Synthesis of Zircon for Immobilization of Actinides

1995 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Burakov ◽  
E. B. Anderson ◽  
V. S. Rovsha ◽  
S. V. Ushakov ◽  
R. C. Ewing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Ideal Stoichiometry

AbstractA new method of synthesis for actinide-doped zircon is presented based on studies of zircons formed by crystallization from the reactor core melt generated in the course of the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. These zircons have compositions in the range (Zr0.94, U0.06)SiO4 to (Zr0.9, U0.1)SiO4. Hot-pressing of oxides was studied to make Zr-based waste forms. The results demonstrate the efficacy of using metallic zirconium in synthesizing high-actinide zircons. In the event of deviations from zircon's ideal stoichiometry, ZrO2 forms, which is also an effective host phase for actinide elements. Waste streams high in zirconium and actinides could be converted into Zr-based waste forms. The adaptation and modification of the mixed-oxide reactor fuel (MOX) production process is proposed as a process for the production of (Zr,Pu)SiO4, a durable waste form for excess weapons plutonium.

scholarly journals Online Simulation of Nuclear Power Plant Primary Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hongyun Xie ◽  
Haixia Gu ◽  
Chao Lu ◽  
Jialin Ping
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Nuclear Power Industry ◽  
Online Simulation

Real-time Simulation (RTS) has long been used in the nuclear power industry for operator training and engineering purposes. And, online simulation (OLS) is based on RTS and with connection to the plant information system to acquire the measurement data in real time for calibrating the simulation models and following plant operation, for the purpose of analyzing plant events and providing indicative signs of malfunctioning. OLS has been applied in certain industries to improve safety and efficiency. However, it is new to the nuclear power industry. A research project was initiated to implement OLS to assist operators in certain critical nuclear power plant (NPP) operations to avoid faulty conditions. OLS models were developed to simulate the reactor core physics and reactor/steam generator thermal hydraulics in real time, with boundary conditions acquired from plant information system, synchronized in real time. The OLS models then were running in parallel with recorded plant events to validate the models, and the results are presented.

scholarly journals Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. e-21-e-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shkvyria ◽  
D. Vishnevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Large Predators

Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone During nine years observations on large carnivores of Exclusion Zone have been carried out. Species composition and the number of large predators in the Exclusion Zone correspond to the regional conditions. The presence of bears and permanent stay of the lynx in the Exclusion Zone was confirmed. Six wolf packs were counted. The use of an anthropogenically transformed areas, the shift of the daily regime of activity and characteristics of the diet are the most specific features of this animal group.

A High Effective Parallel Method for the Coupling Between Neutronics and Thermal-Hydraulic

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Dong ◽  
Zhijian Zhang ◽  
Zhaofei Tian ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Guangliang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Reactor Power ◽  
Coupling Method ◽  
Outlet Temperature

Multi-physics coupling analysis is one of the most important fields among the analysis of nuclear power plant. The basis of multi-physics coupling is the coupling between neutronics and thermal-hydraulic because it plays a decisive role in the computation of reactor power, outlet temperature of the reactor core and pressure of vessel, which determines the economy and security of the nuclear power plant. This paper develops a coupling method which uses OPENFOAM and the REMARK code. OPENFOAM is a 3-dimension CFD open-source code for thermal-hydraulic, and the REMARK code (produced by GSE Systems) is a real-time simulation multi-group core model for neutronics while it solves diffusion equations. Additionally, a coupled computation using these two codes is new and has not been done. The method is tested and verified using data of the QINSHAN Phase II typical nuclear reactor which will have 16 × 121 elements. The coupled code has been modified to adapt unlimited CPUs after parallelization. With the further development and additional testing, this coupling method has the potential to extend to a more large-scale and accurate computation.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH DECOMMISSIONING THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COOLING POND

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ya. Oskolkov ◽  
M. D. Bondarkov ◽  
S. P. Gaschak ◽  
A. M. Maksymenko ◽  
V. M. Maksymenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Cooling Pond ◽  
Power Plant Cooling

scholarly journals Depression with auto-aggressive manifestations in victims during a radiation disaster and fighting

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
N. Оtroshchenko ◽  
P. Оtroshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Joint Forces

Purpose. To increase the level of medical care for depression patients with autoaggressive manifestations (AM) in victims during a radiation disaster and fighting by developing new diagnostic and treatment programs. Material and methods. The object and methods of the study were 70 liquidators of the accident consequences at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant aged from 54 to 65 years old and 45 combatants of the Anti-terroristic operation (Joint forces operation) aged from 25 to 59 years old – comparison group, depression patients with AM, psychosomatic pathology were examined. For the main group and the comparisons group were used clinical and paraclinical methods, division into groups, according to diagnostic and treatment programs, therapy and follow-up from 2 months to 2 years. Results. The main group observed increasing depressive frequency disorders with AM in liquidators of the accident consequences at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The examination revealed asthenic – in 34 (48.6 %) patients, anxiety – in 13 (18.6 %), apathetic – in 8 (11.4 %), hypochondriac – in 7 (10 %), dysphoric – in 5 (7.1 %), obsessive-phobic – in 3 (4.3 %) variants of depression with AM. These particular disorders are characterized asthenic, anxiety and apathetic symptoms, progressive course, personality changes with organic and psychosomatic traits, cognitive deficit (р <0,05). In the comparison group, asthenic was found in 13 (28.3 %) patients, anxious in 11 (23.9 %), hypochondriac in 10 (21.7 %), dysphoric in 6 (13 %), and obsessive-phobic – in 3 (6.5 %) and apathetic variants – in 2 (4.4 %) depression with AM. After the participation in the Anti-terroristic operation (Joint forces operation) fighters exhibit depression with AM in combination with psychosomatic and personality traits, changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain. These particular disorders are characterized asthenic, anxiety, hypochondriac symptoms, personality and psychosomatic traits (р <0,05). Conclusions. The proposed comprehensive treatment and diagnostic program will increase the level of medical care of the liquidators of the accident consequences at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, combatants of the Anti-terroristic operation (Joint forces operation) and prevent the occurrence of suicide. Key words: depression, autoaggressive manifestations, diagnostics, treatment, prevention, combatants of the Anti-terroristic operation (Joint forces operation), liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident.

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