Influence of BHF Treatments on Hydrogen-Terminated Si(100) Surfaces

1997 ◽  
Vol 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Osada ◽  
Y. Kawazawa ◽  
S. Miyazaki ◽  
M. Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Ft Ir

ABSTRACTThe hydrogen bonding features of Si(100) surfaces treated with BHF (NH4F/HF/H2O) have been studied by Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR-ATR). The amount of residual silicon-fluorine bonds on Si(100) surfaces has been evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is found that Si-H3 bonds appears to be preferentially removed by OH ions so as to increase the surface SiH2 and SiH bonds. On the other hand, it is likely that fluorine-containing ionic species such as HF2 might attack the backbonds of surface hydrides to produce Si-H3 and Si-F bonds. ATR spectra have shown that a BHF treated Si(100) surface in 5∼10% NH4F with molar ratios of HF/NH4F=0.37∼0.56 (pH=3.7∼4.0) at a treatment time of 5 minutes is atomically flatter than that treated in BHF containing 15∼20% NH4F. This is because the amount of residual Si-F bonds on Si(100) increases with HF2 concentration in BHF and these Si-F bonds enhance attacking of silicon backbonds of Si-F bond by OH− and HF2− ions.

Chemical Structures of Native Oxides Formed During Wet Chemical Treatments on NH4F Treated Si(111) Surfaces

1992 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Hattori ◽  
Hiroki Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Native Oxides ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Silicon Interface

ABSTRACTChemical structures of native oxides formed during wet chemical treatments on NH4F treated Si(111) surfaces were investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Attenuated Total Reflection(FT-IR-ATR). It was found that the amounts of Si-H bonds in native oxides and those at native oxide/silicon interface are negligibly small in the case of native oxides formed in H2SO4-H2O2-H2O solution. Based on this discovery, it was confirmed that native oxides can be characterized by the amount of Si-H bonds in native oxides. Furthermore, it was found that the combination of various wet chemical treatments with the treatment in NH4OH-H2O2-H2O solution results in the drastic decrease in the amount of Si-H bonds in native oxides.

Analytical and Microbiological Characterization of Paper Samples Exhibiting Foxing Stains

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Nunes ◽  
Cátia Relvas ◽  
Francisca Figueira ◽  
Joana Campelo ◽  
António Candeias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Sizing Agents ◽  
Mineral Fillers

AbstractThis work comprises the use of a multi-analytical approach combined with microbiological studies to characterize six paper samples, containing foxing stains, from the 20th century, regarding their cellulose matrix, fillers, and sizing materials, and to evaluate possible paper degradation that might have occurred during the foxing stains. Photography under different illuminations and optical microscopy were used for morphological characterization of the paper samples and foxing stains. Scanning electron microscopy coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was of particular importance for defining the presence of fiber disorder and disruption on the surface of some of the stains, and localized accumulations of mineral-like particles on the surface of others. SEM-EDS, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FT-IR), and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) were used for the identification of mineral fillers, whereas sizing agents were analyzed using ATR-FT-IR. EDXRF results showed that no differences, within the standard deviation, were found in iron and copper contents between the foxed and unfoxed areas. Fungi belonging to the genus Penicillium spp. were found in all the paper samples. Unfoxed areas presented lower contamination than the foxed areas.

scholarly journals Using Genipin to Immobilize Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on Zirconia Surface for Enhancing Cell Adhesion and Mineralization in Dental Implant Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2639
Author(s):  
Ying-Sui Sun ◽  
Yu-An Lin ◽  
Her-Hsiung Huang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Our objective in this study was to promote cell responses through the immobilization of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) on roughened zirconia (ZrO2) through using the natural cross-linker genipin in dental implant applications. Field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface characterizations, including the topography, chemistry, and functional groups, respectively, of the test specimens. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were used to detect cell responses (adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization). The surface characterizations analysis results revealed that genipin was effective in immobilizing BMP-2 on roughened zirconia surfaces. BMP-2 proved effective in promoting the adhesion and mineralization of hMSCs on roughened zirconia. The surface modification proposed has potential in zirconia dental implant applications.

scholarly journals The surface modification by O2 low temperature plasma to improve dyeing properties of Rex rabbit fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501985402
Author(s):  
Ting Su ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Lixin Li ◽  
Zongcai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rex Rabbit

Dyeability of the fiber plays a very important role in the textile industry. The presence of cuticle scales on the surface of Rex rabbit fibers brings difficulties to dyeing process. In this study, O2 low temperature plasma was used to improve the dyeability of Rex rabbit fibers and the two key parameters including the treating time and discharge power were optimized during O2 low temperature plasma treatment. The impact of plasma treatment on the surface morphology, physical-chemical properties, and dyeing behavior of Rex rabbit fibers using anionic dyes were investigated by a series of characterization methods such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflection, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface dyeability and color fastness were studied by K/S measurement and washing fastness, respectively. The influence of O2 low temperature plasma treatment on the mechanical properties of Rex rabbit fibers was inspected by the tensile strength measurement. The wettability of the samples was evaluated in terms of wetting time and contact angle. The O2 low temperature plasma treatment resulted in a dramatic improvement in wettability of Rex rabbit fibers. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflection analysis show that oxygen plasma treatment led to a significant increase in the content of sulfur oxides and polar groups such as (–C=O, –OH, and –NH2) on the fiber surface and resulted in reinforced wettability, dyeing rate and dyeing fixation of Rex rabbit fibers.

scholarly journals Polylactide/Hydroxyapatite Nonwovens Incorporated into Chitosan/Graphene Materials Hydrogels to Form Novel Hierarchical Scaffolds

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kosowska ◽  
Patrycja Domalik-Pyzik ◽  
Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz ◽  
Jan Chłopek
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Potential Use

In this study, hierarchical, cylindrical scaffolds based on polylactide (PLA) microfibers incorporated into chitosan (CS) hydrogel were prepared for potential use in bone tissue engineering. PLA nonwovens modified with hydroxyapatite particles (HAp) were obtained using the electrospinning method. Then, three-dimensional scaffolds were created by rolling up the nonwovens and immersing them in CS-based solutions with graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO) dispersed in the polymer matrix. Hydrogels were cross-linked using a novel freezing-thawing-gelling method. A broad spectrum of research methods was applied in order to thoroughly characterize both the nanofillers and the composite systems: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, rheological and mechanical testing, as well as the assessment of chemical stability, bioactivity and cytocompatibility.

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