Electroactive and Photoactive Rod-Coil Block Copolymers: Self-Organization and Photophysical Properties

1997 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Linda Chen ◽  
Samson A. Jenekhe
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
High Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Free Hole

AbstractTwo series of new electroactive and photoactive coil-rod-coil and rod-coil-rod triblock copolymers, poly (pentadecamethylene carboxester)-block - poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) - block - poly (pentadecamethylene carboxester) (1), and poly(2,6-benzoxazole)-block poly(benzobisthiazole decamethylene)-block-poly(2,6-benzoxazole) (2), were synthesized, characterized, and used to investigate the self-assembly properties of rod-coil block copolymers. The progressive band narrowing of the absorption spectrum of thin films of 1 confirmed the effects of spatial confinement with increasing coil block size. Photoluminescence studies of thin films of 1 and 2 showed the effects of self-organization, annealing at 110 °C, block lengths, and composition on photophysical properties. Bilayer photoreceptors consisting of a layer of block copolymer as the charge generation layer and a layer of tris(p-tolyl)amine dispersed in polycarbonate as a trap-free hole transport layer were oberved to have high quantum efficiency, good photosensitivity and good dark decay.

scholarly journals Evaporated MoOx as General Back-Side Hole Collector for Solar Cells

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 763
Author(s):  
Eugenia Bobeico ◽  
Lucia V. Mercaldo ◽  
Pasquale Morvillo ◽  
Iurie Usatii ◽  
Marco Della Noce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Charge Collection Efficiency ◽  
Free Hole ◽  
P Type

Substoichiometric molybdenum oxide (MoOx) has good potential as a hole-collecting layer in solar cells. In this paper, we report on the application of ultrathin evaporated MoOx as a hole collector at the back side of two distinct photovoltaic technologies: polymeric and silicon heterojunction (SHJ). In the case of polymer solar cells, we test MoOx as a hole transport layer in devices with inverted architecture. The higher transparency of the MoOx film, compared to the commonly used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), allows an enhanced back reflected light into the photoactive layer, thus boosting the photogeneration, as found from the illuminated J-V and external quantum efficiency (EQE) curves. The higher fill factor (FF) of the MoOx-based device also suggests an improved charge collection efficiency compared to the cells with PEDOT:PSS. As for SHJ solar cells, we show that MoOx offers the means for dopant-free hole collection with both p-type and n-type Si wafers. In the present comparison over planar test structures with Ag back reflecting electrodes, we observe an efficiency gain of approximately 1% absolute against a baseline with a conventional p-type amorphous silicon hole collector. The gain is linked to the increased VOC, which is likely due to the reduced recombination at the Si wafer.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cell Based on Zinc Phthalocyanine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ul Islam ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Waqar Adil Syed ◽  
Fakhra Aziz ◽  
Fazal Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanine ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Interfacial Resistance ◽  
Ito Cell ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties

Herein, we report thin films’ characterizations and photovoltaic properties of an organic semiconductor zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc). To study the former, a 100 nm thick film of ZnPc is thermally deposited on quartz glass by using vacuum thermal evaporator at 1.5 × 10−6 mbar. Surface features of the ZnPc film are studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) with in situ energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and atomic force microscope (AFM) which reveal uniform film growth, grain sizes and shapes with slight random distribution of the grains. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies are carried out of the ZnPc thin films to measure its optical bandgap (1.55 eV and 3.08 eV) as well as to study chemical composition and bond-dynamics. To explore photovoltaic properties of ZnPc, an Ag/ZnPc/PEDOT:PSS/ITO cell is fabricated by spin coating a 20 nm thick film of hole transport layer (HTL)—poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS)—on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate followed by thermal evaporation of a 100 nm layer of ZnPc and 50 nm silver (Ag) electrode. Current-voltage (I-V) properties of the fabricated device are measured in dark as well as under illumination at standard testing conditions (STC), i.e., 300 K, 100 mW/cm2 and 1.5 AM global by using solar simulator. The key device parameters such as ideality factor (n), barrier height ( ϕ b ), junction/interfacial resistance (Rs) and forward current rectification of the device are measured in the dark which exhibit the formation of depletion region. The Ag/ZnPc/PEDOT:PSS/ITO device demonstrates good photovoltaic characteristics by offering 0.48 fill factor (FF) and 1.28 ± 0.05% power conversion efficiency (PCE), η.

scholarly journals Low temperature-processed ZnO thin films for p–n junction-based visible-blind ultraviolet photodetectors

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (65) ◽  
pp. 37365-37374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna B. ◽  
Surendran K. P. ◽  
Narayanan Unni K. N.
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Ultraviolet Photodetectors ◽  
Visible Blind

Visible-blind ultraviolet photodetectors have been fabricated with a p–n junction based on ZnO and an organic hole transport layer.

scholarly journals High-Hole-Mobility Metal–Organic Framework as Dopant-Free Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Wang ◽  
Weikang Yu ◽  
Cheng Sun ◽  
Kashi Chiranjeevulu ◽  
Shuguang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Free Hole ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

AbstractA dopant-free hole transport layer with high mobility and a low-temperature process is desired for optoelectronic devices. Here, we study a metal–organic framework material with high hole mobility and strong hole extraction capability as an ideal hole transport layer for perovskite solar cells. By utilizing lifting-up method, the thickness controllable floating film of Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)2 at the gas–liquid interface is transferred onto ITO-coated glass substrate. The Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)2 film demonstrates high compactness and uniformity. The root-mean-square roughness of the film is 5.5 nm. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and the steady-state photoluminescence spectra exhibit the Ni3(HITP)2 film can effectively transfer holes from perovskite film to anode. The perovskite solar cells based on Ni3(HITP)2 as a dopant-free hole transport layer achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 10.3%. This work broadens the application of metal–organic frameworks in the field of perovskite solar cells. Graphical Abstract

High transmittance, photoluminescence properties of PANI: PSS multilayer thin films to develop a hole transport layer for OLED application

10.26524/jap9 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayamurugan P ◽  
Manoharan D ◽  
Ramadevi K ◽  
Upendar Reddy K ◽  
Subba Rao Y V
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Multilayer Thin Films ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Assembly Technique

The nanocolloidal solution has been spin coated on the substrate layer-by-layer, a self-assembly technique has used to form the multilayer thin films. The optical and structural properties of self-assembled multilayer thin films were characterized by UV-visible, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy

Controlled oxidation of Ni for stress-free hole transport layer of large-scale perovskite solar cells

Nano Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3089-3094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seongha Lee ◽  
Hee-Suk Roh ◽  
Gill Sang Han ◽  
Jung-Kun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Free Hole
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