Synthesis of Photodefinable RuO2 Precursors For Electrode Contacts

1997 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Law ◽  
Y. H. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Process ◽  
Ruthenium Complexes ◽  
Ferroelectric Thin Film ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ruthenium Compounds ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Pattern Forming ◽  
Pattern Resolution

ABSTRACTA wet-chemical process for depositing and patterning RuO2 contacts for use in ferroelectric thin film capacitive devices is described. Three new ruthenium compounds containing photocrosslinkable organic groups have been synthesized which polymerize upon UV exposure. Preliminary pattern forming ability of the new precursors has been tested with the use of a simple straight line contact mask. The exposed portions of the precursor films are resistant to ethanol, acetone, and light abrasion. The formation of crystalline RuO2 upon organic pyrolysis was confirmed by x-ray diffraction. Synthesized ruthenium complexes were compared to commercially available ruthenium acetylacetonate. The synthesized organo-ruthenium complexes showed improvement in pattern resolution and clarity.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Chraracterization of Tin Sulfide Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104
Author(s):  
Mukesh Upadhyay ◽  
Ashok Kumar Thakur ◽  
Mohan Daimary
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Tin Sulfide ◽  
Orthorhombic Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lower Wave Number ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Modes ◽  
Wet Chemical

In my present paper, Tin sulfide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using wet chemical process and studied their structural properties. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD confirms the Tin Sulfide nanoparticles possessing orthorhombic structure having particle size is approx. 12.72 nm. The Raman spectrum shows the frequency of the phonon in these nanoparticles and the Raman modes of Tin Sulfide nanoparticles were found to shifts towards lower wave number side.

scholarly journals Characterization of ferrite nanoparticles for preparation of biocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1257-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Klekotka ◽  
Magdalena Rogowska ◽  
Dariusz Satuła ◽  
Beata Kalska-Szostko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Activity ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wet Chemical

Ferrite nanoparticles with nominal composition Me0.5Fe2.5O4 (Me = Co, Fe, Ni or Mn) have been successfully prepared by the wet chemical method. The obtained particles have a mean diameter of 11–16 ± 2 nm and were modified to improve their magnetic properties and chemical activity. The surface of the pristine nanoparticles was functionalized afterwards with –COOH and –NH2 groups to obtain a bioactive layer. To achieve our goal, two different modification approaches were realized. In the first one, glutaraldehyde was attached to the nanoparticles as a linker. In the second one, direct bonding of such nanoparticles with a bioparticle was studied. In subsequent steps, the nanoparticles were immobilized with enzymes such as albumin, glucose oxidase, lipase and trypsin as a test bioparticles. The characterization of the nanoparticles was acheived by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The effect of the obtained biocomposites was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results show that in some cases the use of glutaraldehyde was crucial (albumin).

Study on Synthesis of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials Containing SMB

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1033-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Li ◽  
Shu Xin Qu ◽  
R. Shen ◽  
N. Yao ◽  
P.D. Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Absorption Peak ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Wet Synthesis

Calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials containing Chinese medicine, Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge, SMB), have been synthesized in our previous study via the wet chemical method. However, CaP biomaterials were generally synthesized in the alkaline solution. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of pH on SMB and the influence of SMB on the synthesis of CaP biomaterials. The SMB solutions of different pH from 5.0 to 10.0, were scanned with the UV-VIS spectrophotometer (UV-VIS) in the wavelength ranged from 200.00 to 400.00 nm. CaP biomaterials containing SMB were synthesized from (NH4)2HPO4, Ca(NO3)2, NH4OH and SMB. The filtrates of the wet synthesis of CaP biomaterials containing SMB were measured by UV-VIS. The synthesized CaP biomaterials containing SMB were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the maximum absorption peak appeared at 281.00 nm for solutions of pH 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0. Although there were a new absorption peaks as the pH were 8.0 and 9.0, the absorption curves of SMB became similar to that of SMB as pH at 7.0 after the pH were readjusted to 7.0. The absorption peak appeared an Einstein shift to 347.00 nm at pH 10.0, which did not return to 281.00 nm when the pH of SMB solution was readjusted to 7.0. The absorption peak of filtrates containing SMB of CaP biomaterials reaction system was still at 281.00 nm when their pH was 7.0 and 8.0. Moreover, SMB had no obvious effect on the phase component and functional groups of products. Hence, it could be predicted that calcium phosphate biomaterials containing SMB, such as DCPD and TCP containing SMB, which could be prepared at the pH ranged from 5.0 to 9.0.

