Toughness and Subcritical Crack Growth in Nb/Nb3Al Layered Materials

1996 ◽  
Vol 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Bloyer ◽  
K. T. Venkateswara Rao ◽  
R. O. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Subcritical Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Stable Crack Growth ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Crack Arrester ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Particulate Reinforced

AbstractA brittle intermetallic, Nb3Al, reinforced with a ductile metal, Nb, has been used to investigate the resistance curve and cyclic fatigue behavior of a relatively coarse laminated composite. With this system, the toughness of Nb3Al was found to increase from ∼1 MPa√m to well over 20 MPa√m after several millimeters of stable crack growth; this was attributed to extensive crack bridging and plastic deformation within the Nb layers in the crack wake. Cyclic fatigue-crack growth resistance was also improved in the laminate microstructures compared to pure Nb3Al and Nb-particulate reinforced Nb3Al composites with crack arrester orientations in the laminate providing better fatigue resistance than either the matrix or pure Nb.

scholarly journals Effect of Bond-Line Thickness on Fatigue Crack Growth of Structural Acrylic Adhesive Joints

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Yu Sekiguchi ◽  
Chiaki Sato
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Adhesive Bond ◽  
Bond Line ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Line Thickness ◽  
Bond Line Thickness

With an increasing demand for adhesives, the durability of joints has become highly important. The fatigue resistance of adhesives has been investigated mainly for epoxies, but in recent years many other resins have been adopted for structural adhesives. Therefore, understanding the fatigue characteristics of these resins is also important. In this study, the cyclic fatigue behavior of a two-part acrylic-based adhesive used for structural bonding was investigated using a fracture-mechanics approach. Fatigue tests for mode I loading were conducted under displacement control using double cantilever beam specimens with varying bond-line thicknesses. When the fatigue crack growth rate per cycle, da/dN, reached 10−5 mm/cycle, the fatigue toughness reduced to 1/10 of the critical fracture energy. In addition, significant changes in the characteristics of fatigue crack growth were observed varying the bond-line thickness and loading conditions. However, the predominance of the adhesive thickness on the fatigue crack growth resistance was confirmed regardless of the initial loading conditions. The thicker the adhesive bond line, the greater the fatigue toughness.

On Crack Growth in Composite Cylindrical Shells

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder A. Rasheed ◽  
John L. Tassoulas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Release Rate ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Stable Crack Growth ◽  
Composite Cylindrical Shells

Abstract Interfacial defects, in the form of cracks or layer separation, may occur in composite cylindrical shells during the manufacturing process, transportation or service life. Such defects are expected to affect the integrity of laminated composite structural elements and may reduce their capacity to resist the applied loads. In this article, the growth of pre-existing cracks in moderately thick composite cylinders is studied for the case of externally applied fluid pressure. The cracks considered separate thick layers, which are unlikely to buckle locally prior to the final collapse of the structural component. The potential of growth is assessed by computing the energy release rate. It is found that any initial out-of roundness imperfection introduces a shear force at the crack tip by causing the cross section to ovalize slightly. The energy release rate is found to vary exponentially with the applied pressure, when geometric nonlinearities are considered. The analysis is applied to a carbon/glass-fiber hybrid composite tube and the parameters influencing growth are examined. Crack length, through the thickness location, circumferential location relative to the ovalization orientation and the amount of imperfection are found to control the nature of growth. Unstable as well as stable crack growth and arrest cases are observed for various combinations of these parameters.

scholarly journals Cyclical fatigue of annealed and of thermally tempered soda-lime-silica glass

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 18003
Author(s):  
Jens Schneider ◽  
Jonas Hilcken
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Silica Glass ◽  
Subcritical Crack Growth ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Growth Exponent ◽  
Static Fatigue ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Soda Lime Silica Glass ◽  
Number Of Cycles

We present experimental and theoretical investigations on the cyclic fatigue of annealed and of thermally tempered soda-lime-silica glass. Static fatigue due to subcritical crack growth at micro cracks significantly decreases the macroscopic strength of soda-lime-silica glass and causes a time-dependent strength reduction. A subsequent thermal tempering process is typically used to induce residual surface compression stresses, which inhibit the crack growth of surface cracks, and corresponding bulk tension stresses. From the experimental results we show that the existing models for static fatigue used in linear elastic fracture mechanics can be used for the lifetime prediction of cyclically loaded annealed glass and thermally tempered glass, although the (static) crack growth exponent slightly decreases in cyclic loading. The equivalent duration of tensile stress at the crack tip of a micro crack governs the crack growths and not the number of cycles. The threshold for subcritical crack growth determined from the cyclic experiments was found to be in good agreement with data from literature. But unlike in strength tests with singular and quasi-static re-loading, it could be found that periodic loading with load free intervals does not lead to a strength increase by crack healing effects. Based on the results, an engineering design concept for cyclically loaded glass is presented.

