Structure and Electrical Properties of Conjugated Polymer Composites

1995 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Gong ◽  
W. S. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Conducting Composite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Two Sides

ABSTRACTThe microstructure and electrical property relationships in conjugated polymer composites( polyaniline (PAn) or polypyrrole(PPy)/thiokol rubber (TR)) have been characterized by 4-probe method , scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and attenuated total reflection(ATR). The electrical conductivities of the two surfaces of the film, with film thicknesses from 0.01mm to 0.30mm, prepared by electropolymerization , were measured . The differences were related to the thickness of the film. As for a similar PPy/TR film, when trichloroacetic acid was regarded as the supporting electrolyte the film thickness was 0.05mm and the electrical conductivity of the surface on the solution side was reduced by about 21.3%. The studies of SEM, x-ray EDS , ATR for the chemical composition and microstructure of the two surfaces of the composite films showed that a reaction layer was present in the films. Moreover , the conductivity changes between two sides of a fold mark in the conducting composite film is discussed.

scholarly journals Polyarylene Ether Nitrile and Barium Titanate Nanocomposite Plasticized by Carboxylated Zinc Phthalocyanine Buffer

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuning Liu ◽  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Changyu Liu ◽  
Ling Tu ◽  
Yong You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanine ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyarylene Ether Nitrile ◽  
High Dielectric

Barium titanate (BT) and polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric properties were obtained by using carboxylatedzinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc-COOH) buffer as the plasticizer. Carboxylated zinc phthalocyanine, prepared through hydrolyzing ZnPc in NaOH solution, reacted with the hydroxyl groups on the peripheral of hydrogen peroxide treated BT (BT-OH) yielding core-shell structured BT@ZnPc. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TEM energy dispersive spectrometer mapping, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) demonstrated successful preparation of BT@ZnPc. The fabricated BT@ZnPc was incorporated into the PEN matrix through the solution casting method. Rheological measurements demonstrated that the ZnPc-COOH buffer can improve the compatibility between BT and PEN effectively. With the existence of the ZnPc-COOH buffer, the prepared BT@ZnPc/PEN nanocomposites exhibit a high dielectric constant of 5.94 and low dielectric loss (0.016 at 1000 Hz). BT@ZnPc/PEN dielectric composite films can be easily prepared, presenting great application prospects in the field of organic film capacitors.

scholarly journals Fabrication of PEDOT: PSS-PVP Nanofiber-Embedded Sb2Te3 Thermoelectric Films by Multi-Step Coating and Their Improved Thermoelectric Properties

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2835
Author(s):  
Sang-il Kim ◽  
Kang Yeol Lee ◽  
Jae-Hong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermoelectric Efficiency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Seebeck Coefficients ◽  
Electrical Conductivities

Antimony telluride thin films display intrinsic thermoelectric properties at room temperature, although their Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities may be unsatisfactory. To address these issues, we designed composite films containing upper and lower Sb2Te3 layers encasing conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)- polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) nanowires. Thermoelectric Sb2Te3/PEDOT:PSS-PVP/Sb2Te3(ED) (STPPST) hybrid composite films were prepared by a multi-step coating process involving sputtering, electrospinning, and electrodeposition stages. The STPPST hybrid composites were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The thermoelectric performance of the prepared STPPST hybrid composites, evaluated in terms of the power factor, electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, demonstrated enhanced thermoelectric efficiency over a reference Sb2Te3 film. The performance of the composite Sb2Te3/PEDOT:PSS-PVP/Sb2Te3 film was greatly enhanced, with σ = 365 S/cm, S = 124 μV/K, and a power factor 563 μW/mK.

Lead-free halide double perovskite-polymer composites for flexible X-ray imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (44) ◽  
pp. 11961-11967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Li ◽  
Xin Shan ◽  
Jennifer N. Neu ◽  
Thomas Geske ◽  
Melissa Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Double Perovskite ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

X-ray detectors are demonstrated using composite films of lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 halide double perovskite embedded in a polymer matrix as the X-ray photoconductors.