Influence of LaNiO3 as an Electrode on the Properties of Ferroelectric Oxides

2000 ◽  
Vol 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kalare ◽  
M. Vedawyas ◽  
A. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Ferroelectric Thin Film ◽  
Memory Device ◽  
Epitaxial Films ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Oxide Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potential Electrode ◽  
Ferroelectric Oxides

AbstractAn electrode plays an important role in realising a ferroelectric thin film as a potential memory device. We have investigated LaNiO3 (LNO) as a potential electrode material and evaluated the ferroelectric properties of oxide materials like strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT) and barium titanate(BT). We have successfully deposited epitaxial films of LNO on Pt coated Si(100) and LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates using the pulsed excimer laser deposition technique. We are able to grow high quality SBT and BT films on top of this LNO layer. The X-ray diffraction revealed the epitaxy of the LNO, SBT and BT films. The ferroelectric properties of SBTand BT were investigated using the RT66A ferroelectric tester.

scholarly journals Alkali Fusion-Leaching Method For Comprehensive Processing Of Fly Ash

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Shoppert ◽  
I.V. Loginova ◽  
L.I. Chaikin ◽  
D.A. Rogozhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Alkali Fusion ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Comprehensive Processing

<p>Fly ash, composed of mullite, hematite, amorphous silica and quartz, is a promising source for the recovery of alumina and silica. Desilication with help of NaOH and alkali fusion-leaching method and utilization of alumina and silica in the fly ash for preparation of sodalite and silica white were explored in this research. The samples were characterized by using wet chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. The optimal extraction of SiO<sub>2</sub> from Reftinskaya power plant fly ash was 46.2% with leaching at 95 <sup>o</sup>C for 3 h. Sodalite was synthesized at 200 °C for 1 h followed water leaching at 95 °C for 1 h. Silica white with specific surface area 180-220 m2/g was prepared by carbonation of the Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> solution at 40 <sup>o</sup>C for 90-120 min. The as-prepared silica has a purity of 98,8%.</p><p>The proposed method is suitable for the comprehensive utilization of the fly ash.</p>

Chemical Synthesis and Properties of Layered Co1-yNiyO2-δOxides (0≤y≤1)

2000 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manthiram ◽  
R. V. Chebiam ◽  
F. Prado
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Oxide Ions ◽  
Structure Layer

ABSTRACTLayered Co1-yNiyO2-δ oxides with 0≤y≤1 have been synthesized by chemically extracting lithium from LiNi1-yCoyO2 with NO2PF6 at ambient temperature. The samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, wet-chemical analyses, infrared spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. While NiO2-δ retains the initial O3 (CdCl2 structure) layer structure of LiNiO2, CoO2-δ consists of a mixture of P3 and O1 (CdI2 structure) phases that are formed by a sliding of the oxide ions in the initial O3 structure. CoO2-δ and NiO2-δ have oxygen contents of, respectively, 1.67 and 1.95 and the oxygen content increases with increasing Ni content, y, in Co1-yNiyO2-δ. While CoO2-δ exhibits metallic conductivity as revealed by theabsence of absorption bands in the infrared spectrum, NiO2-δ exhibits semiconducting behavior due to a completely filled t2g band. Magnetic data reveal a transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic correlations as the Ni content in Co1-yNiyO2-δ increases.