Control Effect on Fatigue Crack Propagation of TiNi Fiber Reinforced PMMA Composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 2929-0
Author(s):  
Cheong Cheon Lee ◽  
Akira Shimamoto
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
The Matrix

In this paper, the TiNi fiber reinforced/PMMA (Poly methyl methacrylate) composite is developed, and its effectiveness of controlling fatigue crack growth is studied. The TiNi fiber reinforced/PMMA composite’s mechanical property enhancement and deformation resistance are also studied. The fatigue behavior and crack propagation are observed with a SEM servo-pulser (fatigue testing instrument with scanning electron microscope) while increasing temperature. As the results, it is confirmed that the fatigue life and resistance are improved. How the shape memory effect and expansion behavior of the matrix caused by temperature increasing affect the fatigue crack propagation control is examined. It is verified that the control of fatigue crack growth is attributed to the compressive stress field in the matrix due to shrinkage of the TiNi fibers above austenitic finishing temperature (Af).

Fatigue Behavior and Damage Assessment of Stainless Steel/Aluminum Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Eskizeybek ◽  
Ahmet Avci ◽  
Ahmet Akdemir ◽  
Ömer Sinan Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Strain Energy Release ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
304 Stainless Steel

Fatigue crack growth and related damage mechanisms were investigated experimentally in a stainless steel/aluminum laminated composite with middle through thickness crack, and two different fracture mechanics approaches applied to the composite to reveal their differences under fatigue loading. The laminated composite material, which has a unidirectional continuous AISI 304 stainless steel as fibers and Al 1060 as matrix, was produced by using diffusion bonding. Fatigue tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM E 647. The relationships between fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN), stress intensity factor (ΔK), and strain energy release rate (ΔG) were determined; and damage behavior was discussed. Both linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and compliance method were used, and the results were compared with each other. It is found that as the crack propagates, the LEFM overestimates the ΔG values. Interlaminar and fiber/matrix interface damage were evaluated by fractographic examination.

Characterization of the Fracture and Fatigue Behavior of Thermoplastic Elastomer Materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 789-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Major ◽  
Mikel Isasi ◽  
Thomas Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Pure Shear ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Stable Crack Growth ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Tearing Energy

Thermoplastic elastomers are a relatively new group of engineering materials and are increasingly used in various technical applications (i.e., seals, gaskets, damping elements, and membranes) where the fatigue resistance plays an important role. The fracture behavior of elastomers is often characterized using the tearing energy concept, T. However, hardly any data are available for these types of materials. Hence, an unfilled and a filled thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) type were investigated under cyclic loading conditions. The pure shear specimen configuration was used in the experimental part of this study. Crack growth kinetics curves were determined and the cycle number and the tests frequency dependence of these curves investigated. While a stable crack growth process was observed at 2 Hz the crack growth became unstable above specific test amplitude at 10 Hz.

Fracture Toughness and Subcritical Crack Growth in CVD Diamond

1995 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kant ◽  
M. D. Drory ◽  
R. O. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Subcritical Crack Growth ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Free Standing

ABSTRACTThe fracture toughness, stress corrosion and cyclic fatigue properties of polycrystalline chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond have been investigated on thick (˜100 to 300 μm) free-standing films. Specifically, the fracture toughness, Kc, of diamond was determined using indentation methods and for the first time by the tensile testing of pre-notched fracture-mechanics type compact-tension samples. Measured Kc values were found to be between 5 and 7 MPa-m1/2 by either method and to be apparently independent of grain size and shape. Studies on subcritical crack growth (i.e., at stress intensities less than Kc) indicated that CVD diamond is essentially immune to stress-corrosion cracking under sustained loads in room air, water and acid environments. Corresponding experiments to examine susceptibility to cyclic fatigue are currently being performed using indentation-precracked cantilever beams cycled in three-point bending.

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