PHOTO-CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF TiO2–Fe2O3–La2O3 NANO-COMPOSITE FILMS

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING LI ◽  
MING-MING YAO ◽  
YING ZHANG ◽  
HUAI YANG
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Co Doped

Titanium dioxide doped Fe 3+ and La 3+ nano-composite films were prepared using the sol–gel method. The photo-catalytic properties were evaluated by photo-degradation of methyl orange in solution. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to characterize the TiO 2 film doped Fe 3+ and La 3+, indicating that the film has nano-structure, and mainly anatase crystal. It is proved that co-doped Fe 3+ and La 3+ can improve significantly the photo-catalytic properties of TiO 2 film due to the synergistic effect of the two ions.

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Measurements of thin Metal Foils

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
J. Bentley ◽  
E. A. Kenik
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Thin Metal ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Thin Specimen ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Foils ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Scanning Transmission

Instruments combining a 100 kV transmission electron microscope (TEM) with scanning transmission (STEM), secondary electron (SEM) and x-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) attachments to give analytical capabilities are becoming increasingly available and useful. Some typical applications in the field of materials science which make use of the small probe size and thin specimen geometry are the chemical analysis of small precipitates contained within a thin foil and the measurement of chemical concentration profiles near microstructural features such as grain boundaries, point defect clusters, dislocations, or precipitates. Quantitative x-ray analysis of bulk samples using EDS on a conventional SEM is reasonably well established, but much less work has been performed on thin metal foils using the higher accelerating voltages available in TEM based instruments.

High spatial resolution x-ray microanalysis of interfaces

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
J. R. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Solid Angle ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Brightness Field

X-ray microanalysis in the analytical electron microscope (AEM) refers to a technique by which chemical composition can be determined on spatial scales of less than 10 nm. There are many factors that influence the quality of x-ray microanalysis. The minimum probe size with sufficient current for microanalysis that can be generated determines the ultimate spatial resolution of each individual microanalysis. However, it is also necessary to collect efficiently the x-rays generated. Modern high brightness field emission gun equipped AEMs can now generate probes that are less than 1 nm in diameter with high probe currents. Improving the x-ray collection solid angle of the solid state energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) results in more efficient collection of x-ray generated by the interaction of the electron probe with the specimen, thus reducing the minimum detectability limit. The combination of decreased interaction volume due to smaller electron probe size and the increased collection efficiency due to larger solid angle of x-ray collection should enhance our ability to study interfacial segregation.

Characterization of defects in tabular silver halide grains

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1047
Author(s):  
C. Goessens ◽  
D. Schryvers ◽  
J. Van Landuyt ◽  
A. Verbeeck ◽  
R. De Keyzer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Free Region ◽  
Central Defect ◽  
Crystallographic Defects ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Two Sides

Silver halide grains (AgX, X=Cl,Br,I) are commonly recognized as important entities in photographic applications. Depending on the preparation specifications one can grow cubic, octahedral, tabular a.o. morphologies, each with its own physical and chemical characteristics. In the present study crystallographic defects introduced by the mixing of 5-20% iodide in a growing AgBr tabular grain are investigated. X-ray diffractometry reveals the existence of a homogeneous Ag(Br1-xIx) region, expected to be formed around the AgBr kernel. In fig. 1 a two-beam BF image, taken at T≈100 K to diminish radiation damage, of a triangular tabular grain is presented, clearly showing defect contrast fringes along four of the six directions; the remaining two sides show similar contrast under relevant diffraction conditions. The width of the central defect free region corresponds with the pure AgBr kernel grown before the mixing with I. The thickness of a given grain lies between 0.15 and 0.3 μm: as indicated in fig. 2 triangular (resp. hexagonal) grains exhibit an uneven (resp. even) number of twin interfaces (i.e., between + and - twin variants) parallel with the (111) surfaces. The thickness of the grains and the existence of the twin variants was confirmed from CTEM images of perpendicular cuts.

Microstructure and Physical Properties of Clay-Polymer Composites

2000 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.N. Blanton ◽  
D. Majumdar ◽  
S.M. Melpolder
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Layered Clay

ABSTRACTClay-polymer nanoparticulate composite materials are evaluated by the X-ray diffraction technique. The basal plane spacing provided information about the degree of intercalation and exfoliation of the 2: 1 layered clay structure. Both intercalation and exfoliation are controlled by the identity of the polymer and the clay:polymer ratio.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document