Interdiffusion in Co/Ta Multilayer Thin Films

2005 ◽  
Vol 237-240 ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Myeong Lee ◽  
Byeong Seon Lee ◽  
Chan Gyu Lee ◽  
Yasunori Hayashi ◽  
Bon Heun Koo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Relaxation ◽  
Multilayer Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stress Release ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Interdiffusion Coefficients

We will discuss the stress release phenomena, structural relaxation and interdiffusion processes during annealing. The [Co(4nm)/Ta(4nm)]38 multilayers were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on Si substrate. The multilayers were annealed at various temperatures (523 - 673K) in vacuum (under 10-5 torr) furnace. The effective interdiffusion coefficients were determined from the slope of the best straight line fit of the first peak intensity versus annealing time [d ln(I(t)/I(0)) /dt] by X-ray diffraction (XRD) low angle measurements. The drastic decrease of the relative intensity in the initial stage shown due to the structural relaxation was excluded in the calculation of effective interdiffusion coefficients. The temperature dependence of interdiffusion in the range of 523 - 673K is described by D = 3.2×10-19 exp(-0.51±0.11 eV/kT) m2s-1.

Cyclopentadienyl ruthenium complexes with tricarbollide ligands

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry S. Perekalin ◽  
Evgeniya A. Trifonova ◽  
Ivan V. Glukhov ◽  
Josef Holub ◽  
Alexander R. Kudinov
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Ruthenium Complexes ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ca 50

Reaction of the tricarbollide anion [7,8,9-C3B8H11]– (1a) with the naphthalene complex [CpRu(C10H8)]+ under visible light irradiation in CH2Cl2 gives the 12-vertex closo-ruthenacarborane 1-Cp-1,2,3,5-RuC3B8H11 (2; 87% yield). This complex was also obtained by reaction of 1a with CpRu(cod)Cl (97%). Upon heating at 80 °C in toluene 2 rearranges into isomer 1-Cp-1,2,4,10-RuC3B8H11 (3; 63%). Irradiation of 1a with [CpRu(C10H8)]+ in acetone gives the 11-vertex closo-1-Cp-1,2,3,4-RuC3B7H10 (4; 32%). The latter was also prepared by reaction of 1a with [CpRu(MeCN)3]+ (59%). Compound 2 slowly undergoes cage contraction in acetone giving 4. Irradiation of 1a with [Cp*Ru(C10H8)]+ affords the isomeric 12-vertex closo-ruthenacarboranes 1-Cp*-1,2,3,5-RuC3B8H11 and 1-Cp*-1,2,4,10-RuC3B8H11 (2.2:1 ratio; 56%). Reaction of the amino-substituted tricarbollide anion [7-tBuNH-7,8,9-C3B8H10]– with [(C5R5)Ru(C10H8)]+ (R = H, Me) selectively gives 12-vertex closo-ruthenacarboranes 1-(C5R5)-12-tBuNH-1,2,4,12-RuC3B8H10 (ca. 50%). The structures of 2 and 4 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction.

Structural and Magnetic study of Al3+ doped Ni0.75Zn0.25Fe2-xAlxO4 nanoferrites

2013 ◽  
Vol 1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
B. K. Rai ◽  
S. R. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Magnetic Dilution ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Structural And Magnetic Properties

AbstractNanostructured Al3+ doped Ni0.75Zn0.25Fe2-xAlxO4 (x = 0.0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8, and 1.0) ferrites were synthesized via wet chemical method. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetization measurements have been used to investigate the structural and magnetic properties of spinel ferrites calcined at 950 °C .With the doping of Al3+, the particle size of Ni0.75Zn0.25Fe2-xAlxO4 first increased to 47 nm at x = 0.4 and then decreased down to 37 nm at x = 1. Saturation magnetization decreased linearly with Al3+ due to magnetic dilution. The coercive field showed an inverse dependence on the particle size of ferrites.

A Method for Bromine Determination in Wool Fabric by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

1976 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. William Reuter ◽  
Geraldine E. Secor ◽  
Mendel Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Wool Fabric ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Bromine Concentration ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Line Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Bromine is measured in flame-resistant wool fabric by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a relative precision of 3 to 8% and relative accuracy of better than 10%. The method computes the bromine concentration from fluorescence measurements of the sample, and a thin film standard, and two measurements of attenuation by the sample. Deviations of 10 to 20% from a straight-line relationship of x-ray counts to bromine concentration are accounted for. X-ray fluorescence is generally useful for routine analyses of bromine in textiles and has advantages over wet chemical analysis.

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