literature.In the case of stainless steels, formation of a protective scale is required; this is possible if the oxide or sulfide products have a low diffusivity to cations or anions due to a low density of point defects in the crystal lattice. The protective characteristics of the corrosion products may be experimentally determined by measurement of their electrical conductivity, although the scales should also be effective against short-circuit transport of ions, atoms, or molecules. The best barriers consist of oxides, such as Al2O3, SiO2, and Cr2O3.

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium, and Chlorine on the High Temperature Corrosion of IN-100, U-700, IN-792, and MAR M-509

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Lowell ◽  
S. M. Sidik ◽  
D. L. Deadmore
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Metal Consumption ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

The effects of potential impurities, such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Cl, in coal-derived liquid fuels on accelerated corrosion of IN-100, U-700, IN-792, and Mar M-509 were investigated using a Mach 0.3 burner rig for times to 200 hours in one hour cycles. These impurities were injected in combination as aqueous solutions into the combustor. Other variables were time, temperature, and fuel-to-air ratio. The experimental matrix was a central composite fractional factorial design divided into blocks to allow modification of the design as data was gathered. The extent of corrosion was determined by metal consumption, τ.

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