Nanostructure of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Prepared by a Novel Emulsion Polymerization Process

1997 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
P. J. Kinlen ◽  
C. R. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Conductivity Enhancement ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Polymer ◽  
Pani Salt

AbstractA soluble polyaniline (PANI) salt with moderate conductivity was synthesized by a novel emulsion polymerization process. The conductivity of the processed PANI films can be substantially increased by treating the polymer films with surfactants or with low molecular weight alcohols. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of thin polymer films revealed the existence of small islands of conducting PANI embedded in a non-conducting, dopant matrix. The conductivity of the PANI films is affected by the spatial distribution and the connectivity of these small islands. The conductivity enhancement observed upon treatment with surfactants is due to self-assembly of conducting PANI molecules into an interconnected network morphology. In the case of alcohol treatment the film conductivity is enhanced due to extraction of excess dopant phase and the subsequent densification of PANI islands to form highly conducting pathways.

Emulsion Polymerization Process for Organically Soluble and Electrically Conducting Polyaniline

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1735-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kinlen ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
Y. Ding ◽  
C. R. Graham ◽  
E. E. Remsen
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Conducting Polyaniline

Novel Methods of Preparing Polymers for High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara F. Howell ◽  
Darrell H. Reneker
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Polymer Structure ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Conducting Surface ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Polymer ◽  
Atomically Flat

This work was undertaken to guide the development of methods for preparing very thin polymer samples on an atomically flat, conducting surface so that the molecules could be examined with a scanning tunneling microscope. Polymer molecules with segments in an extended configuration were sought so that details of polymer structure such as branching, distances between branches, and other structural features of the molecules could be examined. Three different methods, (mechanical deformation, solution entrapment, and solution spreading) used for preparing the samples resulted in the “self-assembly” of the polymer molecules into a variety of structures which are described below.

Laser-Induced Formation of Periodic Structures in Plasma Deposited Polymer Films Containing Au, Ag, and Cu Nanoparticles

2006 ◽  
Vol 960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Loeschner ◽  
Andreas Kiesow ◽  
Andreas Heilmann
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Films ◽  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Polymer ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Structure Period

ABSTRACTThin polymer films containing metal nanoparticles were irradiated with linearly polarized femtosecond laser pulses. The resulting laser-induced periodic modification of the nanoparticle assemblies was studied by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The structure period Lambda is correlated with the applied laser wavelength lambda by Lambda = 0.7 lambda. The effect was observed for gold, silver and copper nanoparticles. Optical spectra of the laser-irradiated films show a clear dichroism.

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